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- \u6176\u795d\u8ac7\u932b\u6c38\u5148\u751f\u516b\u5341\u83ef\u8a95\u6f22\u85cf\u4f5b\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u96c6\u300b<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u9644\u9304<\/strong><strong>1<\/strong><strong>\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u300a\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u5fc3\u6027\u4f11\u606f\u5927\u8eca\u758f\u300b\u7bc0\u8b6f<\/strong><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>rDzogs pa chen po sems nyid ngal gso\u2019i \u2018grel pa shing rta chen po<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u9f8d\u9752\u5df4 \u9020<br \/>\n\u694a\u6770 \u8b6f<\/p>\n<p>\u8f2a\u8ff4\u8207\u6d85\u69c3\u7686\u4ee5\u7a2e\u5b50\u4e4b\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f9d\u65bc\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff0c\u300a\u6587\u6b8a\u7121\u57a2\u667a\u7d93\u300b\uff08\u2019Jam dpal ye shes dri ma med pa\u2019i mdo\uff09\u4e91\uff1a<br \/>\n\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u70ba\u4e00\u5207\u57fa &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8f2a\u8ff4\u6d85\u69c3\u6e05\u6de8\u57fa<br \/>\n\u65bc\u6cd5\u754c\u771f\u5982\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c07\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8996\u70ba\u5206\u57fa\uff08dbye gzhi\uff09[47] \uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u70ba\u7121\u6709\u5206\u5225\u4e4b\u7121\u8a18\u6cd5\uff08lung ma bstan\uff09\u6545\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u5176\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u5f9e\u672c\u4f86\u7121\u70ba\u3001\u6cd5\u723e\u4efb\u904b\u4e4b\u672c\u89ba\u89d2\u5ea6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5373\u540d\u70ba\u201c\u95dc\u806f\u771f\u5be6\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u201d\uff08sbyor ba don dyi kun gzhi\uff09\uff1b\u57fa\u65bc\u7121\u660e\uff0c\u5f9e\u8f2a\u8ff4\u8af8\u6cd5\u3001\u516b\u8b58\u805a\u53ca\u8af8\u7fd2\u6c23\u7686\u4ee5\u5176\u70ba\u57fa\u4e4b\u89d2\u5ea6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5247\u540d\u70ba\u201c\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7fd2\u6c23\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u201d\uff08bag chags sna tshogs pa\u2019i kun gzhi\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u5584\u4e0d\u5584\u81ea\u6027\u4e4b\u6709\u70ba\u6cd5\u7686\u4f9d\u4e4b\u800c\u986f\u73fe\u7a2e\u7a2e\u82e6\u6a02\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u96a8\u9806\u798f\u5fb7\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u5207\u56e0\u679c\u7686\u4f9d\u65bc\uff08\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff09\uff0c\u96a8\u9806\u89e3\u812b\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u5207\u5584\u6cd5\u4ea6\u4f9d\u65bc\uff08\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff09\uff0c\uff08\u89e3\u812b\u5206\uff09\u4e4b\u96e2\u57a2\u679c\uff08dri ma\u2019i bral \u2018bras \uff09\u4f9d\u65bc\u4f5b\u6027\u3002<br \/>\n\u5ee3\u8aaa\u5176\u7406\u2014\u2014<br \/>\n\uff08\u96a8\uff09\u8f2a\u8ff4\u56e0\u679c\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5584\u696d\u3001\uff08\u96a8\u798f\u5fb7\u5206\uff09\u4e4b\u52a3\u5584\u696d\u3001\u96a8\u89e3\u812b\u5206\u4e4b\u6d85\u69c3\u6240\u96e2\u56e0\uff08bral bya\u2019i rgyu\uff09\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u73fe\u8b49\u89e3\u812b\u4e4b\u696d\u9053\u6089\u7686\u4f9d\u65bc\u7121\u8a18\u4e4b\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u3002\u5fa9\u6b21\uff0c\u96a8\u9806\u89e3\u812b\u5206\u4e4b\u5584\u6cd5\u7686\u70ba\u9053\u8ae6\u6240\u651d\u4e4b\u66ab\u751f\u6709\u70ba\u6cd5\uff0c\u6545\u4ee5\u96e2\u56e0\uff08bral rgyu\uff09\u4e4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f9d\u65bc\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7fd2\u6c23\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff0c\u5176\u96e2\u679c\uff08bral \u2018bras\uff09\u4f9d\u65bc\u4f5b\u6027\uff0c\u6b64\u5982\u96f2\u80fd\u969c\u65e5\uff0c\u6545\u70ba\u6240\u6de8\uff08dag bya\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u6240\u6de8\u4ea6\u4f9d\u65bc\u6e05\u6de8\u4e4b\u65e5\u3002 \u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u4e91[48] \uff1a<br \/>\n\u5730\u754c\u4f9d\u6c34\u4f4f &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6c34\u5fa9\u4f9d\u65bc\u98a8<br \/>\n\u98a8\u4f9d\u65bc\u865b\u7a7a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;\u7a7a\u4e0d\u4f9d\u5730\u7b49<br \/>\n\u860a\u754c\u53ca\u8af8\u6839&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;\u4f9d\u7169\u60f1\u8207\u696d<br \/>\n\u8af8\u7169\u60f1\u8207\u696d&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;\u4f9d\u975e\u7406\u4f5c\u610f<br \/>\n\u4f9d\u975e\u7406\u4f5c\u610f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;\u4f9d\u5fc3\u6e05\u6de8\u6027<br \/>\n\u7136\u6b64\u5fc3\u672c\u6027 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4e0d\u4f4f\u5f7c\u8af8\u6cd5<br \/>\n\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u865b\u7a7a\u822c\u6cd5\u723e\u6e05\u6de8\u4e4b\u5fc3\u6027\u4e0a\uff0c\u6e05\u6de8\u4f5b\u524e\u53ca\u672c\u5177\u4e4b\u529f\u5fb7\u4ee5\u4e8c\u7a2e\u6027\u4e4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f4f\u65bc\u96e2\u57fa\uff08bral ba\u2019i gzhi\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u96e2\u57fa\u5373\u7121\u59cb\u5584\u6cd5\u754c\uff08thog ma med pa\u2019i chos khams dge ba\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u70ba\u6d85\u69c3\u4e4b\u6240\u4f9d\u3002\u65bc\u6b64\u7576\u77e5\u96e2\u57fa\u3001\u96e2\u56e0\u3001\u96e2\u679c\u3001\u6240\u96e2\u56db\u8005\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u96e2\u57fa\u70ba\uff08\u4f5b\uff09\u6027\uff08khams\uff09 [49]\u6216\uff08\u5982\u4f86\uff09\u85cf\uff0c\u96e2\u56e0\u5373\u80fd\u6de8\uff08\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff09\u4e0a\u57a2\u67d3\u4e4b\u96a8\u89e3\u812b\u5206\u5584\u9053\uff0c\u96e2\u679c\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u76e1\u96e2\u8af8\u57a2\u4e14\u529f\u5fb7\u73fe\u524d\uff0c\u6240\u96e2\u70ba\u4f9d\u65bc\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7fd2\u6c23\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u4e4b\u516b\u8b58\u805a\u53ca\u7fd2\u6c23\u3002\u82e5\u4f9d\u5bc6\u5492\uff08\u4e58\uff09\uff0c\u5247\u6b64\u56db\u8005\u53ef\u540d\u70ba\u6de8\u57fa\uff08sbyang gzhi\uff09\u3001\u80fd\u6de8\uff08sbyong byed\uff09\u3001\u6de8\u679c\uff08sbyangs \u2018bras\uff09\u3001\u6240\u6de8\uff08sbyang bya\uff09\uff0c\u540d\u96d6\u76f8\u7570\uff0c\u7fa9\u5247\u540c\u4e00\u3002\u5982\u662f\u672c\u6027\u4e2d\uff0c\u7121\u660e\u4e4b\u81ea\u6027\u5373\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7fd2\u6c23\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff0c\u4e0d\u6de8\u8f2a\u8ff4\u4e4b\u56e0\u3001\u8b58\u805a\u4ee5\u53ca\u96a8\u89e3\u812b\u5206\u4e4b\u6709\u70ba\u5584\u6cd5\u7686\u4ee5\u7121\u6240\u4f9d\u4e4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u9577\u4e45\u4f9d\u65bc\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7fd2\u6c23\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u3002<br \/>\n\u5fa9\u6b21\uff0c\u5c31\u6d85\u69c3\u529f\u5fb7\u4f9d\u65bc\uff08\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff09\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5247\u540d\u70ba\u95dc\u806f\u771f\u5be6\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff0c\u9ad4\u6027\u70ba\u7a7a\uff0c\u81ea\u76f8\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u5927\u60b2\u5468\u904d\uff0c\u5982\u5982\u610f\u5bf6\u822c\u4efb\u904b\u6210\u5c31\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u7121\u57a2\u7121\u96e2\u57a2\uff0c\u4ea6\u540d\u70ba\u672c\u4f86\u5149\u660e\u3001\u8eab\u667a\u7121\u96e2\u5408\u4e4b\u5bc6\u610f\u5be6\u76f8\uff08ye nas \u2018od gsal ba sku dang ye shes \u2018du \u2018bral med pa\u2019i dgongs pa gnas lugs\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u5f9e\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\u4e4b\u89d2\u5ea6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u96d6\u53ef\u65bd\u8a2d\u70ba\u5982\u865b\u7a7a\u3001\u7121\u76f8\u3001\u7a7a\u6027\u3001\u73fe\u524d\u7121\u70ba\u7b49\uff0c\u7136\u5176\u4e26\u975e\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u6709\u4e4b\u65b7\u6ec5\u7a7a\uff0c\u5f7c\u80fd\u4efb\u904b\u6210\u5c31\u8eab\u667a\u5149\u660e\u4e4b\u5bc6\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u89e3\u812b\u8f2a\u8ff4\u8af8\u6cd5\u6545\u8aaa\u70ba\u7a7a\uff0c\u300a\u5bc6\u56b4\u7d93\u300b\u6709\u4e91<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vbatoronto.org\/zh\/?p=1190#_ftn50\" name=\"_ftnref50\">[50]<\/a>\uff1a<br \/>\n\u768e\u6f54\u4e4b\u6708\u8f2a &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6046\u7121\u57a2\u76c8\u6eff<br \/>\n\u4e16\u9593\u4ee5\u6642\u6545&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;\u5206\u5225\u6708\u76c8\u8667<br \/>\n\u5982\u662f\u963f\u8cf4\u8036&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;\u6046\u5177\u5982\u4f86\u85cf<br \/>\n\u4f5b\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;\u540d\u70ba\u963f\u8cf4\u8036<br \/>\n\u51e1\u611a\u4e0d\u77e5\u6b64&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;\u4ee5\u8af8\u7fd2\u6c23\u6545<br \/>\n\u898b\u7a2e\u7a2e\u82e6\u6a02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;\u696d\u529b\u96dc\u67d3\u76f8<br \/>\n\u81ea\u6027\u6de8\u7121\u57a2 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u529f\u5fb7\u5982\u5bf6\u73e0<br \/>\n\u7121\u9077\u4ea6\u7121\u8b8a &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u901a\u9054\u5247\u89e3\u812b<br \/>\n\u6148\u6c0f\u6709\u4e91[51] \uff1a<br \/>\n\u65bc\u6cd5\u7121\u6240\u6e1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;\u4ea6\u5fa9\u7121\u6240\u589e<br \/>\n\u5982\u5be6\u898b\u771f\u5be6 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u898b\u6b64\u5f97\u89e3\u812b<br 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\/>\n\u81ea\u7136\u5b89\u4f4f\u65bc\u5fc3\u6027\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u552f\u8b77\u6301\u660e\uff08gsal\uff09\u8207\u89ba\uff08rig\uff09\uff0c\u9042\u4f4f\u65bc\u610f\u8b58\u9020\u4f5c\u4e4b\u6f84\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5fc3\u57f7\u65bc\u9811\u7a7a\uff0c\u7336\u5982\u5fc3\u8b58\u5df2\u88ab\u7a7a\u6389\uff0c\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u7121\u975e\u662f\u4ee5\u610f\u8b58\u5206\uff08yid shes kyi cha\uff09\u8caa\u57f7\u4e8c\u53d6\u4e4b\u89ba\u53d7\u3002\u660e\u8207\u57f7\u660e\u8005\u3001\u7a7a\u8207\u57f7\u7a7a\u8005\u4e4b\u5fc3\u8b58\u5373\u57f7\u5ff5\u4e4b\u76f8\u7e8c\uff08dran \u2019dzin pa gyi 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\/>\n\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u672c\u89ba\u9060\u96e2\u7a2e\u7a2e\u4f3a\u5bdf\u89ba\u53d7\u4e4b\u5916\u6bbc\uff0c\u7336\u5982\u812b\u6bbc\u4e4b\u7a40\u7c92\uff0c\u7576\u4f9d\u6cd5\u6027\u4e4b\u672c\u6027\u81ea\u660e\u5c0d\u5176\u4f5c\u8fa8\u8a8d\u3002\u50c5\u50c5\u8a8d\u8b58\u672c\u89ba\u4e26\u4e0d\u8db3\u5920\uff0c\u61c9\u65bc\u5176\u72c0\u614b\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e32\u7fd2\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4ee4\u6b62\u5206\uff08gnas cha\uff09\u5f97\u5805\u7a69\u3002\u5fc3\u8b58\u81ea\u7136\u5b89\u4f4f\uff0c\u8b77\u6301\u6b64\u6b63\u5ff5\u4e4b\u76f8\u7e8c\uff0c\u7121\u6709\u6e19\u6563\uff0c\u6b64\u6975\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u662f\u8b77\u6301\u6642\uff0c\u6216\u751f\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u6709\u4e4b\u51e1\u611a\u7121\u5ff5\uff0c\u6216\u751f\u52dd\u89c0\u6f84\u660e\u5206\u4e4b\u901a\u900f\u7121\u5ff5\uff0c\u6216\u5177\u6a02\u53d7\u4e4b\u8caa\u57f7\uff0c\u6216\u7121\u6a02\u53d7\u4e4b\u8caa\u57f7\uff0c\u6216\u5177\u7a2e\u7a2e\u660e\u5206\u89ba\u53d7\u4e4b\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u6216\u751f\u6f84\u660e\u7121\u57a2\u96e2\u57f7\u8457\uff08\u4e4b\u89ba\u53d7\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u751f\u7c97\u91cd\u4e0d\u6085\u4e4b\u89ba\u53d7\uff0c\u6216\u751f\u67d4\u548c\u6085\u610f\u4e4b\u89ba\u53d7\uff0c\u6216\u56e0\u731b\u70c8\u5206\u5225\u4e4b\u5de8\u5927\u969c\u7919\u800c\u6b32\u653e\u68c4\u89c0\u4fee\uff0c\u6216\u56e0\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fa8\u5225\u660f\u6627\u8207\u6f84\u660e\u800c\u5177\u67d3\u6c61\uff08\u4e4b\u89ba\u53d7\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u7b49\u89ba\u53d7\u4e4b\u751f\u8d77\u7686\u56e0\u7121\u59cb\u4ee5\u4f86\u7a2e\u7a2e\u4e32\u7fd2\u8207\u696d\u98a8\u4e4b\u6ce2\u6d6a\u7121\u53ef\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8207\u638c\u63a7\u3002<br \/>\n\u7336\u5982\u9060\u884c\u9014\u4e2d\uff0c\u898b\u8af8\u6085\u610f\u8207\u96aa\u5cfb\u4e4b\u5883\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u986f\u73fe\u4f55\u7a2e\uff08\u5883\u754c\uff09\u7686\u52ff\u5c08\u57f7\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u8b77\u6301\u81ea\u9053\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u65bc\u5c1a\u672a\u719f\u7df4\u4e4b\u6642\uff0c\u7a2e\u7a2e\u5206\u5225\u5982\u706b\u71be\u71c3\uff0c\u9042\u751f\u52d5\u6416\u4e4b\u89ba\u53d7\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7169\u8e81\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u9b06\u7dca\u9069\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u6368\uff08\u6b63\u5ff5\u4e4b\uff09\u76f8\u7e8c\uff0c\uff08\u7e7c\u7e8c\uff09\u8b77\u6301\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u5373\u53ef\u9010\u6f38\u751f\u8d77\u201c\u5f97\u53d7\u201d\u7b49\u5f8c\u7e8c\u4e4b\u7a2e\u7a2e\u89ba\u53d7\u3002<br \/>\n\u7e3d\u4e4b\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u61c9\u4f9d\u4e0a\u5e2b\u4e4b\u53e3\u8a23\uff0c\u65bc\u5be6\u4fee\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u8fa8\u8b58\u3001\u6c7a\u5b9a\u672c\u89ba\u8207\u7121\u660e\u3001\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8207\u6cd5\u8eab\u3001\u8b58\u8207\u667a\u4e4b\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u6c34\u82e5\u4e0d\u6643\u52d5\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u5f97\u6f84\u6de8\uff0c\u540c\u6b64\uff0c\u65bc\u8b77\u6301\u4e4b\u6642\uff0c\u9700\u4ee4\u5fc3\u8b58\u5b89\u4f4f\u65bc\u672c\u4f4d\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4ee4\u5176\u6cd5\u6027\u672c\u667a\u662d\u7136\u81ea\u986f\u73fe\uff0c\u6b64\u53e3\u8a23\u7576\u8457\u91cd\u4fee\u6301\u3002\u4e0d\u61c9\u4f3a\u5bdf\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u4fee\u70ba\u8b58\u6291\u6216\u70ba\u667a\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4f5c\u53d6\u6368\uff1b\u4ea6\u4e0d\u61c9\u53cd\u5fa9\u5c0d\u7167\u66f8\u672c\u800c\u4f5c\u601d\u8fa8\uff0c\u5f7c\u65bc\u6b62\u89c0\u4e8c\u8005\u7686\u7565\u6709\u6240\u7919\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u5b89\u4f4f\u4e4b\u6b63\u5ff5\u6d41\u5f97\u5805\u7a69\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c07\u6b64\u5bc2\u6b62\u4e32\u7fd2\u5206\u8207\u81ea\u660e\u81ea\u89ba\u672c\u4f86\u9762\u76ee\u4e4b\u52dd\u89c0\u81ea\u7136\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u82e5\u4ee5\u6b64\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e32\u7fd2\u81f3\u5805\u7a69\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u751f\u8d77\u81ea\u7136\u672c\u4f4f\u3001\u81ea\u6027\u5149\u660e\u4e4b\u6b62\u89c0\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u672c\u4f86\u7121\u5225\u4e4b\u81ea\u751f\u667a\u3001\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u4e4b\u5bc6\u610f\u3002\u6b64\u4e43\u201c\u5b89\u4f4f\u65bc\u5982\u865b\u7a7a\u4e4b\u5e73\u7b49\u6027\u201d\u4e4b\u53e3\u8a23\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u4e32\u7fd2\u4e4b\u91cf\u61c9\u4f9d\u591c\u9593\u4e4b\u5149\u660e\u4f5c\u8a8d\u5b9a\uff0c\u6b63\u9053\u4e4b\u5fb5\u76f8\u7576\u4f9d\u81ea\u7136\u589e\u9577\u4e4b\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3001\u60b2\u5fc3\u8207\u667a\u6167\u7b49\u800c\u4e86\u77e5\u3002\u5176\u65b9\u4fbf\u8207\u6613\u884c\u7576\u4f9d\u81ea\u8eab\u89ba\u53d7\u800c\u4e86\u77e5\uff0c\u5176\u751a\u6df1\u8207\u8fc5\u6377\u8005\uff0c\u61c9\u7531\u53c3\u7167\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u6975\u5927\u7cbe\u52e4\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u5176\u4fee\u9053\u8005\u6bd4\u8f03\u8b49\u91cf\u800c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u89c0\u4fee\u81ea\u5fc3\u5149\u660e\u6240\u5f97\u4e4b\u679c\u8005\uff0c\u5373\uff08\u5fc3\u5149\u660e\uff09\u4e0a\u4e4b\u5206\u5225\u8207\u7fd2\u6c23\u57a2\u969c\u81ea\u7136\u6e05\u6de8\u6642\uff0c\u5c07\u7121\u52de\u800c\u5713\u6eff\u4e8c\u7a2e\u667a\uff0c\u5f97\u672c\u521d\u4e4b\u6046\u5e38\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e14\u4efb\u904b\u6210\u5c31\u4e09\u8eab\u3002<br \/>\n\u751a\u6df1\uff01\u79d8\u5bc6\uff01\u4e09\u6627\u8036\uff01<br \/>\n\u7b2c\u5341\u4e94\u52dd\u751f\u9031\uff0c\u706b\u99ac\u5e74\uff08\u897f\u51431906\u5e74\uff091\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u7279\u70ba\u4e0d\u80fd\u7cbe\u9032\u65bc\u805e\u601d\uff0c\u53c8\u6b32\u4fee\u6301\u5fc3\u6027\u4e4b\u5728\u5bb6\u5492\u58eb\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u6613\u89e3\u4e4b\u8a9e\u8a00\u5ba3\u8aaa\u8af8\u5177\u8b49\u9577\u8001\u4e4b\u751a\u6df1\u5be6\u4fee\u7ac5\u8a23\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0d\u6557\u6587\u6b8a\u91d1\u525b\u9020\u3002\u5584\u54c9\uff0c\u9858\u5409\u7965\uff01<\/p>\n<h1><strong>_____________________________________<\/strong><\/h1>\n[1]\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7384\u5958\u65bc\u300a\u6210\u552f\u8b58\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u4ea6\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u589e\u58f9\u7d93\u4e2d\u4ea6\u5bc6\u610f\u8aaa\u6b64\u540d\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u3002\u8b02\u611b\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff0c\u6a02\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff0c\u6b23\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff0c\u6199\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n[2] \u5927\u6b63\uff0c\u537731\uff0cNo. 134a\u3002<\/p>\n[3] \u6708\u8f2a\u8ce2\u9686\uff0c\uff1c\u5c0f\u4e58\u5178\u7c4d\u306b\u65bc\u3051\u308b\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff1e\uff0c\u6536\u65bc\u6c0f\u8457\u300a\u4f5b\u5178\u306e\u6279\u5224\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u4eac\u90fd\uff1a\u767e\u83ef\u82d1\uff0c1971\u5e74\uff0c\u9801181\u3002<\/p>\n[4] \u6709\u5b78\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u6199\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff08\u0101laya-abhir\u0101ma\uff09\u70ba\u5f8c\u4f86\u6240\u52a0\uff0c\\\u53c3\u898b\u9577\u5c3e\u96c5\u4eba\uff1a\u300a\u651d\u5927\u4e58\u8ad6\u2014\u548c\u8b6f\u3068\u8a3b\u89e3\u300b\uff0c\u6771\u4eac\uff1a\u8b1b\u8ac7\u793e\uff0c1982\u5e74\uff0c\u9801119-120\u3002<\/p>\n[5] \u9673\u4e00\u6a19\uff0c\u201c\u6709\u95dc\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7684\u8b8a\u9077\u201d\uff0c\u6536\u300a\u5713\u5149\u5b78\u5831\u300b\u7b2c\u56db\u671f\uff0c\u6843\u6e90\u7e23\uff1a\u5713\u5149\u4f5b\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c2000\u5e74\uff0c\u980184-85\u3002<\/p>\n[6] \u300a\u5927\u6bd8\u5a46\u6c99\u8ad6\u300b\u5377\u516d\u5341\u4e94\uff0c\u5927\u6b63\u4e8c\u4e03\u2022338a\u3002<\/p>\n[7] \u300a\u5927\u6bd8\u5a46\u6c99\u8ad6\u300b\u5377\u4e00\u767e\u56db\u5341\u4e94\uff0c\u5927\u6b63\u4e8c\u4e03\u2022746c\u3002<\/p>\n[8] &nbsp;&nbsp;\u5373\u8caa\u3001\u55d4\u3001\u75f4\u3002<\/p>\n[9] &nbsp;&nbsp;\u5373\u7011\u6d41\u3001\u6709\u7011\u6d41\u3001\u898b\u7011\u6d41\u3001\u7121\u660e\u7011\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n[10] \u5927\u6b63\u4e8c\u4e5d\u202787c\u3002<\/p>\n[11] &nbsp;\u52dd\u5442\u4fe1\u975c\u3001\u5b87\u4e95\u4f2f\u58fd\u3001\u88b4\u8c37\u61b2\u662d\u7b49\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u6b64\u4ea6\u5404\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u53c3\u9673\u4e00\u6a19\u4e0a\u63ed\u6587\uff0c\u980177-78\u3002<\/p>\n[12] \u5927\u6b63\u5341\u516d\uff0cNo. 692b\u3002<\/p>\n[13]&nbsp; \u52dd\u5442\u4fe1\u975c,\u201c\u30a2\u30e9\u30e4\u8b58\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u201d,\u7530\u6751\u82b3\u6717\u535a\u58eb\u9084\u6b77\u7d00\u5ff5\u8ad6\u96c6\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u7406\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u300b,\u6771\u4eac:\u6625\u79cb\u793e,1982\u5e74,\u980163-65\u3002<\/p>\n[14]&nbsp; \u5927\u6b63\u4e09\u4e00\uff0e7c\u3002<\/p>\n[15]&nbsp; \u8ac7\u932b\u6c38\u4e0a\u5e2b\u70ba\u6f22\u571f\u5b78\u754c\u4e2d\u5c11\u6578\u66fe\u660e\u78ba\u6307\u51fa\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8207\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\u4e0d\u540c\u8005\uff0c\u53c3\u8ac7\u932b\u6c38\uff0c\u300a\u56db\u91cd\u7de3\u8d77\u6df1\u822c\u82e5\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5168\u4f5b\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2005\u5e74\uff0c\u9801382 \u3002<\/p>\n[16]&nbsp; \u4f8b\u5982\u667a\u8ecd\uff08\u7d04\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\uff09\u6240\u9020\u4e4b\u300a\u898b\u5dee\u5225\u300b\uff08lTa ba\u2019i khyad par\uff09\u4e2d\u5373\u6709\u8a00\uff1a<br \/>\n\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\u8005\uff0c\u4e43\u5584\u3001\u4e0d\u5584\u8207\u7121\u8a18\u4e4b\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7a2e\u5b50\u4e4b\u57fa\uff0c\u6545\u70ba\u300c\u666e\u57fa\u300d\uff08\u0101laya\uff0c\u85cf\uff09\u3002 \uff08kun gzhi rnam par shes pa ni dge ba dang mi dge ba dang lung du ma bstan pa\u2019i chos thams cad kyi sa bon gyi gzhi yin pas kun gzhi\u2019o\uff09<br \/>\n\u4f9d\u90b5\u980c\u96c4\u8b6f\uff0c\u53c3\u6566\u73e0\u6cd5\u738b\u7b49\u8457\uff0c\u8ac7\u932b\u6c38\u3001\u6c88\u885b\u69ae\u3001\u90b5\u980c\u96c4\u3001\u8a31\u932b\u6069\u8b6f\u8457\uff0c\u300a\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u56db\u90e8\u5b97\u7fa9\u91cb\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5168\u4f5b\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2008\u5e74\uff0c\u9801273\u3002<\/p>\n[17] \u300a\u79aa\u5b9a\u76ee\u70ac\u300b\uff0cLeh: S.W. Tashigangpa\uff0c1974\u5e74\uff0c\u98012\u3002<\/p>\n[18]&nbsp; \u53c2Samten Gyaltsen Karmay, <em>The Great Perfection (rDzogs chen): A Philosophical and Meditative Teaching of Tibetan Buddhism (Second edition)<\/em>, Leiden &amp; Boston: Brill, 2007, \u9801178\u3002<\/p>\n[19]\u5373\u986f\u4e58\u3002<\/p>\n[20]\u5373\u5bc6\u4e58\u3002<\/p>\n[21]\u53c3\u7d68\u5b8b\u6cd5\u8ce2,\u300a\u7d68\u6851\u66f2\u677e\u6587\u96c6\u300b,\u6210\u90fd:\u56db\u5ddd\u6c11\u65cf\u51fa\u7248\u793e,199\u5e74,\u7b2c2\u5377,\u9801545\u3002<\/p>\n[22]\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u85cf\u571f\u5c0d\u65bc\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\u7684\u81ea\u751f\u91d1\u525b\uff08Rang byung rdo rje, 1284-1339\uff09\u4e5f\u5c0d\u8a72\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u8a00\u201c\u963f \u8cf4\u8036\u201d\u800c\u4e0d\u8a00\u201c\u8b58\u201d\uff0c\u5247\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u4ea6\u53ef\u6307\u771f\u5982\uff1a\u2019di yang kun gzhi zhes bya ba la rnam par shes pa\u2019i sgra ma smos na de bzhin nyid la yang kun gzhis brjod du rung ba \u2018i phyir rnam par shes pa smos so \/\/\uff0c\u53c3\u300a\u751a\u6df1\u5167\u7fa9\u80fd\u986f\u91cb\u300b\uff08Zab mo nang gi don gsal bar byed pa\u2019i grel pa\uff09\uff0c\u6536\u300a\u81ea\u751f\u91d1\u525b\u6587\u96c6\u300b\uff08Rang byung rdo rje gsung \u2018bum\uff09\uff0c\u897f\u5be7\uff1a\u7c97\u666e\u582a\u5e03\u6d1b\u4e9e\u624e\u897f\uff0c\u7b2c7\u5377\uff0c\u9801383\u3002\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7684\u6735\u6ce2\u5df4\u2022\u667a\u6167\u5e62\uff08Dol po pa shes rab rgyal mtshan, 1292-1361\uff09\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u667a\uff08ye shes\uff09\u8207\u8b58\uff08rnams shes\uff09\u5169\u5206\uff1akun gzhi la ye shes dang rnams shes su \u2018byed pa\u2026 \/\uff0c\u53c3\u300a\u5c71\u6cd5\u4e86\u7fa9\u6d77\u8ad6\u300b\uff08Ri chos nges don rgya mtsho\uff09\uff0c\u8cc8\u5eb7\u5df4\uff08rGyal khams pa\uff09\uff0c\u7121\u51fa\u7248\u65e5\u671f\u8207\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u980184\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5404\u6d3e\u4e4b\u9593\u5c0d\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u4e00\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u65bc\u540c\u4e00\u6d3e\u5225\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8ad6\u5e2b\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u8ad6\u5e2b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4ea6\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u5b89\u7acb\uff0c\u7531\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5373\u53ef\u4e86\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n[23]\u8a72\u6bb5\u5f15\u6587\u4e26\u4e0d\u898b\u65bc\u300a\u745c\u4f3d\u5e2b\u5730\u8ad6\u2022\u83e9\u85a9\u5730\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n[24]\u85cf \u6587\uff1a\u2019di ltar yul gang la\u2019ang mi rtog par yengs nas rtse gcig pa ni kun gzhi\u2019i skabs so \/ snang yul sa ler mthong dus lhan ner gang du\u2019ang mi rtog pa ni kun gzhi\u2019i rnam shes kyi skabs so \/ de\u2019i tshe yul so sor gsal la rnam par shar pa rig pa ni sgo lnga\u2019i shes pa dang \/ yul gang rung la dang por skad cig gis gzung bar shar ba dang \/ gnyis par dpyod byed nyon mongs su \u2018 dres te \u2018dzin par shar ba ni yid dang yid shes kyi skabs te tshogs bdun no \/ byang chub sems dpa\u2019i sa las \/ yul dang rjes su ma \u2018brel bar mi rtog pa ni kun gzhi\u2019i gnas skabs so \/ yul dang \u2018brel bar mi rtog pa ni kun gzhi\u2019i rnam par shes pa\u2019i gnas skabs so \/ yul so sor rig pa\u2019i rnam pa ni sgo lnga\u2019i rnam par shes pa\u2019i gnas skabs so yul la dang por rtog pa dang \/ rjes su dpyod pas gzung ba dang \u2018dzin par skyes pa ni yid kyi rnam par shes pa dang \/ nyon mongs pa can gyi yid kyi gnas skabs so zhes so \/\/\u300a\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u5fc3\u6027\u4fee\u7fd2\u5927\u8eca\u758f\u300b\uff08rDzogs pa chen po sems nyid ngal gso\u2019i \u2018grel pa shing rta chen po \uff09\uff0c\u5676\u9640\u7248\u5be7\u746a\u6559\u50b3\u5ee3\u96c6\uff08bKa\u2019 ma shin tu rgyas pa (Ka\u1e25 thog)\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c100\u51fd\uff0c\u9801268-269\u3002<\/p>\n[25]\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801261\u3002<\/p>\n[26]\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u4e00\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u53ef\u53c3\u6467\u9b54\u6d32\u5c0a\u8005\u9020\u8ad6\uff0c\u8ac7\u932b\u6c38\u5c0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u8a31\u932b\u6069\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u300a\u7121\u4fee\u4f5b\u9053\u2014\u2014\u73fe\u8b49\u81ea\u6027\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u672c\u4f86\u9762\u76ee\u6559\u6388\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5168\u4f5b\u6587\u5316\uff0c2009\u5e74\uff0c\u9801165\u3002<\/p>\n[27]&nbsp; \u85cf\u6587\uff1alas sog pa\u2019i sgo ni yid kyi dbang po dang \/ sgo lnga\u2019i dbang po rten dang bcas pa\u2019o \/ sog byed nyon mongs pa can gyi yid dang \/ dge bar sems pa\u2019i yid \/ yid shes bar ma\u2019o \/ gang la sog na \/ kun gzhi\u2019i steng du sog go \/ de dag gi \u2019phel ba dang sog pa dang \/ \u2019bri ba la sogs pa\u2019i go \u2019byed pa ni kun gzhi\u2019i rnam par shes pa\u2019o \/\/ \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801263\u3002<\/p>\n[28] &nbsp;&nbsp;David F. Germano and William S. Waldron, \u201cA Comparison of \u0100laya-Vij\u00f1\u0101na in Yog\u0101c\u0101ra and Dzogchen\u201d, in <em>Buddhist Thought and Applied Psychological Research: Transcending the Boundaries<\/em>, London and New York: Routledge, 2006, \u980136-68\u3002<\/p>\n[29] &nbsp;&nbsp;David F. Germano and William S. Waldron\u4e0a\u63ed\u6587\uff0c\u980157\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u8a72\u6587\u7684\u984c\u76ee\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u6709\u4e0d\u59a5\uff0ckun gzhi\u5728\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u8a9e\u5883\u4e0b\u5df2\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u7a31\u70ba\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n[30]&nbsp; \u8b6c\u5982\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\u5373\u8a8d\u70ba\u8af8\u8b58\u878d\u5165\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5373\u7acb\u523b\u986f\u73fe\u57fa\u4f4d\u6cd5\u8eab\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u53c3\u4f58\u842c\u6cbb\u3001\u842c\u679c\u8b6f\uff0c\u300a\u85cf\u50b3\u5bc6\u5b97\u6c23\u529f\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u82e5\u516d\u6210\u5c31\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u6210\u90fd\uff1a\u56db\u5ddd\u6c11\u65cf\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1997\u5e74\uff0c\u9801254\u3002<\/p>\n[31] &nbsp;\u85cf\u6587\uff1ade\u2019ang \u2019dod pa\u2019i sa pa rnams gnyid du \u2019gro ba na sgo lnga nyon yid dang bcas pa\u2019i shes pa yid shes su thim \/ yid shes kun gzhi\u2019i rnams shes su thim pas gsal la mi rtog pa dar cig \u2019char ro \/ \u2019di nyid rang ngo shes pa rnams kyis de\u2019i steng du bzhag pas rmi lam med par \u2019od gsal chos nyid la spyod ces gsar ma\u2019i slob dpon \u2019gas bzhed kyang \/ kun gzhi\u2019i rnams shes chos gang la\u2019ang mi rtog pa\u2019i kun gzhir thim \/ kun gzhi chos kyi dbyings su thim pas phra rags kyi \u2019dzin pa nub la \/ stong gsal spros pa dang bral ba\u2019i chos nyid \u2019char bas \u2019di nyid ngo shes par byas na \u2019khrul pa bzlog ste \/ gsang ba ye shes rin po che\u2019i rgyud kun \u2019dus las \/ tshogs bdun kun gzhi\u2019i rnams shes su \/ thim nas kun gzhi dbyings su dag \/ de tshe gdod ma\u2019i lhan cig skyes \/ stong gsal rang byung ye shes so \/ de nyid rnal \u2019byor pas shes bya \/ zhes so \/ de las slar mched de \/ chos dbyings las kun gzhi dang \/ de las kun gzhi\u2019i rnam par shes pa dang \/ de las yid shes gcig pu langs pas rmi lam sna tshogs su shar te \/ bag chags yid kyi yul chos la bdag gir \u2019dzin pa\u2019i dus so \/ de\u2019ang rtog pa g.yo ba\u2019i rlung rnams dang \/ tshogs bdun brten pa\u2019i rtsa\u2019i rlung ro rkyang du chud nas dbu ma\u2019i nang du \u2019jug pa\u2019i tshe \/ kun gzhi sum mnyam gyi rnam par shes pa zhes bya ste \/ rlung sum mdo gcig tu mnyam pa\u2019i phyir ro \/ de nas dbu mar chud de ro gcig pa ni kun gzhi\u2019i dus te \/ gnyid mthug por song bas rmi lam med pa\u2019o \/ kha cig la rmi lam med par mtshan thog thag gnas pa\u2019ang yod do \/ de nas kun gzhi chos kyi dbyings su thim pa ni dbu ma\u2019i dbus na \u2019od gsal mchog mi \u2019gyur gyi rtsa rags pa\u2019i khams dang rlung mi rgyu ba dwangs pa \u2019od kyi rang bzhin yod de \/ kun gsal las \/ dbu ma\u2019i dbus na gnas pa\u2019i rtsa \/ \u2019od gsal mchog tu mi \u2019gyur ba \/ dwangs la dngos med gsal ba\u2019i dbyings \/ lhun grub ye shes kun gyi gnas \/ zhes gsungs pa der \/ dbu ma\u2019i rlung dwangs ma shes pa nyid la zer bas \/ de chud pa\u2019i tshe \u2019od gsal \u2019char ro \/ \u2019di\u2019i tshe snang ba\u2019i \u2019od gsal thig le dang \/ \u2019od dang \/ \u2019ja\u2019 tshon la sogs pa \u2019char ro \/ stong pa\u2019i \u2019od gsal sems nyid spros pa dang bral ba \u2019char ro \/ zung \u2019jug gi \u2019od gsal rig gsal nyams su myong ba\u2019i ye shes chen po \u2019char ro \/ de nas slar kun gzhi dang \/ de\u2019i shes pa dang \/ yid shes mched pa\u2019i tshe \/ srog pa rtsa\u2019i yid dran pa rnam rten gyi nang du rlung mched pa\u2019i dus so \/ de nas dbang po so so la brten pa\u2019i rtsa rlung zhugs pas gnyid sad de nyin snang gi yul la gzung \u2019dzin rang dgar \u2019char ba yin no \/\/ \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9801273-276\u3002<\/p>\n[32] &nbsp;\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u53ef\u53c3\u4e0d\u6557\u5c0a\u8005\u6240\u9020\u300a\u89c0\u5bdf\u57fa\u4f4d\u5fc3\u4e4b\u5149\u660e\u7fa9\u2022\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u57fa\u9053\u679c\u5224\u5225\u2022\u667a\u6167\u5149\u300b\uff08gNyug sems \u2018od gsal gyi don la dpyad pa rdzogs pa chen po gzhi lam \u2018bras bu\u2019i shan \u2018byed blo gros snang ba\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n[33] &nbsp;kun gzhi\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u68b5\u6587\u7684\u0101laya\u4f5c\u70ba\u8a9e\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70bakun gyi gzhi ma\uff08\u4e00\u5207\u4e4b\u57fa\u3001\u666e\u57fa\uff09\u7684\u7e2e\u5beb\uff0c\u53c3Germano &amp; Waldron\u4e0a\u63ed\u6587\uff0c\u980157\u3002<\/p>\n[34]\u8a72\u7e8c\u6536\u9304\u65bc\u5ef7\u5091(genTing sykes)\u7248\u300a\u5be7\u746a\u5341\u842c\u7e8c\u300b(rNying ma\u2019i rgyud \u2018bum)\u7b2c8\u51fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u6bd8\u76e7\u5341\u842c\u7e8c\u300b(Bai ro rgyud \u2018bum)\u7b2c3\u51fd,\u524d\u8005\u7684\u984c\u8dcb\u4e2d\u7a31\u8a72\u7e8c\u7531\u5409\u7965\u7345\u5b50(\u015ar\u012b si\u1e43ha)\u548c\u52aa\u4f5b\u667a\u7ffb\u8b6f,\u5f8c\u8005\u984c\u8dcb\u7a31\u52aa\u4f5b\u667a\u7ffb\u8b6f\u8a72\u7e8c\u4ee5\u4ee4\u5176\u4e0a\u5e2b\u5409\u7965\u7345\u5b50\u6b61\u559c,\u7136\u6b64\u4e8c\u8aaa\u7686\u6709\u554f\u984c,\u84cb\u56e0\u52aa\u4f5b\u667a \u751f\u5e74\u5be6\u665a\u65bc\u5409\u7965\u7345\u5b50\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u5de6\u53f3,\u53c3Dudjom Rinpoche, translated by Gyurmed Dorje and Matthew Kapstein, The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism: Its Fundamentals and History, Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1991\u5e74,\u9801497-501,608-614\u3002<\/p>\n[35]\u898b\u300a\u6bd8\u76e7\u5341\u842c\u7e8c\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u51fd,\u9801230,\u5ef7\u7d50\u7248\u300a\u5be7\u746a\u5341\u842c\u7e8c\u300b\u7b2c8\u51fd,\u9801109\u3002<\/p>\n[36] \u53c3David Higgins, The Philosophical Foudations of Classial rDzogs chen in Tibet: Investigating the Distinction Between Dualistic Mind (sems) and Primordial knowing (ye shes), Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne, 2012, \u9801192\u3002<\/p>\n[37]\u5168\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u8af8\u4f5b\u5bc6\u610f\u7e3d\u96c6\u7d93\u91cb\u96e3\u2022\u80fd\u986f\u9ed1\u6697\u93a7\u7532\u9396\u9470\u4e4b\u745c\u4f3d\u65e5\u300b(Sangs rgyas thams cad kyi dgongs pa \u2018dus pa\u2019i mdo\u2019i dka\u2019 \u2018grel mun pa\u2019i go cha lde mig gsal byed rnal \u2018byor nyi ma),\u6536\u300a\u5be7\u746a\u6559\u50b3\u5ee3\u96c6\u300b(bKa\u2019 ma rgyas pa)\u7b2c50-51\u51fd\u3002<\/p>\n[38]\u85cf\u6587\uff1ade yang theg pa \u2019og ma ba\u2019i tshul gyis \/ kun gzhi\u2019i mtshan nyid ni zag pa dang bcas pa\u2019i chos thams cad kyi rgyu dang \u2019bras bu\u2019i ngo bor gnas shing smin pa yin pas \/ shing thog smin pa dang \u2019dra la \/ zag pa med pa rnams kyi ni rten dang gnas tsam yin te \/ dug gi bum pa\u2019i nang na sman gnas pa lta bu\u2019o \/ zhes bshad \/ theg pa gong ma\u2019i tshul las ni \/ kun gzhi\u2019i mtshan nyid ni gdod ma nas byang chub kyi snying po\u2019i rang bzhin du dag pa yin pas kun gzhi byang chub kyi sems zhes bya la \/ nyon mongs pa dang gnas ngan len kyi bag chags ni blo bur gyi dri ma ste \/ gser g.yus g.yogs pa\u2019am \/ nor bu rin po\u2019i che \u2019dam du bsubs pa bzhin yon tan cung zad mi snang bar zad de \/ rang bzhin nyams par byas pa myed do \/\/ \u7ed2\u5b8b\u6cd5\u8ce2\u4e0a\u63ed\u66f8\uff0c\u9801545\u3002<\/p>\n[39] \u6709\u95dc\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u89e3\u8aaa\uff0c\u53c3\u898b\u672c\u6587\u9644\u9304\u4e00\u4e4b\u7ffb\u8b6f\u3002<\/p>\n[40] \u9019\u56db\u7a2e\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u4e4b\u540d\u76f8\u65bc\u300a\u8072\u61c9\u6210\u7e8c\u300b(sGra thal \u2019gyur)\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u63d0\u53ca,\u9f8d\u9752\u5df4\u65bc\u6b64\u5247\u5ee3\u8aaa\u4e4b\u3002\u5c31\u986f\u73fe\u70ba\u672c\u57fa(ye\u2019i gzhi)\u4e4b\u89d2\u5ea6\u800c\u8a00,\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u7121\u8ad6\u4f55\u6642\u5373\u8207\u7121\u660e\u540c\u6642\u73fe\u8d77;\u5c31\u5176\u4f5c\u70ba\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7fd2\u6c23\u4e4b\u6839\u672c\u800c\u8a00,\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u986f\u73fe\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u660e\u76f8\u8207\u5149\u83ef;\u5c31\u5176\u65bc\u5fc3\u4e0a\u6210\u70ba\u7fd2\u6c23\u4e4b\u6839\u672c\u800c\u8a00,\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u986f\u73fe\u70ba\u7a2e\u7a2e\u8b58\u805a\u53ca\u5fc3\u6240;\u5c31\u5176\u65bc\u8eab\u4e0a\u6210\u70ba\u7fd2\u6c23\u4e4b\u6839\u672c\u800c\u8a00,\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u986f\u73fe\u70ba\u8eab\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u56db\u7a2e\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6,\u53ef\u53c3Herbert Guenther, Meditation Differently: Phenomenological-psychological Aspects of Tibetan Buddhist (Mah\u0101mudr\u0101 and sNying-thig) Practices from Original Tibetan Sources, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 1992, \u9801110-111 ;\u53e6\u898bGermano &amp; Waldron\u4e0a\u63ed\u6587,\u980155-63\u3002<\/p>\n[41] \u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u6b64\u70ba\u53e3\u8a23\u90e8\u8a9e\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u540c\u65bc\u5927\u8eca\u758f\u4e2d\u6240\u8a00\u4e4b\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7fd2\u6c23\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u7121\u8a18\u4e4b\u7fd2\u6c23\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n[42] \u5676\u746a\u5df4\u81ea\u751f\u91d1\u525b\u4ea6\u9020\u6709\u4e00\u8ad6\u53ef\u8207\u8a72\u8ad6\u4e92\u76f8\u53c3\u7814\uff0c\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u8b58\u667a\u8fa8\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\uff08rNam shes ye shes \u2018byed pa\u2019i bstan bcos\uff09\uff0c\u6536\u4e0a\u5f15\u300a\u81ea\u751f\u91d1\u525b\u6587\u96c6\u300b\u7b2c\u4e03\u51fd\uff0c\u9801275-282\u3002<\/p>\n[43]\u85cf\u6587\uff1akun gzhi \u2019khor \u2019das kun gyi gzhi yin te \/ rnyog ma can gyi chu dang khad par med \/ bag la nyal gyi gti mug mgo rmongs nas \/ ye shes rig pa\u2019i dangs cha lkog tu gyur \/ chos sku rnyod ma dangs pa\u2019i chu dang \u2019dra \/ glo bur dri ma spangs pa\u2019i bdag nyid can \/ rnam grol yon tan kun gyi ngo bo ste \/ phyin chad \u2019khrul mi shes pa\u2019i ye shes yin \/ de phyir chu dang rnyog ma phye ba bzhin \/ lung ma bstan gyi cha las ldog pa yin \/ rang rig chos sku\u2019i klong du btsan su zung \/ ye shes dri med dbyings la ltad mo ltos \/\/ \u89c1\u5fb7\u683c\u7248\u300a\u65e0\u754f\u6d32\u4e5d\u51fd\u6587\u96c6\u300b\uff08<em>\u2019Jigs med gling pa pod dgu<\/em>\uff09\uff0cSikkim: Gangtok, 1985\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c8\u51fd\uff0c\u9801386-387\u3002<\/p>\n[44]\u6467\u9b54\u6d32\u4e0a\u63ed\u66f8, p. 165\u3002<\/p>\n[45]\u6467\u9b54\u6d32\u4e0a\u63ed\u66f8, p. 218-219\u3002<\/p>\n[46] \u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u6649\u7f8e\u5f6d\u63aa\u5c0a\u8005\uff08\u2019Jigs med phun tshogs, 1932-2004\uff09\u6240\u9020\u4e4b\u300a\u76f4\u6307\u5fc3\u6027\u7565\u7fa9\u2022\u958b\u555f\u6df1\u7fa9\u767e\u9580\u4e4b\u9470\u300b\uff08Sems ngo mdzub btsugs kyi gdams pa\u2019i bsdus don zab don sgo brgya \u2018byed pa\u2019i lde mig\uff09\u3001\u300a\u76f4\u6307\u5fc3\u6027\u91cb\u2022\u53e3\u8a23\u5eab\u85cf\u300b\uff08Sems ngo mdzub btsugs kyi \u2018grel pa man ngag gter gyi mdzod khang\uff09\u3001\u4e39\u8c9d\u65fa\u65ed\u5c0a\u8005\uff08bsTan pa\u2019i dbang phyug, 1938-\uff09\u6240\u9020\u4e4b\u300a\u5177\u8b49\u9577\u8001\u76f4\u6307\u5fc3\u6027\u7b46\u9304\u300b\uff08rTogs ldan rgan po rnams kyi lugs sems ngo mdzub tshugs kyi zin bris\uff09\u3001\u767d\u746a\u683c\u6851\u5c0a\u8005\uff08Padma skal bzang, 1943-\uff09\u6240\u9020\u4e4b\u300a\u6587\u6b8a\u6019\u4e3b\u4e0d\u6557\u5c0a\u8005\u4e4b\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u76f4\u6307\u5fc3\u6027\u6559\u6388\u8981\u9ede\u91cb\u2022\u6cd5\u738b\u4e0a\u5e2b\u767d\u746a\u683c\u6851\u53e3\u50b3\u300b\uff08\u2019Jam mgon mi pham rgya mtsho\u2019i gsung rdzogs pa chen po sems ngo mdzub tshugs kyi gdams pa \u2018i gnad \u2018grol chos rje bla ma skal bzang gi zhal rgyun\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u9802\u679c\u6b3d\u54f2\uff08Dil mgo mkhyen brtse, 1910-1991\uff09\u6709\u4e00\u53e3\u982d\u8b1b\u91cb\uff0c\u5df2\u8b6f\u70ba\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u6536\u300aThe Collected Works of Dilgo khyentse\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u5377\uff0c\u9801672-692\u3002<\/p>\n[47] \u4ea6\u8b6f\u70ba\u7e3d\u9ad4\u3001\u5168\u5206,\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u5225\u6240\u4f9d\u4e4b\u7e3d\u57fa\u3002<\/p>\n[48] \u4f9d\u8ac7\u932b\u6c38\u8b6f\uff0c\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u68b5\u672c\u65b0\u8b6f\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5168\u4f5b\u6587\u5316\uff0c2006\u5e74\uff0cp. 208\u3002<\/p>\n[49] \u95dc\u65bc\u5c07khams\uff08dh\u0101tu\uff09\u8b6f\u70ba\u201c\u4f5b\u6027\u201d\u4e4b\u56e0\u7531\uff0c\u8ac7\u932b\u6c38\u4e0a\u5e2b\u65bc\u5176\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u68b5\u672c\u65b0\u8b6f\u300b\u4e2d\u6709\u660e\u6670\u4e4b\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u53c3\u8ac7\u932b\u6c38\u4e0a\u63ed\u66f8\uff0cp. 24\u3002<\/p>\n[50] \u6b64\u8655\u6240\u5f15\u85cf\u6587\u70ba\u5048\u980c\u9ad4\uff0c\u5c0d\u61c9\u5730\u5a46\u8a36\u7f85\u6f22\u8b6f\u4e4b\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u5bc6\u56b4\u7d93\u300b\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u7b2c\u5341\u516d\u518a\uff0cNo. 0681\uff09\u4e2d\u76f8\u95dc\u6bb5\u843d\u70ba\u9577\u884c\uff1a<br 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