{"id":2389,"date":"2017-02-27T00:35:46","date_gmt":"2017-02-27T05:35:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/?p=2389"},"modified":"2017-04-05T04:16:06","modified_gmt":"2017-04-05T08:16:06","slug":"%e5%af%b6%e6%80%a7%e8%ab%96%e4%ba%94%e9%a1%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/?p=2389","title":{"rendered":"\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u4e94\u984c (\u589e\u8a02\u672c)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b46\u8005\u5728\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u65b0\u8b6f\u300b\uff08\u4f9d\u85cf\u6587\u8b6f\uff09\u4e2d\u9644\u6709\u300c\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u4e94\u984c\u300d\u4e00\u7bc7\uff0c\u65bc\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u68b5\u672c\u65b0\u8b6f\u300b\u5247\u672a\u9644\u6709\uff0c\u6709\u68b5\u672c\u65b0\u8b6f\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u80fd\u5c07\u300c\u4e94\u984c\u300d\u767c\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u5c07\u6b64\u7bc7\u589e\u88dc\u4fee\u8a02\uff0c\u65bc\u6b64\u767c\u8868\u3002\u539f\u6587\u4ea6\u66fe\u6536\u5165\u300a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8ad6\u96c6\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u4ea6\u53ef\u64da\u6b64\u589e\u8a02\u672c\u4ee5\u4f5c\u53c3\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2017\u5e742\u6708<\/p>\n<h5><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/apps\/Other\/BoShing5.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u4e94\u984c\u9023\u7d50<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/h5>\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5c0f\u5e8f<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>Ratnagotravibh<\/em><em>\u0101<\/em><em>ga<\/em>\uff09\u70ba\u4f5b\u5bb6\u91cd\u8981\u8ad6\u5178\u3002\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff08tath\u0101gatagarbha\uff09\uff0c\u5411\u4f86\u53d7\u6f22\u85cf\u5404\u5b97\u6d3e\u4f5b\u5b78\u5bb6\u91cd\u8996\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8fd1\u4e09\u6578\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e4b\u8aaa\u6f38\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5b78\u8005\u7adf\u8996\u4e4b\u70ba\u65c1\u679d\u672b\u6d41\uff0c\u65a5\u70ba\u4e0d\u6210\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u5373\u9020\u6210\u89c0\u4fee\u5927\u4e58\u6b62\u89c0\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u3002\u84cb\u5927\u4e58\u6b62\u89c0\u7684\u89c0\u4fee\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u5be6\u57fa\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6f22\u571f\u83ef\u56b4\u3001\u5929\u53f0\u3001\u79aa\u5b97\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u5f8b\u5b97\uff09\uff1b\u85cf\u5730\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\uff08rNying ma pa\uff09\u7684\u5927\u5713\u6eff\uff08rdzogs pa chen po\uff09\u3001\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\uff08Sa skya pa\uff09\u7684\u9053\u679c\uff08lam \u2019bras\uff09\u3001\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\uff08bKa\u2019 brgyud\uff09\u7684\u5927\u624b\u5370\uff08phyag rgya chen po\uff09\uff0c\u7686\u64da\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u82e5\u4e00\u65e6\u53d7\u7834\uff0c\u5247\u300c\u4e00\u4e58\u4f5b\u6559\u300d\u3001\u300c\u4e0d\u4e8c\u6cd5\u9580\u300d\u7686\u7121\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5be6\u70ba\u95dc\u4fc2\u5927\u4e58\u4f5b\u6559\u5b58\u4ea1\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7b46\u8005\u8fd1\u5e74\u53d6\u68b5\u85cf\u672c\u8207\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u8b6f\u672c\u300a\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u5c0d\u8b80\uff0c\u53c8\u5fa9\u53c3\u8003\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u3001\u300a\u73fe\u89c0\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>Abhisamay\u0101la\u1e43k\u0101ra<\/em>\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u518d\u8b80\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8af8\u7d93\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7d93\u300b\uff08<em>Tath\u0101gatagarbhas\u016btra<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u300a\u4e0d\u589e\u4e0d\u6e1b\u7d93\u300b\uff08<em>An\u016bnatvap\u016br\u0146atvanirde\u015ba<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u300a\u52dd\u9b18\u7d93\u300b\uff08<em>\u015ar\u012bm\u0101l\u0101devi<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u300a\u9640\u7f85\u5c3c\u81ea\u5728\u738b\u7d93\u300b\uff08<em>Dh\u0101ra<\/em><em>\u0146<\/em><em>\u012b\u015bvararajas\u016btra<\/em>\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u51e1\u4e09\u5341\u9918\u7d93\u8ad6\uff0c\u89ba\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u4e4b\u8b6f\u6709\u6240\u672a\u5b89\uff0c\u6b64\u672a\u5fc5\u70ba\u7576\u5e74\u8b6f\u5e2b\u53e3\u6388\u800c\u7b46\u9304\u8005\u7528\u8a5e\u4e0d\u7576\u6240\u81f4\u3002\u56e0\u53d6\u897f\u85cf\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u667a\u5177\u6167\uff08rNgog blo ldan shes rab\uff09\u6240\u8b6f\u4e4b\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u7121\u4e0a\u7e8c\u8ad6\u91cb\u300b\uff08<em>Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma&#8217;i bstan bcos kyi rnam par bshad pa<\/em>\uff09 \u70ba\u5e95\u672c\uff0c\u6bd4\u52d8\u68b5\u672c\u53ca\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u6f22\u8b6f\u672c\uff0c\u91cd\u884c\u7e59\u8b6f\u3002\uff08\u6309\uff0c\u4eca\u5df2\u53c8\u64da\u68b5\u672c\u91cd\u8b6f\uff0c\u4e8c\u8b6f\u8db3\u4f9b\u6bd4\u5c0d\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u8b6f\u4e8b\u65e2\u7562\uff0c\u89ba\u6709\u9918\u7fa9\uff0c\u6545\u8349\u6210\u672c\u6587\u7565\u4f5c\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u672a\u7576\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u5c1a\u5e0c\u8af8\u5927\u5fb7\u6709\u4ee5\u6559\u6211\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u9918\u7fa9\u8005\u51e1\u4e94\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1\u2027\u6f22\u571f\u76f8\u50b3\uff0c\u9020\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u8005\u70ba\u5805\u6167 \uff08S\u0101ramati\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u7591\u70ba\u5b89\u6167 \uff08Sthiramati\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u85cf\u571f\u4e00\u5411\u76f8\u50b3\u9020\u8ad6\u8005\u70ba\u5f4c\u52d2\u83e9\u85a9\uff08Maitreya\uff09\uff0c\u9020\u91cb\u8ad6\u8005\u70ba\u7121\u8457\u8ad6\u5e2b\uff08Asa\u1e45ga\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u4e2d\u95dc\u4fc2\u91cd\u5927\uff0c\u6545\u61c9\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2\u2027\u6f22\u571f\u76f8\u50b3\u672c\u8ad6\u6709\u4e8c\u8b6f\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0 \uff08Ratnamati\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f \uff08Bodhiruci\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u8b6f\u4f5c\u300c\u83e9\u63d0\u6d41\u652f\u300d\uff09\u3002\u5169\u4f4d\u8b6f\u5e2b\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u5408\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5730\u8ad6\u5b97\u4e43\u88c2\u70ba\u5357\u5317\u5169\u6d3e\u3002\u5730\u8ad6\u5b97\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u6240\u53ca\uff0c\u958b\u5c55\u651d\u8ad6\u5b97\u53ca\u83ef\u56b4\u5b97\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u53f2\u5be6\u4ea6\u6d89\u53ca\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6545\u61c9\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">3\u2027\u6f22\u571f\u4f5b\u5bb6\u6df1\u53d7\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u300c\u6148\u6c0f\u4e94\u8ad6\u300d\u7d93\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u8b6f\u70ba\u85cf\u6587\uff0c\u5c0d\u897f\u85cf\u4ea6\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u4e94\u8ad6\u4e2d\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u4ea6\u6b63\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u4e8c\u8ad6\u898b\u5730\u95dc\u4fc2\u5230\u5c0d\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6545\u61c9\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">4\u2027\u6f22\u571f\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u6240\u7834\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u5be6\u50c5\u7834\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u4e4b\u300c\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e8c\u9580\u300d\u3002\u800c\u4f9d\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5efa\u7acb\u4e4b\u5927\u4e58\u6b62\u89c0\uff0c\u5be6\u4f9d\u6b21\u7b2c\u7531\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u552f\u8b58\u300d\u81f3\u300c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u800c\u81f3\u300c\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff08\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u70ba\u5165\u4e0d\u4e8c\u6cd5\u9580\uff08\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8b70\u6cd5\u9580\uff09\u6b21\u7b2c\u3002\u56e0\u77e5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u8207\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5be6\u6d89\u5927\u4e58\u6b62\u89c0\u89c0\u4fee\uff0c\u6545\u61c9\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">5\u2027\u7531\u65bc\u897f\u85cf\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u8ad6\u5178\u7684\u50b3\u5165\uff0c\u6f22\u571f\u5b78\u8005\u77e5\u4e2d\u89c0\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u300c\u81ea\u7e8c\u6d3e\u300d\uff08Sv\u0101tantrika\uff09\u8207\u300c\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u300d\uff08Pr\u0101sa\u1e45gika\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u5224\u6559\uff0c\u50c5\u8996\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u70ba\u300c\u7c97\u54c1\u5916\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff0c\u5fa9\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u7d30\u54c1\u5167\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3002\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u96d6\u4e3b\u5f35\u300c\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u300d\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u7136\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4ea6\u4e0d\u7834\uff0c\u800c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6f22\u571f\u5b78\u8005\u537b\u79c9\u627f\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u4e4b\u8aaa\u4ee5\u7834\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9817\u6709\u8aa4\u89e3\uff0c\u6b64\u5f71\u97ff\u751a\u5927\u3002\u5be6\u5247\u7834\u8005\u5c0d\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\uff08Tsong kha pa\uff09\u4e4b\u8aaa\u65e2\u672a\u5168\u77e5\uff0c\u6291\u4e14\u65b7\u7ae0\u53d6\u7fa9\uff0c\u6545\u61c9\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e0a\u4f86\u4e94\u9805\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u7686\u8207\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u6545\u6a19\u984c\u76ee\u66f0\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u4e94\u984c\u3002\uff08\u6b64\u7528\u300c\u593e\u8a3b\u300d\u5f62\u5f0f\u5beb\u6210\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u4e00<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u9020\u8ad6\u8005\u8207\u91cb\u8ad6\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u6240\u8b6f\u5177\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u3002\u7136\u82e5\u64da\u68b5\u672c\u539f\u540d\uff0c\u5247\u70ba\u300a\u5206\u5225\u5bf6\u6027\u5927\u4e58\u7121\u4e0a\u7e8c\u8ad6\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u68b5\u6587\u984c\u540d\u4f9d E.H. Johnston \u53caT. Chowdhury\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6839\u64da H.W.Bailey \u5728\u4e2d\u4e9e\u7d30\u4e9e\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u68b5\u6587\u65b7\u7247\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caRahula S\u0101\u1e43k\u0157ty\u0101yana \u5728\u897f\u85cf\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u5169\u672c\u68b5\u6587\u6284\u672c\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u6210\u66f8\uff0c\u4f9d\u6284\u672c\u6a19\u984c\uff0c\u5b9a\u8ad6\u540d\u70ba\u2500\u2500<em>The Ratnagotravibh<\/em><em>\u0101ga Mah\u0101y\u0101nottaratantra\u015b\u0101stra.<\/em>\uff08Patna: Bihar Research Society, 1950\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u53e6\u6709\u9ad8\u5d0e\u76f4\u9053\u82f1\u8b6f\u672c\u53ca\u65e5\u8b6f\u672c\u3002\u9ad8\u5d0e\u6c0f\u7684\u82f1\u8b6f\u984c\u540d <em>A Study on the Ratnagotravibh\u0101ga <\/em>\uff08<em>Uttaratantra<\/em>\uff09, Serie Orientale Roma, vol. 33. \uff08Rome: Is. M.E.O., 1966\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u5e8f\u6587\u751a\u6709\u53c3\u8003\u50f9\u503c\uff1b\u65e5\u8b6f\u672c\u984c\u540d\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff08\u6771\u4eac\uff1a\u8b1b\u8ac7\u793e\uff0c1989\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5168\u8ad6\u5be6\u5206\u5169\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u91cb\u8ad6\uff08<em>vyakhya<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\u70ba\u5048\u980c\u9ad4\uff0c\u800c\u91cb\u8ad6\u5247\u70ba\u5048\u980c\u9593\u4ee5\u9577\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u897f\u85cf\u300a\u5927\u85cf\u7d93\u300b\u6709\u4e8c\u8b6f\u672c\u3002\u984c\u540d\u70ba <em>Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma&#8217;i bstan bcos<\/em> \u8005\u5373\u70ba\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\uff1b\u800c\u984c\u540d\u70ba <em>rnam pa bshad pa<\/em> \u8005\u5373\u70ba\u91cb\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u524d\u8005\u61c9\u8b6f\u70ba\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u7121\u4e0a\u7e8c\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u53ef\u8b6f\u70ba\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u7121\u4e0a\u7e8c\u8ad6\u91cb\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6b64\u4ea6\u6709\u82f1\u8b6f\u672c\u53ca\u65e5\u8b6f\u672c\u3002\u82f1\u8b6f\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a1\uff09E. Obermiller, <em>The Sublime Science of the Great Vehicle to Salvation, Being a Manual of Buddhist Monism: The Work of \u0100rya Maitreya with a Commentary by \u0100ry\u0101sa\u1e45ga <\/em>\uff08Acta Orientalia, vol. IX, 1931\uff09\uff1b2\uff09 Ken and Katia Holmes, <em>The Changeless Nature: Mahayana Uttara Tantra Sastra by Arya Maitreya &amp; Acarya Asanga <\/em>\uff08Eskdalemuir: Karma Drubgyud Darjay Ling, 1979\uff09\u3002\u65e5\u8b6f\u672c\u6709\u4e2d\u6751\u745e\u9686\u300a\u85cf\u548c\u5bfe\u8a33\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u6771\u4eac\uff1a\u9234\u6728\u5b66\u8853\u8ca1\u56e3\uff0c1967\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4f9d\u897f\u85cf\u76f8\u50b3\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\u70ba\u300c\u6148\u6c0f\u4e94\u8ad6\u300d\uff08byams pa\u2019i chos lnga\uff09\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6545\u8aaa\u70ba\u5f4c\u52d2\u83e9\u85a9\u6240\u9020\uff1b\u9020\u91cb\u8ad6\u8005\u5247\u70ba\u8056\u7121\u8457\u8ad6\u5e2b\uff0c\u6b64\u65bc\u85cf\u5730\u5411\u7121\u7570\u8aaa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u64daE.H. Johnston\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e9e\u65b7\u7247\u4ea6\u4ee5\u70ba\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\u4e43\u5f4c\u52d2\u83e9\u85a9\u6240\u9020\uff0c\u898b &#8220;A Fragment of the Uttaratantra in Sanskrit&#8221;, <em>Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies<\/em>, Vol. VIII\uff081935-37\uff09, pp. 77-83\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u897f\u85cf\u4e8c\u68b5\u6284\u672c\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4ea6\u4ee5\u5f4c\u52d2\u70ba\u8ad6\u4e3b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u85cf\u50b3\u6148\u6c0f\u4e94\u8ad6\u9664\u672c\u8ad6\u5916\uff0c\u9918\u70ba\u2500\u2500\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u838a\u56b4\u7d93\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>Mah<\/em><em>\u0101<\/em><em>y\u0101nas\u016btr\u0101la\u1e43k\u0101ra<\/em>\uff09\uff1b\u300a\u73fe\u89c0\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>Abhisamay\u0101la\u1e43k\u0101ra<\/em>\uff09\uff1b\u300a\u8fa8\u4e2d\u908a\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>Madhy\u0101ntavibh\u0101ga<\/em>\uff09\uff1b\u300a\u8fa8\u6cd5\u6cd5\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>Dharmadharmat\u0101vibha\u1e45ga<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u672c\u8ad6\u7de8\u6b21\u5c45\u6700\u5f8c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6f22\u50b3\u4e94\u8ad6\u5247\u4e0d\u53d6\u5f8c\u4e09\u8ad6\uff0c\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u4ee5\u300a\u745c\u4f3d\u5e2b\u5730\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>Yog\u0101c\u0101rabh\u016bmi<\/em>\uff09\uff1b\u300a\u5206\u5225\u745c\u4f3d\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>Yog\u0101c\u0101ravibh\u0101ga<\/em>\u5df2\u4f5a\uff09\uff1b\u53ca\u300a\u91d1\u525b\u822c\u82e5\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>Vajracchedik\u0101-praj\u00f1\u0101-p\u0101ramit\u0101\u015b\u0101stra<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u2500\u2500\u300a\u73fe\u89c0\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u8fa8\u6cd5\u6cd5\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u53e4\u7121\u6f22\u8b6f\uff0c\u800c\u672c\u8ad6\u6f22\u8b6f\u5247\u4e0d\u4ee5\u9020\u8ad6\u8005\u70ba\u5f4c\u52d2\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u9042\u6709\u6b64\u5dee\u7570\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u800c\u64da\u6f22\u571f\u76f8\u50b3\uff0c\u5247\u8b02\u9020\u8ad6\u8005\u70ba\u5805\u6167\uff0c\u672a\u63d0\u53ca\u8ab0\u9020\u91cb\u8ad6\u3002\u552f\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u6240\u8b6f\u5be6\u5df2\u70ba\u672c\u8ad6\u8207\u91cb\u8ad6\u4e4b\u5408\u8b6f\uff0c\u6545\u5df2\u7b49\u65bc\u5c07\u91cb\u8ad6\u4ea6\u6b78\u65bc\u5805\u6167\u540d\u4e0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u52d2\u90a3\u8b6f\u672c\uff0c\u300a\u672c\u6559\u5316\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e00\u300b\u6240\u5217\u5373\u5168\u70ba\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\u5048\u980c\uff0c\u300c\u672c\u300d\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\u6216\u672c\u8ad6\u4e4b\u610f\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u520a\u672c\u5c07\u6b64\u5b57\u522a\u53bb\uff0c\u6216\u4fc2\u672a\u660e\u539f\u610f\u4e4b\u6545\u3002\u2500\u2500\u68b5\u672c\u53ca\u85cf\u8b6f\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u7121\u4e0a\u7e8c\u8ad6\u91cb\u300b\u5747\u96e3\u5206\u8fa8\u6839\u672c\u980c\u8207\u91cb\u980c\uff0c\u5e78\u8cf4\u6709\u52d2\u90a3\u6f22\u8b6f\u53ca\u85cf\u8b6f\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\uff0c\u5206\u8fa8\u5373\u4e0d\u70ba\u96e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u65bc\u5317\u9b4f\u5ba3\u6b66\u5e1d\u6c38\u5e73\u56db\u5e74\uff08\u6881\u6b66\u5e1d\u5929\u76e3\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u897f\u5143511\u5e74\uff09\u65bc\u6d1b\u967d\u4e3b\u8b6f\u4e8b\u3002\u800c\u667a\u6607\u300a\u958b\u5143\u91cb\u6559\u9304\u300b\u5247\u8b02\u300c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8b6f\u8207\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u51fa\u8005\u540c\u672c\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u672c\u8ad6\u6709\u7570\u8b6f\uff0c\u6b64\u4e8b\u4e0b\u984c\u5373\u5c07\u8ad6\u53ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u8aaa\u9020\u8ad6\u8005\u70ba\u5805\u6167\uff0c\u4e43\u83ef\u56b4\u4e09\u7956\u6cd5\u85cf\uff08\u8ce2\u9996\u570b\u5e2b\uff09\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u6cd5\u754c\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u8ad6\u758f\u300b\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c21\u7a31\u300a\u8ad6\u758f\u300b\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u8b02\u99ac\u9cf4\u3001\u5805\u6167\u7acb\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7de3\u8d77\u5b97\u300d\uff0c\u5fa9\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u5805\u6167\u83e9\u85a9\u8005\uff0c\u68b5\u540d\u5a11\u56c9\u672b\u5e95\u3002&#8230;&#8230;\u6b64\u662f\u5730\u4e0a\u83e9\u85a9\uff0c\u65bc\u4f5b\u6ec5\u5f8c\u4e03\u767e\u5e74\u6642\uff0c\u51fa\u4e2d\u5929\u7afa\u5927\u524e\u5229\u7a2e\u3002&#8230;&#8230; \u662f\u6545\u9020\u300a\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u6cd5\u754c\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\u7b49\u3002\u300d\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u56db\u5341\u56db\uff0cno. 1838\uff0c\u980163c\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4f9d\u300c\u5a11\u56c9\u672b\u5e95\u300d\u5c0d\u97f3\uff0c\u68b5\u6587\u61c9\u70ba S\u0101ramati\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u7591\u5805\u6167\u6216\u5373\u5805\u610f\uff0c\u5c0d\u97f3\u4e0d\u5408\uff0c\u53ea\u53ef\u5b58\u7591\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6cd5\u85cf\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u61c9\u4fc2\u64da\u63d0\u96f2\u822c\u82e5 \uff08Devapraj\u00f1\u0101\uff09 \u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u66fe\u53c3\u8207\u63d0\u96f2\u822c\u82e5\u7684\u8b6f\u4e8b\uff08\u898b\u300a\u8ad6\u758f\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u6cd5\u754c\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\u5247\u6b63\u7531\u63d0\u96f2\u822c\u82e5\u8b6f\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u897f\u85cf\u300c\u6148\u6c0f\u4e94\u8ad6\u300d\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5be6\u4ea6\u6709\u5176\u6839\u64da\u3002\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u8b6f\u5e2b\u70ba\u4fc4\uff0e\u5177\u89ba\u6167 \uff08rNgog blo ldan shes rab\uff0c1059-1109\uff09\u3002\u64da\u300a\u9752\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u8b02\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u65bc\u8fe6\u85a9\u5f4c\u7f85\u96a8\u667a\u8ae6 \uff08Sa\u00f1jana\uff09 \u5b78\u300c\u6148\u6c0f\u4e94\u8ad6\u300d\uff0c\u4e14\u8b02\u300a\u8fa8\u6cd5\u6cd5\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u5176\u521d\u4e26\u672a\u6d41\u64ad\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u81f3\u5c0a\u6148\u8b77 \uff08Maitr\u012bpa\uff09 \u898b\u6709\u4e00\u5bf6\u5854\u65bc\u9699\u7e2b\u4e2d\u653e\u51fa\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u59cb\u8993\u51fa\u9019\u5169\u672c\u8ad6\u5178\u3002\u4ed6\u7948\u79b1\u5f4c\u52d2\u83e9\u85a9\uff0c\u5f4c\u52d2\u73fe\u8eab\u70ba\u5176\u8b1b\u6388\u3002\u6148\u8b77\u5f97\u6cd5\u5f8c\u50b3\u8207\u6b61\u559c\u540d\u7a31 \uff08\u0100nandak\u012brti\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u50b3\u667a\u8ae6\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u5ee3\u5f18\uff0c\u4e26\u50b3\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u898b\u90ed\u548c\u537f\u8b6f\uff0c\u300a\u9752\u53f2\u300b\u5377\u4e00\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u83ef\u5b87\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1988\uff09\u3002\u53c3\u8003 George N. Roerich, trans. <em>The Blue Annals<\/em>, \uff08Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1979\uff09, pp.347-348\u3002\u4e26\u53c3\u8003\u5289\u7acb\u5343\u8b6f\u300a\u5370\u85cf\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\u300b\u3001\u300a\u571f\u89c0\u5b97\u6d3e\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6c11\u65cf\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2000\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6148\u8b77\u65bc\u4f5b\u5854\u767c\u73fe\u4e8c\u8ad6\u4e4b\u8aaa\uff0c\u6216\u53ef\u8996\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u66fe\u4e00\u5ea6\u6d88\u6c89\uff0c\u82e5\u64da\u591a\u7f85\u90a3\u4ed6\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u5247\u8b02\u5f9e\u7121\u8457\u51fa\u4e16\u5230\u6cd5\u7a31\u5f18\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u6bb5\u300c\u516d\u838a\u56b4\u300d\uff08\u00b7a\u00adabharana\uff0c\u5373\u9f8d\u6a39\u3001\u63d0\u5a46\u3001\u7121\u8457\u3001\u4e16\u89aa\u3001\u9673\u90a3\u3001\u6cd5\u7a31\uff09\u4f4f\u4e16\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u300c\u6709\u7372\u5f97\u5bc6\u5492\u6975\u5927\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u8af8\u5e2b\u51fa\u4e16\uff0c\u7121\u4e0a\u4e58\u6559\u6cd5\u53ea\u5728\u5177\u7de3\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u6d41\u50b3\u3002\u300d\uff08\u5f35\u5efa\u6728\u8b6f\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\uff1a\u56db\u5ddd\u6c11\u65cf\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1988\uff09\u6b64\u6216\u5373\u70ba\u5176\u6d88\u6c88\u4e4b\u6545\u3002\u84cb\u7121\u4e0a\u5bc6\u4e58\u6240\u4f9d\u5373\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u82e5\u53ea\u5728\u300c\u5177\u7de3\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u6d41\u50b3\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u96e3\u4ee5\u5ee3\u5f18\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u6d3e\u81ea\u9673\u90a3\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u56e0\u8207\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e4b\u6545\uff0c\u552f\u8b58\u5b78\u8aaa\u4e00\u6642\u6210\u70ba\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u53e4\u5b78\u4ea6\u975e\u986f\u5b78\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u5c0e\u81f4\u6b64\u4e8c\u8ad6\u5931\u50b3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u5247\u672c\u8ad6\u7684\u9020\u8ad6\u8005\u70ba\u8ab0\uff1f\u5be6\u5728\u5f88\u96e3\u4e0b\u5b9a\u8ad6\u3002\u6f22\u85cf\u6240\u8aaa\u7686\u6709\u4f9d\u64da\uff0c\u800c\u6f22\u65b9\u8aaa\u6cd5\u4e14\u5728\u5148\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6cd5\u85cf\u70ba\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u8449\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\uff1b\u6148\u8b77\u5247\u70ba\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u8449\u6642\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5011\u537b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u5148\u51fa\u4e4b\u8aaa\u5fc5\u5c6c\u771f\u5be6\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u59a8\u7528\u5b78\u8853\u89c0\u9ede\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u770b\u5f4c\u52d2\u3001\u5805\u6167\u5169\u4f4d\u83e9\u85a9\uff0c\u8ab0\u66f4\u582a\u64d4\u7576\u9020\u8ad6\u8005\u7684\u8173\u8272\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6f22\u571f\u901a\u9014\u5c07\u5f4c\u52d2\u8996\u70ba\u50b3\u51fa\u552f\u8b58\u5b78\u7684\u83e9\u85a9\uff0c\u5fa9\u8a8d\u70ba\u9f8d\u6a39\u4e2d\u89c0\u3001\u7121\u8457\u552f\u8b58\uff0c\u9019\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u7262\u4e0d\u53ef\u7834\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002\u552f\u8b58\u8aaa\u300c\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u7de3\u8d77\u300d\uff0c\u8207\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u4e4b\u8aaa\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7de3\u8d77\u300d\u5f77\u5982\u9694\u8def\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u5f88\u96e3\u8a8d\u5b9a\u5f4c\u52d2\u662f\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u6709\u6b64\u6210\u898b\uff0c\u5be6\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u672a\u50b3\u5165\u300a\u73fe\u89c0\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u300b\u8207\u300a\u8fa8\u6cd5\u6cd5\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53ea\u80fd\u6839\u64da\u300a\u745c\u4f3d\u5e2b\u5730\u8ad6\u300b\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u5f4c\u52d2\u5b78\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u8a55\u50f9\u5f4c\u52d2\u8207\u7121\u8457\u4fbf\u504f\u65bc\u552f\u8b58\u8207\u6cd5\u76f8\uff0c\u800c\u5c0d\u300c\u5f4c\u52d2\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u300d\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u66f4\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f9d\u300c\u5f4c\u52d2\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u300d\u89c0\u4fee\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7684\u7684\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u81f3\u65bc\u5805\u6167\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u6cd5\u754c\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\u50b3\u5165\u6f22\u571f\uff0c\u6b64\u8ad6\u4e14\u5225\u540d\u300a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u8ad6\u9ede\u8207\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u76f8\u5408\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8ad6\u984c\u7684\u4e3b\u65e8\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e2\u7531\u6cd5\u85cf\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4fbf\u81ea\u7136\u9806\u7406\u6210\u7ae0\uff0c\u5c07\u4ed6\u8996\u70ba\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u8ad6\u4e3b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u6cd5\u754c\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\u6709\u5169\u500b\u8b6f\u672c\uff0c\u7686\u984c\u63d0\u96f2\u822c\u82e5\u8b6f\uff0c\u6536\u300a\u5927\u6b63\u85cf\u300b\uff0c\u7de8\u865f\u5206\u5225\u70ba1626 \u53ca1627\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u53e6\u6709\u5225\u984c \u2500\u2500 \u4e00\u540d\u300a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8ad6\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5c0d\u5f4c\u52d2\u5b78\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5176\u5be6\u61c9\u8a72\u5be9\u614e\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5f4c\u52d2\u7684\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e26\u975e\u5c08\u8ac7\u552f\u8b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5982\u300a\u73fe\u89c0\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u300b\u5373\u8aaa\u822c\u82e5\u4fee\u8b49\u3002\u300a\u8fa8\u4e2d\u908a\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u96d6\u7528\u552f\u8b58\u540d\u76f8\uff0c\u7136\u65bc\u8ad6\u4e2d\u5224\u5225\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u908a\uff0c\u7406\u8da3\u4e00\u5982\u9f8d\u6a39\u4e4b\u8aaa\u4e2d\u9053\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u300a\u8fa8\u6cd5\u6cd5\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u5be6\u8aaa\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u85cf\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u6b64\u7686\u8db3\u4ee5\u8b49\u660e\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u53e4\u5b78\u5be6\u8f03\u552f\u8b58\u4eca\u5b78\u70ba\u5ee3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u552f\u8b58\uff08Vij\u00f1\u0101nav\u0101da\uff09\u8207\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\uff08Yog\u0101c\u0101ra\uff09\u4e26\u975e\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u3002\u552f\u8b58\u4eca\u5b78\u662f\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u9580\u5b78\u8853\uff1b\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u5247\u662f\u4f9d\u5fc3\u8b58\u4fee\u8b49\u7684\u4fee\u5b78\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u6b21\u7b2c\u89c0\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7531\u662f\u4e4b\u6545\uff0c\u552f\u8b58\u5b78\u96d6\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e4b\u5167\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u8005\u5be6\u975e\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u3002\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u96d6\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u671f\u56e0\u9673\u90a3\u7684\u5b78\u8aaa\u6210\u70ba\u986f\u5b78\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u5c07\u300c\u552f\u8b58\u300d\u8207\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u300d\u4e8c\u8a5e\u6df7\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u5be6\u975e\u5c08\u6307\u552f\u8b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u8fd1\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u4ea6\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u8ad6\u8457\u63d0\u51fa\u61c9\u6b63\u8996\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u300d\u8207\u300c\u552f\u8b58\u300d\u7684\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u61c9\u7c60\u7d71\u8996\u4e8c\u8005\u70ba\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u3002\u53c3John Makransky, <em>Buddhahood Embodied <\/em>\uff08Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997\uff09\u3001Janice D. Wilis, trans. <em>On knowing Reality: The Tattv\u0101rtha Chapter of Asa\u1e45ga&#8217;s &#8220;Bodhisattvabh\u016bmi&#8221;<\/em>. New York: Columbia University Press, 1979\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u5bc6\u4e58\u4e4b\u300c\u5927\u745c\u4f3d\u300d\uff08Mah\u0101yoga\uff09\u3001\u300c\u7121\u6bd4\u745c\u4f3d\u300d\uff08Anuyoga\uff09\u3001\u300c\u7121\u4e0a\u745c\u4f3d\u300d\uff08Atiyoga\uff09 \u7b49\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u96d6\u4e0d\u5ee2\u552f\u8b58\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u537b\u4e26\u672a\u4ee5\u552f\u8b58\u4eca\u5b78\u70ba\u89c0\u4fee\u898b\u5730\u7684\u6975\u9650\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5409\u7965\u7a4d \uff08sKa ba dpal brtregs\uff09 \u5728\u300a\u8aaa\u898b\u6b21\u7b2c\u300b\uff08<em>lTa ba&#8217;i rim pa bshad pa<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u980c\u4e91\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e58\u4e09\u7a2e<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u552f\u8b58\u8207\u745c\u4f3d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7d93\u90e8\u4e2d\u89c0\u5e2b<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\uff08\u898b\u6c88\u885e\u69ae\u8b6f\u5409\u7965\u7a4d\u300a\u8aaa\u898b\u6b21\u7b2c\u300b\uff0c\u6536\u300a\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u56db\u90e8\u5b97\u7fa9\u91cb\u300b\u9644\u9304\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u5168\u4f5b\u6587\u5316\uff0c2008\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5c07\u552f\u8b58\u5e2b\u3001\u745c\u4f3d\uff08\u884c\uff09\u5e2b\u3001\u7d93\u90e8\uff08\u884c\uff09\u4e2d\u89c0\u5e2b\uff0c\u4e09\u8005\u5747\u5217\u70ba\u300c\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e58\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u5373\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4e09\u8005\u6240\u4fee\uff0c\u5747\u4ee5\u5916\u5883\u8207\u5167\u8b58\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4ea4\u6d89\u70ba\u8d77\u9ede\uff0c\u662f\u6545\u4fbf\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u6cd5\u76f8\u300d\uff08\u8af8\u6cd5\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u73fe\u8c61\u754c\uff09\u3002\u800c\u884c\u8005\u7684\u89c0\u4fee\u8b49\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u7121\u975e\u662f\u8207\u8af8\u6cd5\u76f8\u61c9\u800c\u4e86\u77e5\u5176\u5be6\u76f8\u3002\u7531\u662f\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u5c07\u552f\u8b58\u8207\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u7b49\u540c\uff0c\u672a\u514d\u6709\u9ede\u7c60\u7d71\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u53c8\uff0c\u6b64\u300c\u7d93\u90e8\u4e2d\u89c0\u5e2b\u300d\u4e4b\u300c\u7d93\u90e8\u300d\u5be6\u6307\u822c\u82e5\u7d93\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6307\u5c0f\u4e58\u4e4b\u7d93\u90e8\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u53ca\u5f1f\u5b50\u90b5\u980c\u96c4\u53e6\u6709\u8a73\u8ad6\uff0c\u898b\u300a?\u746a\u6d3e\u56db\u90e8\u5b97\u7fa9\u4181\u300b\u5c0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5169\u9ede\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5c07\u5f4c\u52d2\u83e9\u85a9\u6b78\u70ba\u552f\u8b58\u5b97\uff0c\u5be6\u4e0d\u5982\u5c07\u4ed6\u8996\u70ba\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e58\u7684\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u6d3e\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u73fe\u89c0\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u300b\uff08\u6b64\u8ad6\u5148\u7531\u6cd5\u5c0a\u8b6f\u6f22\uff0c\u5f8c\u80fd\u6d77\u91cd\u8b6f\uff0c\u4f46\u6539\u984c\u300a\u73fe\u8b49\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u300b\uff09\u4e2d\u8868\u73fe\u5f97\u66f4\u70ba\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u80fd\u6d77\u6cd5\u5e2b\u5728\u62c9\u85a9\u4f9d\u6b62\u5eb7\u85a9\u4ec1\u6ce2\u537f\uff0c\u5c08\u5b78\u5e2b\u5b50\u8ce2\u8ad6\u5e2b \uff08Haribhadra\uff09\u7684\u300a\u73fe\u8b49\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u5ee3\u89e3\u300b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u4e8c\u5e74\u65bc\u4e94\u53f0\u5c71\u8b1b\u6388\uff0c\u8a18\u6709\u300a\u73fe\u8b49\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u6e05\u6dbc\u8a18\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u4f5b\u5b78\u66f8\u5c40\uff0c1994\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5728\u300a\u6e05\u6dbc\u8a18\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a19\u699c\u300c\u81ea\u5b97\u5373\u5927\u822c\u82e5\u5b97\u300d\uff08\u98018\uff09\uff0c\u672a\u8aaa\u70ba\u552f\u8b58\uff1b\u5f37\u8abf\u822c\u82e5\u300c\u7406\u8da3\u5206\u300d\uff0c\u552f\u95dc\u65bc\u6b64\u5206\u7684\u4fee\u6cd5\u5247\u8aaa\u5931\u50b3\uff08\u980110\uff09\uff1b\u53c8\u8aaa\u300c\u300a\u73fe\u8b49\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u300b\u4e3b\u8981\u660e\u6cd5\u76f8\u6b21\u7b2c\uff0c\u4fd7\u8ae6\u908a\u4e8b\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u5404\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e0a\u6307\u793a\u7121\u751f\uff0c\u8207\u5927\u7d93\u5408\uff08\u6309\uff0c\u5927\u7d93\u5373\u300a\u822c\u82e5\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c\u591a\u7d93\u300b\uff09\u3002\u4e2d\u89c0\u8ad6\u591a\u660e\u6cd5\u7a7a\uff0c\u771f\u8ae6\u908a\u4e8b\uff0c\u906e\u6b62\u4fd7\u8ae6\uff0c\u4ee4\u609f\u7121\u751f\u3002\u300d\uff08\u980111\uff09\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u4ee5\u5f4c\u52d2\u6559\u6cd5\u70ba\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u6559\u6cd5\uff0c\u96d6\u5165\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e58\u800c\u5be6\u975e\u5c08\u4e3b\u552f\u8b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5409\u7965\u7a4d\u70ba\u5410\u8543\u6642\u671f\u5927\u8b6f\u5e2b\uff1b\u300a\u73fe\u8b49\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u5e2b\u5b50\u8ce2\u91cb\u8ad6\uff0c\u5247\u70ba\u5f8c\u5f18\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u822c\u82e5\u89c0\u4fee\u91cd\u8981\u8ad6\u5178\u3002\u897f\u85cf\u627f\u63a5\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5b\u5b78\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u7531\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u8449\u7684\u5409\u7965\u7a4d\uff0c\u81f3\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u5f8c\u5f18\u671f\uff0c\u8fe2\u8fe2\u4e09\u767e\u5e74\uff0c\u5c0d\u5f4c\u52d2\u83e9\u85a9\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u7d42\u59cb\u672a\u5224\u4e4b\u70ba\u552f\u8b58\u5b97\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u4e26\u975e\u897f\u85cf\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u50b3\u627f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5c0d\u65bc\u7121\u8457\u8ad6\u5e2b\uff0c\u5370\u85cf\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u5747\u4e0d\u540c\u6f22\u571f\u552f\u8996\u4e4b\u70ba\u552f\u8b58\u5b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u90ed\u548c\u537f\u8b6f\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\u5927\u5bf6\u85cf\u8ad6\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6c11\u65cf\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1986\uff09\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u5f88\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\uff08\u9801136\uff09\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u7121\u8457\u83e9\u85a9\u4e0d\u50c5\u5c0d\u6148\u6c0f\u4e94\u8ad6\u9304\u51fa\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u5fa9\u53c8\u8457\u4f5c\u958b\u793a\u300a\u73fe\u89c0\u838a\u56b4\u8ad6\u300b\u3001\u53ca\u822c\u82e5\u6559\u7fa9\u7684\u300a\u6289\u64c7\u5206\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u6700\u4e0a\u8981\u7fa9\u8ad6\u91cb\u300b\uff0c\uff08\u6309\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u7121\u4e0a\u7e8c\u8ad6\u91cb\u300b\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff09\u7b49 &#8230;&#8230;\u3002\u7565\u8b6f\u672c\u7684\u300a\u660e\u53e5\u91cb\u300b\u4e2d\u8aaa\uff1a\u963f\u95cd\u9ece\u7121\u8457\u96d6\u8b49\u5f97\u4e09\u5730\uff0c\u7136\u70ba\u4e86\u8abf\u4f0f\u4e16\u89aa\u8d77\u898b\uff0c\u800c\u958b\u793a\u552f\u8b58\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9019\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ee5\u552f\u8b58\u5e2b\u8996\u7121\u8457\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u4ee5\u8aaa\u552f\u8b58\uff0c\u5be6\u5c08\u70ba\u8abf\u4f0f\u4e16\u89aa\u800c\u958b\u6f14\u3002\u9019\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6839\u64da\u70ba\u6708\u7a31 \uff08Candrak\u012brti\uff09 \u7684\u300a\u6839\u672c\u4e2d\u89c0\u660e\u53e5\u91cb\u300b\uff08<em>M\u016blamadhyamaka-<\/em><em>v\u0157tt\u012bp<\/em><em>rasannapada<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u6708\u7a31\u7684\u751f\u5352\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7d04\u70ba\u897f\u5143600\u5e74\u81f3650\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u5373\u65bc\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u8ad6\u5e2b\u4fbf\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4f9d\u897f\u85cf\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u6240\u50b3\u7684\u300c\u5b97\u7fa9\u5b78\u300d\uff08grub mtha\u2019\uff09\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u7684\u7279\u9ede\uff0c\u5373\u70ba\u4e3b\u5f35\u300c\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u300d\u3002\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u5c07\u672c\u8ad6\u6a19\u984c\u70ba\u300a\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u662f\u8996\u672c\u8ad6\u65e8\u8da3\u5373\u70ba\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u7684\u65e8\u8da3\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u8aaa\u4f86\uff0c\u8996\u5f4c\u52d2\u70ba\u9020\u8ad6\u8005\uff0c\u7121\u8457\u70ba\u91cb\u8ad6\u8005\uff0c\u5be6\u5728\u4e26\u975e\u7121\u7a3d\u7684\u9644\u6703\u8207\u4f9d\u8a17\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u8ca2\u537b\u4e9f\u7f8e\u6c6a\u6ce2\uff08\u5bf6\u7121\u754fdKon mchog \u2019jig med dbang po 1728-1791\uff09\u300a\u5b97\u7fa9\u5bf6\u9b18\u300b\uff08<em>Grub mtha\u2019 rin chen phreng ba<\/em>\uff09\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\uff1a\u3008\u8aaa\u7121\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u4e2d\u89c0\u5b97\u3009\uff0c\u5373\u8b02\u300c\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u300d\u70ba\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u81ea\u7e8c\u6d3e\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff08\u9673\u7389\u86df\u8b6f\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u6cd5\u723e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1988\uff0c\u980199\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u8aaa\u8072\u805e\u3001\u7368\u89ba\u5747\u53ef\u8f49\u5165\u83e9\u85a9\u9053\uff08\u540c\u524d\u5f15\u66f8\uff09\u3002\u897f\u85cf\u4f5b\u6559\u9918\u5b97\u6d3e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u752f\u746a\uff08rNying ma\uff09\u3001\u85a9\u8fe6\uff08Sa skya\uff09\u3001\u5676\u8209\uff08bKa&#8217; brgyud\uff09\u3001\u89ba\u56ca\uff08Jo nang\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u4f9d\u5faa\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u898b\u5730\u8207\u89c0\u4fee\u7684\u50b3\u898f\uff0c\u8207\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u6539\u4ee5\u4e2d\u89c0\u61c9\u6210\u898b\uff08Pr\u0101sa\u1e45gika-Madhyamaka\uff09\u70ba\u7a76\u7adf\u898b\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b\u4ed6\u5011\u96d6\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u5b97\u7fa9\u5b78\u4e2d\u628a\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u6b78\u5165\u300c\u4e2d\u89c0\u81ea\u7e8c\u6d3e\u300d\uff08Svatantrika-Madhyamaka\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf6\u7121\u754f\u4ee5\u300c\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u300d\u70ba\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u537b\u5c1a\u5408\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u7684\u50b3\u898f\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u5be6\u4ee5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u4fee\u8b49\u679c\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u4ee5\u8aaa\u300c\u4f5b\u6027\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u300d\u3001\u300c\u4e00\u4f5b\u4e58\u300d\u7b49\u5927\u4e58\u7d93\u5178\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\u6559\u8aaa\u3002\u4f9d\u89c0\u4fee\u7684\u5c64\u9762\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u4ea6\u7279\u5225\u5f37\u8abf\u767c\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a76\u7adf\u5713\u6eff\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\u4ea6\u5373\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7684\u73fe\u8b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u300c\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u300d\uff0c\u521d\u50b3\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e94\u7e8c\uff0c\u5747\u7528byang chub sems\uff08\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\uff09\u70ba\u6a19\u984c\u3002\uff08\u898b\u62d9\u3008\u516d\u91d1\u525b\u53e5\u8aaa\u7565\u3009\uff09\u5f8c\u51fa\u8af8\u7e8c\u59cb\u7528\u300c\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u300d\u4e4b\u540d\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u300c\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u300d\u5be6\u4f9d\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\u70ba\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u800c\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\u5373\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5177\u8db3\u52dd\u7fa9\u3001\u4e16\u4fd7\u5169\u7a2e\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\u4e14\u6046\u6642\u96d9\u904b\u6545\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5805\u6167\u7684\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u6cd5\u754c\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u958b\u982d\u4e00\u980c\u5373\u66f0 \u2500\u2500\u300c\u7a3d\u9996\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\uff0c\u80fd\u70ba\u52dd\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u300d\u6b64\u8ad6\u5be6\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5373\u53ef\u8aaa\u660e\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u8ad6\u5e2b\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\u8207\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5be6\u70ba\u300c\u6cd5\u7570\u9580\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u5f9e\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e4b\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7531\u4e0a\u4f86\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u4e3b\u5f35\u61c9\u8a72\u7dad\u6301\u5370\u85cf\u8af8\u8ad6\u5e2b\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f4c\u52d2\u83e9\u85a9\u70ba\u9020\u8ad6\u8005\uff0c\u7121\u8457\u8ad6\u5e2b\u70ba\u91cb\u8ad6\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u5247\uff0c\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u53c8\u6709\u5805\u6167\u9020\u8ad6\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7b46\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u50b3\u7684\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u5be6\u66fe\u7d93\u904e\u5805\u6167\u7684\u589e\u88dc\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u96f2\u822c\u82e5\u624d\u6703\u8aaa\u70ba\u5805\u6167\u6240\u9020\u3002\u63d0\u96f2\u822c\u82e5\u4f86\u81ea\u897f\u57df\u4e8e\u95d0\u570b\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u7576\u6642\u897f\u57df\u5373\u50b3\u672c\u8ad6\u70ba\u5805\u6167\u6240\u9020\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6cd5\u85cf\u6839\u64da\u63d0\u96f2\u822c\u82e5\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u8b02\u5805\u6167\u65bc\u4f5b\u5bc2\u5f8c\u4e03\u767e\u5e74\u51fa\u4e16\uff08\u898b\u524d\u5f15\u300a\u8ad6\u758f\u300b\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\u64da\u7384\u5958\u300a\u5927\u5510\u897f\u57df\u8a18\u300b\u5377\u5341\u4e00\uff0c\u5247\u8b02\u5fb7\u6167\u3001\u5805\u6167\u4e8c\u83e9\u85a9\u66fe\u904a\u6b62\u4f10\u81d8\u6bd8\u570b \uff08Valabh\u012b\uff09\u3002\u5fb7\u6167\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8207\u4e16\u89aa\u76f8\u7d04\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u64da\u7384\u5958\u8aaa\uff0c\u7121\u8457\u5f1f\u5b50\u5b89\u6167 \uff08Sthiramati\uff09 \u4ea6\u70ba\u5fb7\u6167\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\uff08\u898b\u300a\u6210\u552f\u8b58\u8ad6\u8ff0\u8a18\u300b\u5377\u4e00\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u5805\u6167\u51fa\u751f\u5e74\u4ee3\u9802\u591a\u4ea6\u53ea\u80fd\u8207\u4e16\u89aa\u76f8\u5148\u5f8c\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u80fd\u70ba\u897f\u5143\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ddd\u63d0\u96f2\u822c\u82e5\u4f86\u83ef\u958b\u8b6f\u5834\uff0c\u6216\u65e9\u4e8c\u767e\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5373\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\u5747\u6bd4\u7121\u8457\u70ba\u665a\u3002\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u6709\u589e\u88dc\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u81f3\u65bc\u5805\u6167\u7684\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u7531\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u6cd5\u754c\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\u5373\u53ef\u77e5\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u9084\u4e0d\u59a8\u8aaa\uff0c\u300a\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\u53d7\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8aaa\u4ed6\u589e\u88dc\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u898b\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u8b49\u64da\u8aaa\u5805\u6167\u589e\u88dc\u904e\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8b49\u660e\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u7d93\u904e\u589e\u88dc\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u63d0\u51fa\u5805\u6167\u589e\u88dc\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u73fe\u5728\u5148\u8ac7\u7b2c\u4e00\u9ede\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7531\u4e92\u76f8\u6bd4\u52d8\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u7e59\u8b6f\u6642\u6240\u64da\u7684\u68b5\u672c\uff0c\u8207\u665a\u8fd1\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u68b5\u6587\u6284\u672c\u53ca\u85cf\u8b6f\u672c\u5747\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u85cf\u8b6f\u8207\u68b5\u6587\u6284\u672c\u5247\u5168\u540c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u6240\u64da\u7684\u68b5\u672c\uff0c\u5be6\u70ba\u8f03\u65e9\u6642\u671f\u7684\u6d41\u901a\u672c\uff1b\u800c\u897f\u85cf\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u6240\u64da\uff0c\u5247\u70ba\u5f8c\u671f\u7684\u6d41\u901a\u672c\u3002\u5169\u672c\u76f8\u5dee\u4e09\u767e\u9918\u5e74\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u5225\u7c21\u7a31\u4e8c\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c\u6f22\u8b6f\u300d\u8207\u300c\u85cf\u8b6f\u300d\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5dee\u5225\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\u980c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5373\u91cb\u8ad6\u5048\u980c\u4ea6\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u5225\u7c21\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u8ad6\u980c\u300d\u8207\u300c\u91cb\u980c\u300d\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u73fe\u5728\u5148\u8ac7\u8ad6\u980c\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3002\uff08\u8a73\u7d30\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u65bc\u91cd\u8b6f\u6642\u5df2\u4f5c\u6821\u52d8\uff0c\u898b\u62d9\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u65b0\u8b6f\u300b\u300c\u6821\u52d8\u8a18\u300d\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u4e14\u5927\u7565\u800c\u8ac7\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6f22\u8b6f \u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u5be6\u70ba\u300a\u7121\u4e0a\u7e8c\u8ad6\u300b\u8207\u300a\u7121\u4e0a\u7e8c\u8ad6\u91cb\u300b\u7684\u4e8c\u5408\u4e00\u3002\u5176\u5377\u4e00\u5373\u662f\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\uff0c\u800c\u5377\u4e8c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5247\u70ba\u91cb\u8ad6\u3002\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\uff0c\u91cb\u8ad6\u61c9\u5168\u90e8\u5305\u542b\u8ad6\u980c\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5c31\u6f22\u8b6f\u672c\u8eab\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u60c5\u5f62\u537b\u4e26\u4e0d\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u5373\u793a\u5176\u6578\u76ee\u5dee\u7570\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u8ad6\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u91cb\u8ad6\u4e2d\u7684\u8ad6\u980c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u6559\u5316\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e00\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 18\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5168\u7f3a<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u4f5b\u5bf6\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4\u980c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u6cd5\u5bf6\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e09\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4\u980c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u50e7\u5bf6\u54c1\u7b2c\u56db\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6\u980c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e94\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 26\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 26\u980c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u7169\u60f1\u7e8f\u54c1\u7b2c\u516d\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 60\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6\u980c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u70ba\u4f55\u7fa9\u8aaa\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4\u980c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u83e9\u63d0\u54c1\u7b2c\u516b\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 26\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 26\u980c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u529f\u5fb7\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e5d\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 38\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 38\u980c \uff08\u552f\u6b21\u7b2c\u4e0d\u540c\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u4f5b\u696d\u54c1\u7b2c\u5341\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 73\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 7\u980c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u672c\u6821\u4fe1\u54c1\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 41\u980c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 41\u980c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6b64\u4e2d\u76f8\u7570\u6700\u5927\u7684\u70ba\u7b2c\u516d\u54c1\u53ca\u7b2c\u5341\u54c1\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u7b2c\u516d\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ad6\u980c\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e5d\u55bb\u8af8\u980c\uff0c\u65bc\u91cb\u8ad6\u4e2d\u5168\u7f3a\uff1b\u7b2c\u5341\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ad6\u980c\u8aaa\u8b6c\u55bb\u8005\u4ea6\u5168\u7f3a\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u82e5\u8ddf\u85cf\u8b6f\u6bd4\u8f03\uff08\u4eca\u50b3\u68b5\u672c\u540c\uff09\uff0c\u5247\u6f22\u8b6f\u6240\u7f3a\u8b6c\u55bb\u8af8\u980c\u5728\u91cb\u8ad6\u4e2d\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u9f4a\u5099\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u5171\u6709\u4e00\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u980c\u4e4b\u591a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u5f62\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91cb\u5982\u4e0b\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u539f\u4f86\u7684\u8ad6\u980c\u672c\uff0c\u5c0d\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u8b6c\u55bb\u672c\u7121\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f8c\u4f86\u9020\u91cb\u8ad6\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u7528\u91cb\u980c\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u7a2e\u7a2e\u8b6c\u55bb\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u91cb\u8ad6\u51fa\u73fe\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ea6\u5fc5\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5048\u980c\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u4e9b\u8b6c\u55bb\uff0c\u9019\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5728\u7d93\u8ad6\u50b3\u64ad\u4e2d\u5e38\u6709\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u300a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7d93\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5165\u695e\u4f3d\u7d93\u300b\u7684\u50b3\u64ad\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u5f62\u3002\u65bc\u662f\u4fbf\u6709\u4eba\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5048\u980c\u7d50\u96c6\u70ba\u4e00\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u980c\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u8ad6\u980c\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u589e\u88dc\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4ea6\u5f88\u5e38\u898b\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u91cb\u8ad6\u672c\uff0c\u5c0d\u7a2e\u7a2e\u8b6c\u55bb\u5df2\u7528\u91cb\u980c\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u9019\u589e\u88dc\u7684\u4e00\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u980c\u4fbf\u6703\u89ba\u5f97\u91cd\u8986\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u6240\u4f9d\u7684\u68b5\u672c\u91cb\u8ad6\uff0c\u4fbf\u672a\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u91cd\u8907\u3002\u9019\u61c9\u5373\u91cb\u8ad6\u672c\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6d41\u884c\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5230\u4e86\u5f8c\u4f86\uff0c\u537b\u6709\u4eba\u4ee5\u70ba\u662f\u91cb\u8ad6\u4e2d\u672a\u5305\u542b\u5168\u90e8\u8ad6\u980c\uff0c\u6709\u9ede\u4e0d\u59a5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fbf\u52a0\u4ee5\u7de8\u6b21\uff0c\u5c07\u6240\u7f3a\u8ad6\u980c\uff08\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5f8c\u589e\u8ad6\u980c\uff09\u5168\u90e8\u4f9d\u6b21\u7b2c\u6392\u5217\u6536\u5165\u91cb\u8ad6\uff0c\u537b\u522a\u53bb\u82e5\u5e72\u610f\u7fa9\u592a\u904e\u91cd\u8907\u7684\u91cb\u980c\uff08\u6240\u522a\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u898b\u7b46\u8005\u4e0a\u8ff0\u300a\u6821\u52d8\u8a18\u300b\uff09\u3002\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u7576\u6642\u6240\u64da\u7684\u68b5\u672c\u5373\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u5f8c\u671f\u68b5\u672c\u7684\u6d41\u50b3\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5047\u5982\u9019\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u5be6\u5728\u7d93\u904e\u5169\u6b21\u6539\u52d5\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u589e\u88dc\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u7de8\u6b21\u3002\u589e\u88dc\u4e00\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u980c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5373\u662f\u5805\u6167\uff1b\u800c\u7de8\u6210\u5f8c\u671f\u68b5\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6148\u8b77\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u5177\u89ba\u6167\u6240\u64da\u7684\u68b5\u672c\uff0c\u70ba\u6148\u8b77\u6240\u50b3\uff0c\u898b\u524d\u8aaa\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u4ed6\u6240\u64da\u8005\u70ba\u7de8\u6b21\u6574\u7406\u672c\uff0c\u5247\u7de8\u6b21\u7684\u4eba\u81ea\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u521d\u50b3\u6b64\u672c\u7684\u6148\u8b77\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u800c\u5805\u6167\u5be6\u4ea6\u540c\u6642\u589e\u88dc\u904e\u91cb\u8ad6\u3002\u8b49\u64da\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e9b\u91cb\u980c\u8207\u4ed6\u6240\u9020\u7684\u300a\u6cd5\u754c\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\u540c\u7fa9\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8209\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u6bd4\u8f03\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c21\u7a31\u300c\u5805\u6167\u980c\u300d\u53ca\u300c\u91cb\u980c\u300d\uff09\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4fe1\u70ba\u5176\u7a2e\u5b50\u3000\u822c\u82e5\u70ba\u5176\u6bcd<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e09\u6627\u70ba\u80ce\u85cf\u3000\u5927\u60b2\u4e73\u990a\u4eba\uff08\u5805\u6167\u980c\uff0c\u4f9d\u63d0\u96f2\u822c\u82e5\u8b6f\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5927\u4e58\u4fe1\u70ba\u5b50\u3000\u822c\u82e5\u4ee5\u70ba\u6bcd<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u79aa\u80ce\u5927\u60b2\u4e73\u3000\u8af8\u4f5b\u5982\u5be6\u5b50\uff08\u91cb\u980c\uff0c\u4f9d\u62d9\u68b5\u672c\u65b0\u8b6f\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u91cb\u980c\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u7531\u4fe1\u3001\u822c\u82e5\u3001\u4e09\u6627\u3001\u5927\u60b2\u7b49\u56db\u7a2e\u5927\u4e58\u5c0d\u6cbb\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\u7121\u4e0a\u6e05\u6de8\u6cd5\u8eab\uff0c\u5805\u6167\u980c\u8207\u6b64\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e0d\u6de8\u773e\u751f\u754c\u3000\u67d3\u4e2d\u6de8\u83e9\u85a9<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6700\u6975\u6e05\u6de8\u8005\u3000\u662f\u8aaa\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\uff08\u5805\u6167\u980c\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e0d\u6de8\u8207\u67d3\u6de8\u3000\u53ca\u5713\u6eff\u6e05\u6de8<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6b21\u7b2c\u76f8\u61c9\u8005\u3000\u51e1\u592b\u83e9\u85a9\u4f5b\uff08\u91cb\u980c\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u91cb\u980c\u8aaa\u89c0\u4fee\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7684\u4e09\u7a2e\u5dee\u5225\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u8aaa\u773e\u751f\u3001\u83e9\u85a9\u3001\u4f5b\u3002\u5805\u6167\u96d6\u8aaa\u70ba\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\u7684\u4efd\u4f4d\u5dee\u5225\uff0c\u5be6\u5247\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\u3001\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3001\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u898b\uff0c\u4e09\u8005\u540c\u7fa9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e09\u6627\u7e3d\u6301\u6cd5\u00a0 \u7518\u96e8\u96a8\u6642\u964d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e00\u5207\u8af8\u5584\u82d7\u00a0 \u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u751f\u9577\uff08\u5805\u6167\u980c\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5177\u667a\u8207\u60b2\u865b\u7a7a\u4f4f\u3000\u6ec5\u8207\u4e0d\u6ec5\u7121\u6240\u57f7<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u79aa\u5b9a\u7e3d\u6301\u7121\u57a2\u6c34\u3000\u4f5b\u4e91\u6e05\u6de8\u7a40\u7269\u56e0\uff08\u91cb\u980c\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u91cb\u980c\u662f\u8aaa\u7531\u300c\u79aa\u5b9a\u7e3d\u6301\u300d\u80fd\u751f\u8d77\u6e05\u6de8\uff0c\u5805\u6167\u980c\u5247\u8aaa\u7531\u300c\u4e09\u6627\u7e3d\u6301\u6cd5\u300d\u80fd\u4ee4\u4e00\u5207\u5584\u82d7\u751f\u9577\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e8b\u696d\u4e5d\u55bb\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u55bb\u70ba\u5982\u96f2\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u8b49\u660e\u5805\u6167\u980c\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u5957\u7528\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7565\u8209\u4e09\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u898b\u4e8c\u8005\u540c\u4e00\u610f\u8da3\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u9664\u6b64\u4e09\u4f8b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u8209\u51fa\u8a31\u591a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6545\u53ef\u8aaa\u6b64\u7b49\u91cb\u980c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u70ba\u5805\u6167\u589e\u5165\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7531\u662f\u5f8c\u671f\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u50b3\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u8aaa\u70ba\u2500\u2500\u5f4c\u52d2\u9020\u8ad6\uff1b\u7121\u8457\u91cb\u8ad6\uff1b\u5805\u6167\u589e\u88dc\uff1b\u6148\u8b77\u7de8\u6b21\u3002\u6b64\u5373\u4eca\u50b3\u68b5\u672c\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u85cf\u8b6f\u4e4b\u6240\u64da\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u6f22\u8b6f\u6240\u64da\u65e9\u671f\u68b5\u672c\uff0c\u53ea\u672a\u7d93\u6148\u8b77\u7de8\u6b21\uff0c\u800c\u5df2\u7d93\u5805\u6167\u589e\u88dc\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u518d\u5c31\u6148\u8b77\u65bc\u4f5b\u5854\u4e2d\u898b\u5149\u660e\u800c\u53d6\u5f97\u672c\u8ad6\u53ca\u300a\u8fa8\u6cd5\u6cd5\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u50b3\u8aaa\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5247\u65e9\u671f\u68b5\u672c\u6d41\u50b3\u5be6\u5df2\u6c88\u5bc2\uff0c\u81f3\u6148\u8b77\u5f8c\uff0c\u5176\u7de8\u6b21\u672c\u59cb\u5ee3\u6cdb\u6d41\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e0a\u4f86\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u61f8\u89e3\uff0c\u82e5\u5c31\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u50b3\u64ad\u53f2\u5be6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u61f8\u89e3\u4ea6\u672a\u53ef\u8aaa\u70ba\u7121\u64da\u3002\u5c07\u4f86\u82e5\u80fd\u767c\u73fe\u66f4\u591a\u6587\u737b\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u6b64\u61f8\u89e3\u5fc5\u53ef\u6210\u70ba\u5b9a\u8aaa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e8c\u00a0 \u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u8207\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6f22\u50b3\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u984c\u70ba\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u6240\u8b6f\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5510\u667a\u6607\u300a\u958b\u5143\u91cb\u6559\u9304\u300b\u5377\u516d\uff0c\u537b\u6709\u7570\u8aaa\uff0c\u8b02\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u53e6\u6709\u8b6f\u672c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u300a\u958b\u5143\u91cb\u6559\u9304\u300b\u8a18\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u8b6f\u4e8b\u4e91\u2500\u2500\u300a\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u56db\u5377\u3002\u593e\u8a3b\uff1a\u4ea6\u4e91\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u5206\u5225\u5927\u4e58\u589e\u4e0a\u8ad6\u300b\uff08\u300c\u5927\u300d\u539f\u8aa4\u70ba\u300c\u4e03\u300d\uff09\u3002\u6216\u4e09\u5377\u3001\u6216\u4e94\u5377\u3002\u65bc\u8d99\u6b23\u5b85\ufe5d\u8b6f\ufe5e\u51fa\u3002\u898b\u300a\u5bf6\u5531\u9304\u300b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8b6f\u8207\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u51fa\u8005\u540c\u672c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5176\u5f8c\u53c8\u8a18\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u8b6f\u4e8b\u4e91\u2500\u2500\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u56db\u5377\u3002\u593e\u8a3b\uff1a\u6216\u4e94\u5377\u3002\u521d\u51fa\u8207\u5bf6\u610f\u51fa\u8005\u540c\u672c\u3002\u5df2\u4e0a\u4e26\u898b\u300a\u9577\u623f\u9304\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u5167\u5178\u9304\u300b\u3002\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u4e94\u5341\u4e94\uff0cno. 2154\uff0c\u9801540a\u81f3541b\uff1b\u6b64\u4e91\u5bf6\u610f\uff0c\u5373\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5fa9\u8a18\uff1a\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u65bc\u6d1b\u967d\u958b\u8b6f\u5834\uff0c\u6c99\u9580\u50e7\u6717\u3001\u89ba\u610f\u3001\u4f8d\u4e2d\u5d14\u5149\u7b49\u7b46\u53d7\uff0c\u300c\u7576\u7ffb\u7d93\u65e5\u65bc\u6d1b\u967d\u6bbf\u5167\uff0c\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u50b3\u672c\uff0c\u4f0f\u9640\u6247\u591a\u53c3\u52a9\u300d\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e09\u4f4d\u8b6f\u5e2b\u4ee5\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u5408\uff0c\u7adf\u81f3\u4e0d\u76f8\u5f80\u4f86\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5ba3\u6b66\u5e1d\u4fbf\u547d\u4ed6\u5011\u5404\u81ea\u7ffb\u8b6f\u3002\u300c\u6240\u4ee5\u300a\u6cd5\u83ef\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5bf6\u7a4d\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u300b\u7b49\u8ad6\u5404\u6709\u4e8c\u90e8\u8033\u3002\u300d\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u4e94\u5341\u4e94\uff0c\u9801540b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8a18\uff0c\u4f3c\u89ba\u6df7\u4e82\uff0c\u65e2\u4e91\u5f8c\u4f86\u5404\u81ea\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u4f55\u4ee5\u52d2\u90a3\u7684\u300c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8b6f\u300d\u7adf\u53c8\u6703\u8ddf\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u300c\u540c\u672c\u300d\uff1f\u7136\u5247\u4eca\u50b3\u7684\u8b6f\u672c\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u8b6f\u6291\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8b6f\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5176\u5be6\u9019\u8a18\u8f09\u6df7\u4e82\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5f04\u6e05\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u7b2c\u4e00\u8b6f\uff0c\u61c9\u5373\u6307\u4eca\u672c\u5377\u4e00\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8b6f\uff0c\u5247\u70ba\u4eca\u672c\u5377\u4e8c\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u91cb\u8ad6\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u8aaa\u4f86\uff0c\u5373\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\u70ba\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u7368\u529b\u7e59\u8b6f\uff0c\u91cb\u8ad6\u5247\u8ddf\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u5408\u4f5c\u7e59\u8b6f\uff08\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u540c\u672c\u300d\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5728\u300a\u5927\u5510\u5167\u5178\u9304\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u8a18\u8f09\u3002\u8a18\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u8b6f\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u56db\u5377\uff1b\u5fa9\u8a18\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u8b6f\u300a\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u56db\u5377\u3002\u4e14\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u521d\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u52a9\u50b3\uff0c\u5f8c\u76f8\u722d\u5225\u8b6f\u300d\u3002\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u4e94\u5341\u4e94\uff0cno. 2149\uff0c\u9801269c\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6b64\u660e\u8a18\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u6240\u8b6f\u70ba\u56db\u5377\u672c\uff0c\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u6240\u8b6f\u4ea6\u70ba\u56db\u5377\u672c\uff0c\u61c9\u5373\u4eca\u672c\u5377\u4e8c\u81f3\u5377\u4e94\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5377\u4e00\uff0c\u5247\u5fc5\u70ba\u4e8c\u4eba\u76f8\u722d\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u5fa9\u81ea\u884c\u8b6f\u51fa\u6839\u672c\u8ad6\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u53d6\u52dd\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u3002\u91cb\u8ad6\u90e8\u4efd\u96d6\u8aaa\u662f\u4e8c\u4eba\u5408\u8b6f\uff0c\u5206\u624b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u4ea6\u4e00\u5b9a\u64da\u5df1\u610f\u6539\u52d5\u8b6f\u7b46\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u81f3\u65bc\u5169\u4f4d\u8b6f\u5e2b\u7684\u76f8\u722d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u7e59\u8b6f\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u800c\u5be6\u5728\u7e59\u300a\u5341\u5730\u7d93\u8ad6\u300b\u4e4b\u6642\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u5404\u81ea\u7ffb\u8b6f\uff0c\u4e43\u6210\u5169\u672c\uff0c\u7531\u5149\u7d71\u5f8b\u5e2b\u64da\u68b5\u672c\u5c07\u4e4b\u5408\u800c\u70ba\u4e00\uff0c\u5373\u4eca\u50b3\u8b6f\u672c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6cd5\u85cf\u300a\u83ef\u56b4\u7d93\u63a2\u7384\u8a18\u300b\u5377\u4e00\uff1a\u53c8\uff0c\u4e16\u89aa\u83e9\u85a9\u9020\u300a\u5341\u5730\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u7de8\u91cb\u3008\u5341\u5730\u3009\u4e00\u54c1\uff08\u6309\uff0c\u5373\u300a\u83ef\u56b4\u7d93\u2027\u5341\u5730\u54c1\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u9b4f\u671d\u52d2\u90a3\u4e09\u85cf\u53ca\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u65bc\u6d1b\u967d\u5404\u7ffb\u4e00\u672c\uff0c\u5149\u7d71\u5f8b\u5e2b\u81ea\u89e3\u68b5\u6587\uff0c\u4ee4\u4e8c\u4e09\u85cf\u5c0d\u5fa1\u548c\u6703\uff0c\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u672c\uff0c\u73fe\u50b3\u8005\u662f\u3002\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\uff0cno. 1733\uff0c\u9801122b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u5247\u4e8c\u4eba\u76f8\u722d\u4e4b\u9ede\u5230\u5e95\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u5247\u4e00\u5411\u672a\u898b\u6709\u660e\u6587\u8a18\u8ff0\uff0c\u65bc\u300a\u63a2\u7384\u8a18\u300b\u4e2d\u53ea\u5fae\u9732\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u540c\u4e0a\u8a18\u4e91\uff1a\u4e00\u3001\u5f8c\u9b4f\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u7acb\u4e00\u97f3\u6559\uff0c\u8b02\u4e00\u5207\u8056\u6559\u552f\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u4e00\u5713\u97f3\u6559\uff0c\u4f46\u96a8\u6839\u7570\uff0c\u6545\u5206\u7a2e\u7a2e\uff0c\u5982\u7d93\u4e00\u96e8\u6240\u6f64\u7b49\u3002\u53c8\u7d93\u4e91\uff1a\u4f5b\u4ee5\u4e00\u97f3\u6f14\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u773e\u751f\u96a8\u985e\u5404\u5f97\u89e3\u7b49\u3002&#8230;&#8230; \u4e09\u3001\u5f8c\u9b4f\u5149\u7d71\u5f8b\u5e2b\u627f\u7fd2\u4f5b\u9640\u4e09\u85cf\uff0c\u7acb\u4e09\u7a2e\u6559\uff0c\u8b02\u6f38\u3001\u9813\u3001\u5713\u3002\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\uff0cno. 1733\uff0c\u9801110c\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u9019\u4f4d\u5149\u7d71\u5f8b\u5e2b\u6240\u627f\u7fd2\u7684\u4f5b\u9640\u4e09\u85cf\uff0c\u7576\u5373\u70ba\u8d77\u521d\u5728\u6d1b\u967d\u6bbf\u5167\u5408\u4f5c\u8b6f\u7d93\u7684\u4f0f\u9640\u6247\u591a\uff08Buddha\u015b\u0101nta\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u4f5b\u9640\u6247\u591a\uff0c\u610f\u8b6f\u4f5b\u5b9a\u6216\u89ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5927\u6982\u7576\u6642\u4e09\u4f4d\u8b6f\u5e2b\u610f\u898b\u4e0d\u5408\uff0c\u552f\u4ee5\u52d2\u90a3\u53ca\u83e9\u63d0\u4e8c\u4eba\u722d\u5f97\u53b2\u5bb3\uff0c\u800c\u4f0f\u9640\u5247\u8f03\u6eab\u548c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u300a\u63a2\u7384\u8a18\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u4e00\u97f3\u6559\u300d\uff08\u4e00\u5713\u97f3\u6559\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u300c\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u300d\u3002\u7576\u7136\u8ddf\u4f0f\u9640\u6247\u591a\u7684\u4e09\u4e58\u6559\u4e0d\u5408\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u300a\u63a2\u7384\u8a18\u300b\u537b\u96bb\u5b57\u672a\u8aaa\u3002\u7136\u800c\u7531\u5176\u5c07\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u984c\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u7aba\u77e5\u4ed6\u4ea6\u5c6c\u65bc\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u6d3e\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f35\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5011\u5169\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u722d\uff0c\u662f\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u6d3e\u7684\u6d3e\u5167\u722d\u7570\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u5c0d\u65bc\u5982\u4f55\u8a8d\u8b58\u5fc3\u8b58\u9ad4\u6027\u9019\u4e00\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u6709\u5c90\u7570\uff0c\u662f\u6545\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u6d3e\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u771f\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u300d\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u53c8\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u6d3e\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u6709\u57a2\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u7121\u57a2\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u7684\u5b97\u7fa9\u5b78\uff0c\u5c07\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u6b78\u5165\u300c\u4e2d\u89c0\u81ea\u7e8c\u6d3e\u300d\uff0c\u5fa9\u5b9a\u7fa9\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u81ea\u7e8c\u6d3e\u300d\u70ba\u300c\u4e3b\u5f35\u6709\u81ea\u8b49\u5206\u800c\u4e0d\u627f\u8a8d\u5916\u5883\u7684\u4e2d\u89c0\u5b97\u300d\uff08\u4f9d\u9673\u7389\u86df\u8b6f\u8ca2\u537b\u4e9f\u7f8e\u6cd5\u6ce2\u8457\u300a\u5b97\u7fa9\u5bf6\u9b18\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u6cd5\u723e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1988\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5fa9\u8b02\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u81ea\u7e8c\u6d3e\u53c8\u5206\u4e8c\u652f\uff1a\u4e00\u3001\u96a8\u9806\u771f\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u7684\u4e2d\u89c0\u6d3e\uff08rnam-bden-pa dang mthun-pa&#8217;i dbu-ma\uff09\uff0c\ufe5d\u4e8c\u3001\ufe5e\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u7684\u4e2d\u89c0\u6d3e\uff08rnam-brdzun-pa dang mthun-pa&#8217;i dbu ma\uff09\u3002\u524d\u8005\u5982\uff1a\u5bc2\u8b77\u3001\u84ee\u82b1\u6212\u3001\u8056\u89e3\u812b\u8ecd\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u5982\uff1a\u5e2b\u5b50\u8ce2\u8ad6\u5e2b\u3001\u5091\u5927\u91cc\u3001\u5587\u74e6\u5df4\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5091\u5927\u91cc\u96a8\u9806\u300c\u6709\u57a2\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u6d3e\u300d\uff0c\u5587\u74e6\u5df4\u96a8\u9806\u300c\u7121\u57a2\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u6d3e\u300d\u3002\uff08\u9673\u7389\u86df\u4e0a\u63ed\u8b6f\u8457\uff0c\u980196-97\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7136\u800c\u9019\u5b89\u7acb\u537b\u8207\u6559\u6cd5\u53f2\u4e0d\u7b26\u3002\u6982\u8a00\u4e4b\uff1a\u4e00\uff09\u65bc\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5b\u5b78\uff0c\u300c\u61c9\u6210\u300d\uff08Pr\u0101sa\u1e45gika\uff09\u8207\u300c\u81ea\u7e8c\u300d\uff08Sv\u0101tantrika\uff09\u50c5\u70ba\u6708\u7a31\uff08Candrak\u012brti\uff09\u8207\u6e05\u8faf\uff08Bh\u0101vaviveka\uff09\u5169\u4f4d\u4e2d\u89c0\u5e2b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8ad6\u8faf\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e2d\u89c0\u7684\u5169\u500b\u5b97\u6d3e\u3002\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u4ea6\u76f4\u81f3\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u7d00\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u628a\u4e2d\u89c0\u5b97\u5206\u6210\u300c\u61c9\u6210\u300d\u8207\u300c\u81ea\u7e8c\u300d\u4e8c\u6d3e\uff0c\u7136\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u537b\u6700\u9072\u65bc\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u5df2\u65bc\u5370\u5ea6\u6210\u719f\u53ca\u5ee3\u50b3\uff0c\u662f\u6545\u7d0d\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u70ba\u300c\u4e2d\u89c0\u81ea\u7e8c\u6d3e\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u7b26\u53f2\u5be6\uff08\u6709\u95dc\u897f\u85cf\u5b97\u7fa9\u5b78\u81ea\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\u81f3\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u53c3\u90b5\u980c\u96c4\u64b0\u300a\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u56db\u90e8\u5b97\u7fa9\u91cb\u300b\u7684\u5c0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u6536\u672c\u53e2\u66f8\u7cfb\u5217\uff09\uff1b\u4e8c\uff09\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u5047\u76f8\u300d\u8207\u300c\u771f\u76f8\u300d\uff0c\u5be6\u6307\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u6d3e\u300c\u53e4\u5b78\u300d\u8207\u9673\u90a3\u4ee5\u5f8c\u7684\u300c\u4eca\u5b78\u300d\u4e8c\u8005\u6240\u6307\u7684\u5b97\u898b\u3002\u300c\u5047\u76f8\u300d\u7684\u68b5\u6587\u70banir\u0101k\u0101ra\uff08\u6216\u8b6f\u300c\u7121\u76f8\u300d\u3001\u300c\u865b\u76f8\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u300c\u771f\u76f8\u300d\u7684\u68b5\u6587\u70bas\u0101k\u0101ra\uff08\u6216\u8b6f\u300c\u6709\u76f8\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5be6\u76f8\u300d\uff09\u3002\u4f9d\u64da\u65e5\u672c\u5b78\u8005\u6c96\u548c\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u300c\u7121\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u662f\u8a8d\u70ba\u77e5\u89ba\u76f8\u662f\u300e\u975e\u5be6\u5728\u300f\u7684\u4e26\u4e14\u662f\u300e\u865b\u507d\u300f\u7684\u3002\u2026\u2026\u60df\u6709\u7d76\u5c0d\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u300e\u5fc3\u7684\u5149\u8f1d\u300f\u624d\u662f\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u65bc\u771f\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\uff0c\u5247\u4e3b\u5f35\u4e00\u5207\u5fc3\u8b58\u300c\u77e5\u89ba\u76f8\u300d\u90fd\u662f\u300c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5920\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u300e\u5be6\u5728\u300f\u300d\u3002\uff08\u898b\u674e\u4e16\u5091\u8b6f\u300a\u552f\u8b58\u601d\u60f3\u300b\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u83ef\u5b87\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1985\uff09\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4ea6\u5373\u5982\u6566\u73e0\u6cd5\u738b\u6240\u8a00\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5be6\u76f8\u6d3e\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u773c\u8b58\u7de3\u9752\u8272\u6642\uff0c\u9752\u8272\u5982\u5be6\u986f\u73fe\u70ba\u9752\u8272\uff1b\u5047\u76f8\u6d3e\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u9752\u8272\u986f\u73fe\u4e4b\u985e\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff0c\u65bc\u5916\u5883\u6216\u5fc3\u8b58\u4e2d\u7686\u7121\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u6545\u8f03\u5be6\u76f8\u6d3e\u7a0d\u52dd\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u5be6\u8a31\u9664\u8b58\u5916\u5225\u7121\u5176\u4ed6\u5be6\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u7121\u660e\u7fd2\u6c23\u589e\u76ca\uff0c\u5fc3\u8b58\u7121\u660e\u59cb\u6c61\u67d3\u53ca\u57f7\u7740\u8af8\u986f\u73fe\u3002\uff08\u898b\u62d9\u8b6f\u300a\u56db\u90e8\u5b97\u7fa9\u8981\u7565\u300b\uff0c\u6536\u672c\u53e2\u66f8\u7cfb\u5217\u300a\u4e5d\u4e58\u6b21\u7b2c\u8ad6\u96c6\u300b\u9644\u9304\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u300c\u5047\u76f8\u6d3e\u300d\u8207\u300c\u771f\u76f8\u6d3e\u300d\u7684\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4ea6\u5373\u662f\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u6d3e\u4e2d\u627f\u8a31\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u300d\u6291\u6216\u300c\u552f\u8b58\u300d\u70ba\u81ea\u5b97\u4e86\u7fa9\u898b\u7684\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u662f\u5b89\u6167\u8207\u8b77\u6cd5\u552f\u8b58\u5b78\u8aaa\u7684\u5206\u91ce\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u300a\u5b97\u7fa9\u5bf6\u9b18\u300b\u4e2d\u8b02\u5bc2\u8b77\u3001\u84ee\u82b1\u6212\u7b49\u96a8\u9806\u771f\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u7345\u5b50\u8ce2\u7b49\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\uff0c\u5be6\u7121\u6839\u64da\uff0c\u4e14\u8207\u6b64\u7b49\u8ad6\u5e2b\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6240\u8a31\u7684\u5b97\u898b\u4e0d\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u7684\u300c\u7121\u57a2\u6d3e\u300d\u8207\u300c\u6709\u57a2\u6d3e\u300d\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u5728\u65bc\u5fc3\u6027\u6709\u7121\u6c61\u67d3\u3002\u82e5\u8a8d\u70ba\u7576\u5fc3\u7de3\u5916\u5883\u4e4b\u6642\uff0c\u5fc3\u8b58\u96d6\u8d77\u5984\u57f7\uff0c\u800c\u5fc3\u6027\u537b\u4e0d\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u8005\uff0c\u70ba\u300c\u7121\u57a2\u6d3e\u300d\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u82e5\u8a8d\u70ba\u5fc3\u6027\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u8005\uff0c\u70ba\u300c\u6709\u57a2\u6d3e\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u5247\uff0c\u52d2\u90a3\u8207\u83e9\u63d0\u4e8c\u4eba\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u5b97\u7fa9\u4e0a\u5c6c\u65bc\u90a3\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u76f8\u722d\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u64da\u9053\u5ba3\u300a\u7e8c\u9ad8\u50e7\u50b3\u300b\u5377\u4e03\uff0c\u56e0\u4e8c\u4eba\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u300c\u5730\u8ad6\u5b97\u300d\u5206\u6210\u5357\u5317\u5169\u6d3e\u3002\u627f\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u4e4b\u8aaa\u8005\u70ba\u300c\u76f8\u5dde\u5357\u9053\u300d\uff1b\u627f\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u4e4b\u8aaa\u8005\u70ba\u300c\u76f8\u5dde\u5317\u9053\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5357\u9053\u7684\u50b3\u4eba\u70ba\u6167\u5149\uff0c\u5373\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u904e\u7684\u5149\u7d71\u5f8b\u5e2b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8d77\u521d\u8ddf\u4f0f\u9640\u6247\u591a\u51fa\u5bb6\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u6539\u5b97\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\uff1b\u5317\u9053\u7684\u50b3\u4eba\u5247\u70ba\u9053\u5bf5\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u300c\u76f8\u5dde\u5317\u9053\u300d\u6d3e\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5247\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u4f5a\u5931\uff0c\u7136\u4f9d\u5357\u9053\u6d3e\u9580\u4e0b\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5357\u9053\u4ee5\u50b3\u7fd2\u300a\u6e7c\u69c3\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7dad\u6469\u300b\u3001\u300a\u52dd\u9b18\u300b\u7b49\u7d93\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u6545\u77e5\u5176\u4e3b\u5f35\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff1b\u5317\u9053\u4e3b\u300a\u651d\u5927\u4e58\u8ad6\u300b\u5176\u5f8c\u8207\u771f\u8ae6\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u651d\u8ad6\u5b97\u5408\u4f75\u3002\u7531\u662f\u63a8\u65b7\uff0c\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u7121\u57a2\u6d3e\u300d\u7684\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\uff1b\u800c\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u5247\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u6709\u57a2\u6d3e\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u7121\u57a2\u6d3e\u8005\uff0c\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\u5fc3\uff1b\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u6709\u57a2\u6d3e\u8005\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5fc3\u6027\u53ef\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u6545\u4ea6\u7740\u91cd\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u7de3\u8d77\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7686\u4f9d\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u800c\u7de3\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u65bc\u8b6f\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u6642\u7576\u7136\u6709\u885d\u7a81\u3002\u84cb\u672c\u8ad6\u5be6\u8aaa\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8aaa\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\uff0c\u52d2\u90a3\u8c48\u80fd\u96a8\u9806\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u95dc\u65bc\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\uff0c\u96d6\u672a\u898b\u5176\u8457\u8ff0\uff0c\u7136\u82e5\u64da\u5176\u9580\u4e0b\u5357\u9053\u6d3e\u8af8\u5e2b\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u898b\u52d2\u90a3\u6240\u50b3\u7684\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u96d6\u70ba\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u7121\u57a2\u6d3e\u7684\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\uff0c\u552f\u537b\u5c6c\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u898b\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u5be6\u6709\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e14\u8aaa\u773e\u751f\u751f\u800c\u5177\u8db3\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u800c\u4e14\u986f\u9732\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5357\u9053\u6d3e\u7684\u6167\u9060\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u7fa9\u7ae0\u300b\uff08\u5377\u4e09\uff09\u4e2d\u8aaa\u516b\u8b58\uff0c\u8b02\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\u6709\u516b\u540d\uff1a\u85cf\u8b58\u3001\u8056\u8b58\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u8b58\u3001\u6de8\u8b58\u3001\u771f\u8b58\u3001\u771f\u5982\u8b58\u3001\u5bb6\u8b58\u3001\u672c\u8b58\uff0c\u6545\u8aaa\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u70ba\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u6de8\u8b58\u300d\u3002\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u56db\u5341\u56db\uff0cno. 1851\uff0c\u9801524\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7531\u662f\u5373\u53ef\u898b\u52d2\u90a3\u6240\u50b3\uff0c\u5be6\u70ba\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7a7a\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5247\u4e0d\u7a7a\u3002\u8aaa\u70ba\u4e0d\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee5\u771f\u5e38\u6545\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6167\u9060\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u963f\u68a8\u8036\u8005\uff0c\u6b64\u65b9\u6b63\u7ffb\uff0c\u540d\u70ba\u7121\u6c92\u3002\u300d\u6b64\u8a9e\u6709\u4e8c\u7fa9\uff1a\u7121\u6c92\u6545\u771f\u3001\u7121\u6c92\u6545\u5e38\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4fbf\u8aaa\u5176\u9ad4\u6027\u7121\u53ef\u7834\u3001\u7121\u6240\u7acb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6167\u9060\u65bc\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u7fa9\u7ae0\u300b\u5fa9\u4e91\u2500\u2500\u300c\u771f\ufe5d\u8b58\ufe5e\u4e2d\u5206\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e00\u3001\u963f\u6469\u7f85\u8b58\uff0c\u6b64\u4e91\u7121\u57a2\uff0c\u4ea6\u66f0\u672c\u6de8\uff0c\u5c31\u771f\u8ad6\u771f\uff0c\u771f\u9ad4\u5e38\u6de8\uff0c\u6545\u66f0\u7121\u57a2\uff0c\u6b64\u7336\u662f\u524d\u5fc3\u771f\u5982\u9580\uff1b\u4e8c\u3001\u963f\u68a8\u8036\u8b58\uff0c\u6b64\u4e91\u7121\u6c92\uff0c\u5373\u524d\u771f\u5fc3\uff0c\u96a8\u5984\u6d41\u8f49\uff0c\u9ad4\u7121\u5931\u58de\uff0c\u6545\u66f0\u7121\u6c92\u300d\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u56db\u5341\u56db\uff0c\u9801530b\uff09\uff1b\u6b64\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u771f\u8b58\u300d\u8005\uff0c\u6167\u9060\u8aaa\u5373\u300c\u6240\u8b02\u7b2c\u516b\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5fc3\u300d\uff08\u9801638b\uff09\u3002\u300c\u9ad4\u4e0d\u5931\u58de\u300d\u81ea\u70ba\u771f\u5e38\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7136\u800c\u65e2\u7acb\u300c\u7b2c\u516b\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u300d\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u5c31\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4fee\u9053\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u53ea\u80fd\u8aaa\u6210\u662f\u7121\u660e\u8207\u771f\u5982\u4e92\u76f8\u718f\u7fd2\uff0c\u5373\u7121\u660e\u718f\u771f\u5982\u800c\u6210\u67d3\uff0c\u771f\u5982\u718f\u7121\u660e\u800c\u6210\u6de8\u3002\u9019\u8aaa\u6cd5\u7576\u7136\u53d7\u5230\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u552f\u8b58\u8aaa\u7a2e\u5b50\u718f\u7fd2\uff0c\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u82e5\u672a\u7acb\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u81ea\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u718f\u7fd2\uff1b\u81f3\u65bc\u8aaa\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\u537b\u8aaa\u5230\u5fc3\u4e4b\u9ad4\u6027\u7121\u53ef\u7834\u3001\u7121\u6240\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u5c0d\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u300c\u4e0d\u589e\u4e0d\u6e1b\u300d\u7684\u8aa4\u89e3\uff0c\u4ea6\u975e\u4e2d\u89c0\u5bb6\u6240\u53ef\u540c\u610f\u3002\u2500\u2500\u6b64\u4e8c\u9ede\u5c07\u53e6\u984c\u8a73\u8aaa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5fa9\u6b21\uff0c\u8aaa\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u70ba\u7121\u6c92\u8b58\uff0c\u751f\u6b7b\u4e0d\u5931\u6c92\uff0c\u7121\u8aa4\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u7576\u8aaa\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u5373\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\u5fc3\u6642\uff0c\u8b02\u5176\u751f\u6b7b\u4e0d\u5931\u6c92\uff0c\u5247\u8aa4\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u4fbf\u5373\u7b49\u65bc\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u751f\u800c\u5373\u4fbf\u986f\u9732\uff08\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u6c92\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u91cb\u8fe6\u8aaa\u773e\u751f\u90fd\u6709\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u975e\u8b02\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u4ea6\u975e\u8b02\u5176\u751f\u800c\u5373\u5177\u73fe\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u6cd5\u8eab\u5177\u5728\u800c\u4e0d\u6210\u986f\u73fe\uff0c\u4f46\u986f\u73fe\u70ba\u85cf\u8b58\uff0c\u5373\u963f\u8d56\u8036\u8b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u300a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7d93\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u4f5b\u898b\u773e\u751f\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5df2\uff0c\u6b32\u4ee4\u958b\u6577\u70ba\u8aaa\u7d93\u6cd5\uff0c\u9664\u6ec5\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u986f\u73fe\u4f5b\u6027\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u53c8\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u4ee5\u5584\u65b9\u4fbf\u96a8\u61c9\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u6ec5\u9664\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u958b\u4f5b\u77e5\u898b\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5fa9\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u6545\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5982\u61c9\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee4\u9664\u7169\u60f1\u6de8\u4e00\u5207\u667a\uff0c\u65bc\u4e16\u9593\u70ba\u6700\u6b63\u89ba\u3002\u300d\uff08\u4f9d\u4f5b\u9640\u8dcb\u9640\u7f85\u8b6f\uff0c\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u5341\u516d\uff0cno. 666\uff0c\u9801457-458\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5982\u662f\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u91cb\u5c0a\u53cd\u8986\u5ba3\u793a\uff0c\u9664\u6ec5\u7169\u60f1\u5f8c\u7684\u5fc3\u6027\u59cb\u540d\u70ba\u4f5b\u6027\u3001\u4f5b\u77e5\u898b\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u667a\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e26\u975e\u672c\u9ad4\u2500\u2500\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u9ad4\u540d\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff08\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\u5fc3\uff09\u70ba\u7169\u60f1\u6240\u7e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u672c\u9ad4\u537b\u4e0d\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u8cea\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u53ea\u662f\u5fc3\u8b58\u4e0d\u53d7\u7169\u60f1\u6c61\u67d3\u6642\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff1b\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u5247\u540d\u70ba\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\uff08\u85cf\u8b58\uff09\u3002\u300a\u695e\u4f3d\u300b\u8aaa\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u85cf\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u6b64\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u773e\u751f\u5fc3\u8b58\u53ef\u5448\u73fe\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff08\u5982\u4fee\u6df1\u6b62\u89c0\u7684\u83e9\u85a9\u53ca\u4f5b\uff09\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u5448\u73fe\u70ba\u85cf\u8b58\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff08\u5982\u51e1\u592b\u5fc3\u8b58\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u85cf\u8b58\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5247\u5be6\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7684\u81ea\u986f\u73fe\u3002\u4ee5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u667a\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u8aaa\u70ba\u4f5b\u7684\u6cd5\u8eab\uff0c\u6cd5\u8eab\u4ee5\u5927\u60b2\u5468\u904d\u6545\u81ea\u986f\u73fe\u70ba\u4e00\u5207\u754c\u7684\u8b58\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51e1\u592b\u7684\u8b58\u5883\u5be6\u70ba\u667a\u5883\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u986f\u73fe\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\u667a\u5883\u672c\u8eab\u81ea\u986f\u73fe\uff09\u3002\u6545\u4fbf\u7d71\u540d\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u85cf\u8b58\u300d\u3002\uff08\u8a73\u898b\u672c\u66f8\u3008\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u9ad4\u6027\u8207\u89c0\u4fee\u2500\u2500\u300a\u5165\u695e\u4f3d\u7d93\u300b\u8207\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u5408\u8ad6\u3009\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9019\u500b\u610f\u8da3\uff0c\u65bc\u300a\u5927\u96c6\u5927\u865b\u7a7a\u85cf\u83e9\u85a9\u6240\u554f\u7d93\u300b\u5377\u7b2c\u516b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8aaa\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u7d93\u4e91\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u592b\u5fc3\u8005\u662f\u7de3\u751f\u6cd5\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u67d3\u7e88\uff0c\u6216\u8655\u53d7\u8272\u6216\u8655\u4e0d\u53d7\u3002\u6709\u60c5\u5fc3\u6240\uff08\u6709\u60c5\u7684\u5fc3\u8b58\u72c0\u614b\uff09\u4ea6\u5fa9\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u6216\u8d77\u7169\u60f1\u6216\u5fa9\u4e0d\u8d77\u3002&#8230;&#8230; \u83e9\u85a9\u7531\u8b49\u6b64\u6cd5\u9580\uff0c\u4e0d\u70ba\u4e00\u5207\u8af8\u7169\u60f1\u4e4b\u6240\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u601d\u60df\u6b64\u6e05\u6de8\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u601d\u6545\uff0c\u5247\u6ec5\u4e00\u5207\u5c0b\u4f3a\u7de3\u616e\uff0c\u8b49\u6e05\u6de8\u6027\uff1b\u7531\u8b49\u6e05\u6de8\uff0c\u5247\u8d85\u9b54\u5883\uff1b\u4ee5\u8d85\u9b54\u5883\uff0c\u5247\u5b89\u4f4f\u4f5b\u5883\uff1b\u4ee5\u4f4f\u4f5b\u5883\uff0c\u5247\u8d85\u6709\u60c5\u5883\u5165\u4e0d\u52d5\u6cd5\u754c\uff1b\u4ee5\u5165\u4e0d\u52d5\u6e05\u6de8\u6cd5\u754c\uff0c\u5247\u5165\u5e73\u7b49\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u5883\uff0c\u5247\u540d\u4e00\u5207\u667a\u667a\u3002\u300d\uff08\u4f9d\u4e0d\u7a7a\u8b6f\uff0c\u5927\u6b63\uff0e\u5341\u4e09\uff0cno. 404\uff0c\u9801643b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u5883\u754c\uff08\u72c0\u614b\uff09\uff1a\u9b54\u5883\u3001\u4f5b\u5883\u3001\u6709\u60c5\u5883\u3001\u4e0d\u52d5\u6cd5\u754c\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u5883\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u667a\u667a\u7686\u662f\u3002\u6545\u7d93\u4e2d\u4f46\u8a00\u300c\u5883\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u8aaa\u4e4b\u70ba\u9ad4\uff0c\u56e0\u5883\u754c\u5373\u7121\u9ad4\u7121\u81ea\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5fa9\u6b21\uff0c\u300a\u52dd\u9b18\u7d93\u300b\u4e2d\u4ea6\u4e91\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u4e16\u5c0a\uff0c\u82e5\u5fa9\u904e\u65bc\u6046\u6c99\u5982\u4f86\u83e9\u63d0\u667a\u6240\u61c9\u65b7\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u662f\u7121\u660e\u4f4f\u5730\u6240\u6301\u3001\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u4e00\u5207\u7a2e\u5b50\u7686\u4f9d\u5730\u751f\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u589e\u9577\u3002\u300d\uff08\u4f9d\u6c42\u90a3\u8dcb\u9640\u7f85\u8b6f\uff0c\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u5341\u4e8c\uff0cno. 353\uff0c\u9801220b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9019\u5373\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u7169\u60f1\u4f9d\u7fd2\u6c23\uff08\u7121\u660e\u4f4f\u5730\uff09\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u82e5\u77e5\u7fd2\u6c23\u7121\u81ea\u6027\uff0c\u5247\u5176\u6240\u6301\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7169\u60f1\u4ea6\u7121\u81ea\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u7121\u81ea\u6027\u6545\uff0c\u5373\u5be6\u4e0d\u80fd\u6c61\u67d3\u5fc3\u8b58\u3002\u2500\u2500\u8aaa\u70ba\u300c\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\u5fc3\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u57fa\u65bc\u6b64\u3002\u4f46\u300c\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\u5fc3\u300d\u4ea6\u7121\u81ea\u6027\uff0c\u6b64\u5df2\u898b\u524d\u5f15\u300a\u865b\u7a7a\u85cf\u7d93\u300b\u8aaa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7d93\u5fa9\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u5883\u754c\u3002\u300d\uff08\u540c\u524d\u5f15\uff0c\u9801221b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u8aaa\u70ba\u300c\u5883\u754c\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u4f5b\u7684\u667a\u5883\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u91cb\u5c0a\u5be6\u5f9e\u672a\u8aaa\u904e\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u662f\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u53c8\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u65b7\u3001\u812b\u3001\u7570\u3001\u5916\u6709\u70ba\u6cd5\u4f9d\u6301\u5efa\u7acb\u8005\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3002\u300d\uff08\u540c\u524d\u5f15\uff0c222b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u65b7\u812b\u7570\u5916\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u9019\u7a2e\u667a\u5883\uff0c\u5be6\u975e\u6709\u70ba\u6cd5\u6240\u4f9d\u6301\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7fd2\u6c23\uff0c\u662f\u5373\u4e0d\u53d7\u7169\u60f1\u6240\u67d3\uff0c\u4e0d\u57f7\u4e00\u5207\u7531\u56e0\u7de3\u751f\u8d77\u7684\u6709\u70ba\u6cd5\u70ba\u5be6\u6709\u3002\u5982\u662f\u7a2e\u7a2e\uff0c\u7686\u672a\u5617\u8aaa\u4e4b\u70ba\u771f\u5be6\u672c\u9ad4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u662f\u6545\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u80fd\u8aaa\uff0c\u773e\u751f\u7686\u751f\u800c\u5177\u8db3\u4e0d\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u6e05\u6de8\u7684\u5fc3\u6027\uff08\u80fd\u8d77\u4e0d\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u667a\u5883\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u300c\u773e\u751f\u7686\u6709\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u300d\u4e4b\u610f\u3002\u975e\u8b02\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u6de8\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u672c\u9ad4\u70ba\u773e\u751f\u5177\u6709\uff1b\u4ea6\u975e\u8b02\u5982\u4f86\u667a\u5883\u4e0a\u6709\u8b58\u5883\u81ea\u986f\u73fe\uff0c\u6b64\u667a\u5883\u70ba\u8b58\u5883\u672c\u9ad4\uff08\u53ea\u80fd\u8aaa\u667a\u5883\u5177\u8b58\u5883\u7684\u672c\u6027\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6b64\u5982\u300a\u4e0d\u589e\u4e0d\u6e1b\u7d93\u300b\u4e91\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u820d\u5229\u5f17\uff0c\u5373\u6b64\u6cd5\u8eab\uff0c\u96e2\u4e00\u5207\u4e16\u9593\u7169\u60f1\u4f7f\u7e8f\uff0c\u904e\u4e00\u5207\u82e6\uff0c\u96e2\u4e00\u5207\u7169\u60f1\u57a2\uff0c\u5f97\u6de8\u3001\u5f97\u6e05\u6de8\uff0c\u5f80\u65bc\u5f7c\u5cb8\u6e05\u6de8\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5230\u4e00\u5207\u773e\u751f\u6240\u9858\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u65bc\u4e00\u5207\u5883\u754c\u4e2d\u7a76\u7adf\u901a\u9054\uff0c\u66f4\u7121\u52dd\u8005\u3002\u96e2\u4e00\u5207\u969c\u3001\u96e2\u4e00\u5207\u7919\uff0c\u65bc\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5f97\u81ea\u5728\u529b\uff0c\u540d\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u61c9\u6b63\u904d\u77e5\u3002\u300d\uff08\u4f9d\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u8b6f\uff0c\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u5341\u516d\uff0cno. 668\uff0c\u9801467b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5fc3\u8b58\u4e0d\u70ba\u6240\u67d3\uff0c\u4fbf\u5373\u662f\u300c\u96e2\u300d\uff1b\u5fc3\u8b58\u6709\u6240\u8d85\u8d8a\uff0c\u4fbf\u5373\u662f\u300c\u904e\u300d\uff1b\u5fc3\u8b58\u4e0d\u57f7\u4e00\u5207\u5883\u754c\uff08\u5982\u82e6\u6a02\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u4fbf\u5373\u662f\u300c\u7a76\u7adf\u901a\u9054\u300d\u3002\u662f\u6545\u8aaa\u70ba\u300c\u96e2\u4e00\u5207\u969c\u3001\u96e2\u4e00\u5207\u7919\uff0c\u65bc\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5f97\u81ea\u5728\u529b\u300d\u3002\u9019\u5f88\u986f\u7136\u5373\u6307\u5982\u4f86\u7684\u667a\u5883\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u53ef\u662f\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u5247\u57f7\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u771f\u5be6\u672c\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e14\u8996\u4e4b\u70ba\u751f\u800c\u81ea\u986f\u73fe\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u7e59\u8b6f\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u6642\uff0c\u4fbf\u6642\u6709\u7528\u8a5e\u4e0d\u7576\u4e4b\u8655\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u8a66\u7565\u8209\u6578\u4f8b\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">1\u300a\u4f5b\u5bf6\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u4f5b\u9ad4\u7121\u524d\u969b &#8230;&#8230;\u300d\u3002\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c\u4f5b\u9ad4\u300d\u4e0d\u7576\u3002\u68b5\u6587 buddhatva\uff0c\u85cf\u8b6f sangs rgyas nyid\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u4f5b\u6027\u300d\u7fa9\uff0c\u975e\u6307\u4f5b\u4e4b\u672c\u9ad4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">2\u300a\u6cd5\u5bf6\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e09\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u611a\u75f4\u51e1\u592b\u4e0d\u5982\u5be6\u77e5\u3001\u4e0d\u5982\u5be6\u898b\u4e00\u5be6\u6027\u754c\u3002\u300d\u6b64\u300c\u4e00\u5be6\u6027\u754c\u300d\uff0c\u65bc\u68b5\u6587\u70baeka-dh\u0101tu\uff0c\u85cf\u8b6f\u4f5c khams gcig\uff0c\u76f4\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c\u4e00\u754c\u300d\u6216\u300c\u4e00\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u6307\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u6545\u53ef\u610f\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c\u4e00\u5982\u754c\u300d\u3002\u82e5\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c\u4e00\u5be6\u6027\u754c\u300d\uff0c\u5247\u5df2\u8aa4\u8a8d\u70ba\u771f\u5be6\u672c\u9ad4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">3\u540c\u4e0a\uff1a\u300c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d6\u76f8\u6545\uff0c\u80fd\u898b\u5be6\u6027\u3002\u5982\u662f\u5be6\u6027\uff0c\u8af8\u4f5b\u5982\u4f86\u5e73\u7b49\u8b49\u77e5\u3002\u300d\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u5be6\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u68b5\u6587\u4f5c bh\u016bta\uff0c\u85cf\u8b6f\u70ba yang dag pa\u3002\u5be6\u6307\u300c\u771f\u5be6\u300d\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u610f\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c\u672c\u6709\u300d\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u300c\u5be6\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u68b5\u6587\u4f5c dharma\uff0c\u5373\u300c\u6cd5\u300d\u3002\u82e5\u4f9d\u68b5\u85cf\u672c\uff0c\u6b64\u53e5\u61c9\u8b6f\u70ba\u2500\u2500\u300c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u898b\u5982\u662f\u76f8\u8207\u56e0\uff0c\u5373\u80fd\u898b\u672c\u6709\uff0c\u6545\u5982\u4f86\u5713\u6eff\u8b49\u77e5\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u300d\u4f9d\u52d2\u90a3\u8b6f\uff0c\u5247\u6613\u8aa4\u89e3\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u4f5b\u8b49\u77e5\u7684\u300c\u5be6\u6027\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">4\u300a\u8eab\u8f49\u6e05\u6de8\u6210\u83e9\u63d0\u54c1\u7b2c\u516b\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u5411\u8aaa\u8f49\u8eab\u5be6\u9ad4\u6e05\u6de8 &#8230;&#8230;\u300d\u3002\u6b64\u53e5\u5b8c\u5168\u96e2\u958b\u68b5\u85cf\u672c\u6587\u7fa9\u3002\u68b5\u85cf\u672c\u65bc\u672c\u53e5\u5be6\u4e91\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u6027\u65bc\u5713\u6eff\u6e05\u6de8\u5883\u754c\u4e2d\u6975\u6e05\u6de8\u898b\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u6027\u76f8\u300d\uff0c\u7121\u300c\u8f49\u8eab\u5be6\u9ad4\u300d\u4e4b\u610f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5982\u662f\u7565\u8209\u6578\u4f8b\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u77e5\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u57f7\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\u3002\u7531\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u53ca\u5730\u8ad6\u5357\u9053\u6d3e\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u53ca\u83ef\u56b4\u5b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u8996\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\u5fc3\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u662f\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u5730\u8ad6\u5e2b\u53ca\u83ef\u56b4\u5e2b\u7686\u53d7\u5176\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u8207\u5c0d\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u8aa4\u89e3\u4e00\u65e6\u5408\u6d41\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u300c\u4e00\u5fc3\u300d\u4fbf\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u771f\u5e38\uff0c\u5165\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\uff08gzhan stong\uff09\u898b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u4f8b\u5982\u6167\u9060\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u7fa9\u758f\u300b\u5377\u4e0a\u4e4b\u4e0a\u4e2d\u8a00\uff1a\u300c\u5fc3\u771f\u5982\u8005\u662f\u7b2c\u4e5d\u8b58\uff0c\u5168\u662f\u771f\uff0c\u6545\u540d\u5fc3\u771f\u5982\uff1b\u5fc3\u751f\u6ec5\u8005\u662f\u7b2c\u516b\u8b58\u96a8\u7de3\u6210\u5984\uff0c\u651d\u9ad4\u5f9e\u7528\uff0c\u651d\u5728\u5fc3\u4e2d\u751f\u6ec5\u3002\u300d\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u56db\u5341\u56db\uff0cno. 1843\uff0c\u9801179\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6b64\u5373\u8aaa\u300c\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e8c\u9580\u300d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u537b\u5c07\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8996\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e5d\u8b58\uff0c\u662f\u5fc3\u771f\u5982\u9580\uff1b\u7b2c\u516b\u8b58\u6709\u751f\u6ec5\u5fc3\uff0c\u662f\u5fc3\u751f\u6ec5\u9580\u3002\u7531\u662f\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u7fa9\u7ae0\u300b\u8aaa\u300c\u773e\u751f\u81ea\u5be6\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u6027\uff0c\u51fa\u751f\u5927\u89ba\u8207\u4f5b\u70ba\u672c\u300d\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u56db\u5341\u56db\uff0c\u9801472a\uff09\u3002\u660e\u8a00\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u300c\u5be6\u6027\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u4ea6\u66fe\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u5373\u4e3b\u5f35\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u7684\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e \uff08Jo nang pa\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u6d3e\u5f8c\u4f86\u53d7\u5230\u897f\u85cf\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u7684\u8a55\u7834\u3002\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u7528\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u8aaa\u7834\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\uff0c\u4e14\u8996\u61c9\u6210\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u81ea\u7a7a\u300d\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\u3002\u9023\u5e36\u6240\u53ca\uff0c\u51e1\u4e3b\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8aaa\u7684\u5b78\u6d3e\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u300c\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u300d\u3002\u2500\u2500\u300c\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u300d\u4ee5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u300c\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\uff1b\u61c9\u6210\u898b\u5247\u662f\u7c97\u54c1\u4e86\u7fa9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u898b\u6566\u73e0\u6cd5\u738b\u300a\u56db\u90e8\u5b97\u7fa9\u8981\u7565\u300b\uff0c\u62d9\u8b6f\u300a\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u56db\u90e8\u5b97\u7fa9\u91cb\u300b\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5168\u4f5b\u6587\u5316\uff0c2008\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u53c8\u53c3\u5289\u7acb\u5343\u8b6f\u300a\u571f\u89c0\u5b97\u6d3e\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\u53caS.K.Hookham, <em>The Buddha Within<\/em>.\uff08Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u53ca\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u8ad6\u8457\uff0c\u7d93\u6cd5\u5c0a\u8b6f\u5e2b\u8ffb\u8b6f\u50b3\u5165\u6f22\u571f\uff0c\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u5373\u53d7\u5176\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5224\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u552f\u5fc3\u300d\u70ba\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u5176\u7834\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u4e4b\u7834\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\uff0c\u672a\u77e5\u5bd7\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e86\u7fa9\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ea6\u672a\u77e5\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u5be6\u53ef\u958b\u8a31\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u65bc\u300a\u4e2d\u89c0\u4eca\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u8005\u5247\u8aaa\u5984\u5fc3\u4e5f\u7a7a\uff0c\u800c\u6e05\u6de8\u672c\u9ad4\u4e0d\u7a7a\u3002\u300d\uff08\u9801261\uff09\u6b64\u5373\u7531\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u771f\u5e38\u800c\u7834\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u800c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5be6\u975e\u672c\u9ad4\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u300d\u3002\u4f9d\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u6240\u50b3\uff0c\u81ea\u4ff1\u751f\u559c\u91d1\u525b \uff08dGa\u2019 rab rdo rje, 55 &#8211; ?\uff09 \u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u8af8\u7e8c\u50c5\u4ee5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u672c\u667a\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8996\u4e4b\u70ba\u771f\u5e38\u672c\u9ad4\u3002\u6545\u96e2\u300c\u81ea\u7a7a\u300d\uff08rang stong\uff09\u3001\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\uff08gzhan stong\uff09\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u4e86\u7fa9\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff08nges don la dbu ma chen po\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u4e0d\u53d7\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u4e4b\u6240\u7834\u3002\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u6240\u6301\u70ba\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u5176\u6240\u8b6f\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u4fbf\u6642\u6709\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u8272\u5f69\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u95dc\u65bc\u81ea\u7a7a\u53ca\u4ed6\u7a7a\u3001\u96e2\u908a\u3001\u4e86\u7fa9\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5c07\u53e6\u984c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u6b64\u8655\u50c5\u5c31\u5169\u4f4d\u8b6f\u5e2b\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u898b\u5730\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9ede\u51fa\u6b64\u4e2d\u95dc\u9375\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e09\u3000\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u8207\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6e05\u672b\u6c11\u521d\u4e4b\u4ea4\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5b78\u8005\u677e\u672c\u6587\u4e09\u90ce\u3001\u671b\u6708\u4fe1\u4ea8\u3001\u6751\u4e0a\u5c08\u7cbe\u7b49\uff0c\u767c\u52d5\u8003\u8b49\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u98a8\u6f6e\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u6b64\u975e\u99ac\u9cf4\u83e9\u85a9\u6240\u9020\uff0c\u5be6\u70ba\u300c\u652f\u90a3\u64b0\u8ff0\u300d\u3002\u53cd\u5c0d\u8005\u5247\u6709\u5e38\u76e4\u5927\u5b9a\u3001\u7fbd\u6eaa\u4e86\u8ae6\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u6fc0\u6230\uff0c\u524d\u5f8c\u7cfe\u7e8f\u5341\u516b\u5e74\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5176\u5f8c\u6211\u570b\u5b78\u8005\u4ea6\u767c\u8d77\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6545\u53cb\u5f35\u66fc\u6fe4\u65bc\u5176\u6240\u7de8\u300a\u73fe\u4ee3\u4f5b\u6559\u5b78\u8853\u53e2\u520a\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\u518a\u4e4b\u3008\u7de8\u8f2f\u65e8\u8da3\u3009\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d9c\u8ff0\u6b64\u6b21\u8ad6\u6230\u4e91\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7531\u6881\u555f\u8d85\u9996\u5148\u767c\u96e3\uff0c\u7406\u8ad6\u5927\u81f4\u8207\u671b\u6708\u4fe1\u4ea8\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5426\u8a8d\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u662f\u99ac\u9cf4\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u5426\u5b9a\u662f\u99ac\u9cf4\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5426\u5b9a\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6881\u9673\u9593\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4ed6\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u96d6\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u4ecd\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u4e00\u672c\u6700\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u7684\u4f5b\u5b78\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5230\u4e86\u5357\u4eac\u652f\u90a3\u5167\u5b78\u9662\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\u624b\u88e1\uff0c\u5247\u554f\u984c\u66f4\u52a0\u56b4\u91cd\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u4e0d\u50c5\u4e0d\u662f\u99ac\u9cf4\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u800c\u8a46\u70ba\u9644\u6cd5\u5916\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u5f9e\u552f\u8b58\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u800c\u5c0d\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u56b4\u53b2\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002\u70ba\u53cd\u5c0d\u6b64\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u8d77\u800c\u66ff\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u4f5c\u8faf\u8b77\u7684\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u592a\u865b\u3001\u7ae0\u592a\u708e\u3001\u5510\u5927\u5713\u7b49\u6b64\u4e00\u6d3e&#8230;&#8230;\u6b64\u4e00\u8faf\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4e86\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ecd\u6709\u8ff4\u6ce2\u76ea\u6f3e\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u592a\u865b\u5927\u5e2b\u7684\u5f8c\u4eba\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u5e73\u8b70\u300b\uff0c\u548c\u6b50\u967d\uff08\u7adf\u7121\uff09\u9580\u4e0b\u7684\u5442\u6f82\u6240\u767c\u8868\u7684\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8207\u79aa\u300b\u3002\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u7684\u300c\u5e73\u8b70\u300d&#8230;&#8230; \u4ed6\u5f9e\u5927\u4e58\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4e09\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4f86\u6289\u64c7\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u4e43\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u5c6c\u65bc\u771f\u5e38\u552f\u5fc3\uff0c\u8207\u865b\u5984\u552f\u8b58\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5e73\u5b9a\u4e86\u5167\u5b78\u9662\u6d3e\u7684\u5f37\u70c8\u53cd\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u7684\u610f\u898b\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5230\u5442\u6f82\u7684\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8207\u79aa\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u5167\u5b78\u9662\u4e00\u6d3e\u7684\u610f\u898b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5247\u4e5f\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u7de9\u548c\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6d41\u901a\u7684\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u4e43\u662f\u79aa\u5bb6\u5c0d\u65bc\u820a\u672c\u7684\u6539\u4f5c\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u5167\u5bb9\u5247\u8207\u300a\u695e\u4f3d\u7d93\u300b\u6709\u95dc\u3002&#8230;&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u521d\u6642\u4e2d\u65e5\u96d9\u65b9\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u90fd\u672a\u7559\u610f\u53ca\u897f\u85cf\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8ad6\u8457\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u6cd5\u5c0a\u6cd5\u5e2b\u8ffb\u8b6f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u7684\u8ad6\u5178\u904e\u4f86\uff0c\u8aaa\u300c\u4e2d\u89c0\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u300d\u7fa9\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u624d\u6709\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u7684\u8457\u8ff0\uff0c\u5224\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u70ba\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u552f\u5fc3\u300d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u537b\u672a\u63d0\u5230\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e2d\u89c0\u5b78\u6d3e\u6709\u300c\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u4e00\u6d3e\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u6d3e\u53c8\u5206\u70ba\u300c\u4e86\u7fa9\u300d\u3001\u300c\u96e2\u908a\u300d\u8207\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u4e09\u5bb6\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u4ee5\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\uff08rNying ma pa\uff09\u3001\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\uff08Sa skya pa\uff09\u53ca\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\uff08Jo nang pa\uff09 \u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4ee5\u662f\u4e4b\u6545\uff0c\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u7814\u7a76\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u300d\u601d\u60f3\u4fbf\u6b20\u5168\u9762\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6982\u62ec\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u66f4\u6839\u64da\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u7684\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u8b6f\u672c\u53ca\u7528\u4e4b\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7cfb\u5217\u7d93\u5178\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u5224\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u300d\u70ba\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u552f\u5fc3\u300d\uff0c\u4e43\u4f5b\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\u8aaa\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8a8d\u70ba\u5177\u5916\u9053\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u5be6\u5728\u52d5\u6416\u4e86\u83ef\u56b4\u3001\u5929\u53f0\u3001\u79aa\u5b97\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u90fd\u4ee5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u53c3\u8003\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u4f5b\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7b49\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u6b63\u805e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u904e\u53bb\u7531\u65bc\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u4e3b\u81ea\u7a7a\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u8ad6\u5178\u5e7e\u540c\u7981\u66f8\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u60c5\u52e2\u6539\u7570\uff0c\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5587\u561b\u516c\u958b\u5728\u6b50\u7f8e\u5ba3\u63da\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u300d\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u65bc\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u9752\u6d77\u4e00\u5e36\u8abf\u67e5\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u5bfa\u9662\uff0c\u4e14\u8ffb\u8b6f\u8a72\u6d3e\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u4ed6\u7a7a\u6d3e\u7a2e\u7a2e\u4fbf\u6240\u77e5\u6f38\u591a\uff0c\u4e3b\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u7684\u89ba\u66e9\u6d3e\u65bc\u4eca\u4ea6\u53ef\u516c\u958b\u5f18\u6cd5\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u5b78\u8005\u5373\u4e0d\u9650\u65bc\u7531\u6279\u5224\u6587\u5b57\u4f86\u52a0\u4ee5\u77ad\u89e3\u3002\u5982\u662f\u800c\u77e5\u897f\u85cf\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\uff0c\u4fbf\u5373\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u96a8\u9806\u771f\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u5e2b\u7684\u4ed6\u7a7a\u6d3e\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u7684\u4e00\u6d3e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u8a08\u6709\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u84b2\u6587\u6210\u3001\u62c9\u6bdb\u624e\u897f\u8457\uff0c\u300a\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u901a\u8ad6\u300b\uff08\u897f\u5be7\uff1a\u9752\u6d77\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\uff09\uff1b\u8a31\u5f97\u5b58\uff0c\u3008\u5ddd\u9752\u5169\u7701\u85cf\u5340\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u5bfa\u9662\u8abf\u67e5\u3009\uff0c\u6536\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u5b97\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f\uff081991\uff09\uff1b\u8a31\u5f97\u5b58\uff0c\u3008\u591a\u5e03\u5df4\u53ca\u5176\u300a\u5c71\u6cd5\u4e86\u7fa9\u6d77\u8ad6\u300b\u3009\uff0c\u6536\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u85cf\u5b78\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f\uff081992\uff09\uff1b\u8a31\u5f97\u5b58\uff0c\u3008\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u4ed6\u7a7a\u601d\u60f3\u6dfa\u8ad6\u3009\uff0c\u6536\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u671f\uff081993\uff09\uff1b\u8a31\u5f97\u5b58\uff0c\u3008\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u300c\u81ea\u7a7a\u300d\u3001\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u601d\u60f3\u8a55\u6790\u3009\uff0c\u6536\u300a\u4f5b\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7b2c\u56db\u671f\uff081994\uff09\uff1b\u8a31\u5f97\u5b58\u8b6f\uff0c\u963f\u65fa\u6d1b\u8ffd\u624e\u5df4\u8457\u300a\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u6559\u6cd5\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u62c9\u85a9\uff1a\u897f\u85cf\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\uff09\uff1b\u5289\u7acb\u5343\uff0c\u300a\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u5404\u6d3e\u6559\u7fa9\u53ca\u5bc6\u5b97\u6f2b\u8ac7\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6c11\u65cf\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2000\uff09\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u73fe\u4ee3\u6cd5\u738b\u5065\u967d\u6a02\u4f4f\uff08\u2019Jam dbyangs blo gros\uff09\u7684\u591a\u7a2e\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u5916\u6587\u5219\u6709S.K. Hookham, <em>The Buddha Within<\/em>\uff08Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991\uff09\uff1bKenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso, <em>Progressive Stages of Meditation on Emptiness<\/em>\uff08Stephen Zangmo, trnas.\uff09\uff08Oxford: Longchen Foundation, 1986\uff09\uff1bCyrus Stearn, <em>The Buddha from Delpo<\/em><em>\u3000<\/em>\uff08Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u53ef\u60dc\u9019\u4e9b\u8ad6\u8457\u672a\u6709\u6bd4\u8f03\u6f22\u571f\u83ef\u56b4\u3001\u5929\u53f0\u8207\u85cf\u50b3\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u601d\u60f3\u300d\u4e4b\u7570\u540c\uff0c\u4ea6\u672a\u8a73\u8ad6\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u300c\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u300d\u7684\u300c\u4e86\u7fa9\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u898b\u8207\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7167\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u300c\u81ea\u7a7a\u300d\u70ba\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u59cb\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u6e90\u982d\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u9f8d\u6a39\u3002\u8b02\u9f8d\u6a39\u6240\u9020\u300c\u7406\u805a\u516d\u8ad6\u300d\u8aaa\u81ea\u7a7a\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u552f\u65bc\u300c\u8b9a\u6b4c\u96c6\u300d\u5247\u8aaa\u4ed6\u7a7a\u4e86\u7fa9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u300c\u7406\u805a\u516d\u8ad6\u300d\u5373\u300a\u4e2d\u89c0\u8ad6\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5bf6\u9b18\u8ad6\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8ff4\u8acd\u8ad6\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e03\u5341\u7a7a\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7cbe\u7814\u8ad6\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u516d\u5341\u980c\u5982\u7406\u8ad6\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u8b9a\u6b4c\u96c6\u300d\u4e00\u822c\u6307\u300a\u56db\u8b9a\u6b4c\u300b\uff08<em>Catu<\/em><em>\u1e25stava<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u51fa\u4e16\u9593\u8b9a\u300b\uff08<em>Lok\u0101t\u012btastava<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u300a\u7121\u7b49\u8b9a\u300b\uff08<em>Niraupamyastava<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u300a\u4e0d\u601d\u8b70\u8b9a\u300b\uff08<em>Acintyastava<\/em>\uff09\u53ca\u300a\u52dd\u7fa9\u8b9a\u300b\uff08<em>Param\u0101rthastava<\/em>\uff09\u7b49\u56db\u7bc7\u3002\u300a\u56db\u8b9a\u6b4c\u300b\u4ecd\u6709\u68b5\u672c\u50b3\u4e16\u3002\u53c3Chr. Lindtner, <em>Master of Wisdom <\/em>\uff08Berkerley: Dharma Publishing, 1997\uff09\uff0c\u9801158-171\u53ca236-247\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9f8d\u6a39\u6240\u9020\u8b9a\u6b4c\uff0c\u5c1a\u6709\u300a\u6cd5\u754c\u8b9a\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e09\u8eab\u8b9a\u300b\u7b49\u3002\u90b5\u980c\u96c4\u5df2\u5c07\u516b\u7bc7\u9f8d\u6a39\u8b9a\u6b4c\u5168\u90e8\u8b6f\u51fa\uff0c\u7ed3\u96c6\u70ba\u300a\u9f8d\u6a39\u8b9a\u6b4c\u96c6\u5bc6\u610f\u300b\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5168\u4f5b\u6587\u5316\uff0c2015\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u66f4\u5c0a\u5d07\u7121\u8457\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u6148\u6c0f\u4e94\u8ad6\u300d\u7686\u8aaa\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u3002\u7531\u662f\u4ea6\u8aaa\u4e16\u89aa\u8ad6\u5e2b\u70ba\u4ed6\u7a7a\u6d3e\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u64da\u4e0a\u63ed\u300a\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u6559\u6cd5\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u65bc\u4e16\u89aa\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u50b3\u627f\u5373\u70ba\u300c\u6046\u6cb3\u5f4c\u5e95\u5c0a\u8005\u300d\u3002\u6b64\u5373\u524d\u66fe\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u6148\u8b77\u3002\u300a\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u6559\u6cd5\u53f2\u300b\u8aaa\u4ed6\u300c\u6062\u5fa9\u4e86\u5f9e\u5f88\u65e9\u4ee5\u524d\u6cef\u6ec5\u7684\u5fae\u5999\u96e3\u89e3\u7684\u5927\u4ed9\ufe5d\u5584\ufe5e\u9053\uff0c\u4f7f\u5982\u4f86\u7d93\u85cf\u683c\u8a00\u7345\u5b50\u4e4b\u5de8\u5927\u8072\u97f3\u91cd\u65b0\u97ff\u8d77\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6b64\u53e5\u5728\u300a\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u901a\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u5247\u4f5c\uff1a\u300c\u7576\u7cbe\u6df1\u96e3\u8b49\u7684\u5927\u5584\u9053\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5584\u8aaa\u7345\u5b50\u8a00\u9577\u671f\u6cef\u6ec5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5fa9\u7531\u525b\u5676\u9ea5\u667a\u91cd\u65b0\u5f18\u986f\u5ee3\u5927\u3002\u300d\u2500\u2500\u6b64\u4e2d\u525b\u5676\u9ea5\u667a\u5373\u300c\u5f4c\u5e95\u300d\uff08Maitr\u012bpa\uff09 \u4e4b\u7570\u8b6f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6148\u8b77\u7684\u751f\u5e74\u70ba\u897f\u51431007\u5e74\uff08\u4f9dS.K. Hookham \u5f15\uff09\uff0c\u82e5\u4e91\u5728\u4ed6\u4ee5\u524d\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5584\u8aaa\u7345\u5b50\u8a00\u300d\u5df2\u300c\u9577\u671f\u6cef\u6ec5\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u5373\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u65bc\u552f\u8b58\u8208\u8d77\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u66fe\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u671f\u53d7\u5ffd\u8996\u3002\u800c\u6240\u8b02\u898b\u4f5b\u5854\u5149\u660e\u767c\u73fe\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8fa8\u6cd5\u6cd5\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u5247\u70ba\u4e2d\u8208\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u50b3\u8aaa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e0d\u904e\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u537b\u6709\u5169\u9ede\u503c\u5f97\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5728\u4e16\u89aa\u81f3\u6148\u8b77\u9019\u6bb5\u671f\u9593\uff08\u66ab\u5b9a\u70ba\u897f\u5143\u56db\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u81f3\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff09\uff0c\u6f22\u571f\u7684\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u6b63\u9010\u6f38\u958b\u51fa\u71e6\u721b\u7684\u82b1\u6735\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\uff0c\u83ef\u56b4\u601d\u60f3\u5927\u6210\uff0c\u6b64\u5be6\u7531\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7d93\u8ad6\u9678\u7e8c\u8b6f\u51fa\u4e4b\u6545\uff0c\u8db3\u898b\u9019\u6d3e\u7cfb\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u672a\u300c\u6cef\u6ec5\u300d\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u4f55\u4ee5\u5c1a\u6709\u8b6f\u5e2b\u6703\u50b3\u8b6f\u9019\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7d93\u5178\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u6148\u8b77\u6240\u50b3\u5be6\u975e\u53ea\u9650\u65bc\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u95dc\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6b50\u7f8e\u5b78\u8005\u5df2\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u6f22\u571f\u5730\u8ad6\u5b97\u3001\u83ef\u56b4\u5b97\u53ca\u5929\u53f0\u5b97\u7684\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e14\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u6975\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u65bc\u4e2d\u5370\u4ea4\u901a\u800c\u50b3\u56de\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u800c\u6210\u70ba\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u6d3e\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u898bS.K. Hookham \u53ca\u5176\u6240\u5f15\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u53c8\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\u65e5\u672c\u5b78\u8005\u9ad8\u5d0e\u76f4\u9053\u7684\u6709\u95dc\u8ad6\u8457\u63d0\u5230\u83ef\u56b4\u4e09\u7956\u6cd5\u85cf\u7684\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u3002\uff08\u6cd5\u85cf\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u7e7c\u627f\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u6cd5\u754c\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u5c6c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u50b3\u8aaa\u5510\u7384\u5958\u6cd5\u5e2b\u66fe\u61c9\u897f\u57df\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8b6f\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u70ba\u68b5\u6587\uff0c\u53cd\u54fa\u5370\u5ea6\u3002\u6b64\u672a\u77e5\u662f\u5426\u5c6c\u5be6\uff1f\u7136\u4ea6\u53ef\u898b\u7576\u6642\u6f22\u5730\u7684\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u78ba\u66fe\u5c0d\u5370\u5ea6\u767c\u751f\u904e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u95dc\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9ede\u537b\u9808\u8a73\u8ff0\u3002\u64da\u300a\u9752\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u7531\u6148\u8b77\u6240\u50b3\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u5be6\u5206\u4e8c\u6d3e\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u4fc4\u6d3e\uff0c\u5373\u4fc4\u2027\u5177\u89ba\u6167\uff08rNgog blo ldan shes rab, 1059-1109\uff09\u6240\u50b3\uff1b\u4e00\u70ba\u8d0a\u6d3e\uff08Tsan lugs\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u8d0a\u2027\u5580\u6c83\u4e14 \uff08Tsan kar bo che, 1026-?\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u4e2d\u4fc4\u6d3e\u5c6c\u96e2\u908a\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\uff0c\u800c\u8d0a\u6d3e\u5247\u70ba\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\uff0c\u6545\u5580\u6c83\u4e14\u4ea6\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u50b3\u627f\u7956\u5e2b\uff0c\u5217\u70ba\u300c\u986f\u6559\u4ed6\u7a7a\u50b3\u627f\u300d\u7684\u7b2c\u516b\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6709\u95dc\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u7684\u50b3\u627f\uff0c\u53c3S.K. Hookham\u4e0a\u63ed\u66f8\uff0c\u9801152-153\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u300a\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u6559\u6cd5\u53f2\u300b\u4ee5\u7121\u8457\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u50b3\u627f\u7956\u5e2b\u3002\u4e14\u8aaa\u300c\u5f4c\u52d2\u6cd5\u662f\u5f9e\u7a76\u7adf\u4f5b\u7fa9\u3001\u4e0d\u9000\u9084\u4e86\u7fa9\u6559\u6cd5\u8457\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u78ba\u5730\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u7a7a\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u7684\u898b\u4fee\u3002\u7121\u8457\u8ad6\u5e2b\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u5f4c\u52d2\u4f5b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u7cbe\u795e&#8230;&#8230;\u300d\uff08\u98015-6\uff09\u3002\u9019\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u552f\u8b58\u5b78\u8005\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u6703\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u537b\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u53cd\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5373\u5c07\u8ad6\u53ca\u6b64\u9ede\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u8a8d\u53ef\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u7684\u300c\u96e2\u908a\u300d\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ea6\u8a8d\u53ef\u8d0a\u8b6f\u5e2b\u7684\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u89c0\u9ede\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u540c\u4e00\u5e2b\u627f\u537b\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u898b\u5730\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u64da\u300a\u9752\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u5247\u77e5\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u70ba\u667a\u8ae6\u7684\u89aa\u50b3\u3002\u5580\u6c83\u4e14\u5247\u56e0\u4e0d\u901a\u68b5\u8a9e\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u667a\u8ae6\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u6b61\u559c\u91d1\u525b\uff08dGa ba&#8217;i rdo rje\uff09\u50b3\u6388 \u2500\u2500\u9019\u4f4d\u6b61\u559c\u91d1\u525b\u662f\u897f\u85cf\u4eba\uff0c\u66fe\u56de\u897f\u85cf\u50b3\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u7684\u5bc6\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u53c8\u8fd4\u56de\u8fe6\u6fd5\u5f4c\u7f85\u3002\uff08\u898b\u300a\u6559\u6cd5\u53f2\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6216\u66f0\uff1a\u6b61\u559c\u91d1\u525b\u65e2\u70ba\u667a\u8ae6\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5373\u4f7f\u7531\u4ed6\u50b3\u6388\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u61c9\u8207\u5e2b\u8aaa\u6709\u7570\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9019\u4fbf\u6b63\u662f\u554f\u984c\u95dc\u9375\u4e4b\u6240\u5728\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u539f\u4f86\u5370\u5ea6\u5bc6\u4e58\u8ad6\u5e2b\u7684\u50b3\u6388\uff0c\u4e00\u5411\u5206\u300c\u7d93\u8aaa\u90e8\u300d\uff08bshad rgyud\uff09\u8207\u300c\u6210\u5c31\u90e8\u300d\uff08grub rgyud\uff09\u5169\u500b\u50b3\u627f\u3002\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u5f97\u81ea\u667a\u8ae6\u8005\u70ba\u300c\u7d93\u8aaa\u90e8\u300d\uff0c\u6b61\u559c\u91d1\u525b\u5f97\u81ea\u667a\u8ae6\u8005\u5247\u70ba\u300c\u6210\u5c31\u90e8\u300d\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u53ef\u898b\u5730\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9019\u53ef\u4ee5\u8209\u5ca1\u6ce2\u5df4\uff08sGam po pa, 1079-1153\uff09\u70ba\u4f8b\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5ca1\u6ce2\u5df4\u70ba\u6148\u8b77\u5c0a\u8005\u50b3\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5ae1\u7cfb\uff0c\u517c\u9818\u5927\u624b\u5370\u89c0\u4fee\u50b3\u627f\u3001\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u6559\u6388\u53ca\u89c0\u89c0\u4fee\u4e09\u90e8\u50b3\u627f\u3002\uff08\u6bd4\u8f03\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u5247\u53ea\u5f97\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u6559\u6388\u50b3\u627f\u3001\u5580\u6c83\u4e14\u5247\u5f97\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u89c0\u4fee\u50b3\u627f\u3002\u898b S. K. Hookham \u5f15\u897f\u85cf\u6240\u50b3\u7684\u50b3\u627f\u7cfb\u7d71\u8868\uff1app.152-153\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5728\u300a\u9752\u53f2\u300b\u7b2c\u516b\u8f2f\u4e2d\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\ufe5d\u5ca1\u6ce2\u5df4\ufe5e\u5c0d\u5408\u4e4e\u5bc6\u5b97\u6cd5\u5668\u8af8\u4eba\u5247\u793a\u65b9\u4fbf\u9053\uff0c\u5c0d\u96d6\u672a\u80fd\u704c\u9802\u7136\u800c\u5408\u822c\u82e5\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c\u591a\u6cd5\u5668\u8af8\u4eba\uff0c\u5247\u50b3\u64ad\u5927\u624b\u5370\u6559\u6388&#8230;&#8230;\u300d\uff08\u90ed\u548c\u537f\u4e0a\u63ed\u8b6f\u66f8\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\uff0c\u980192\uff09\u2500\u2500\u6b64\u4e2d\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u65b9\u4fbf\u9053\u300d\u5373\u5927\u624b\u89c0\u4fee\uff0c\u9808\u7d93\u704c\u9802\u59cb\u4e88\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u624b\u5370\u6559\u6388\u50c5\u5c6c\u898b\u5730\u6559\u6388\uff08\u64da\u7e8c\u90e8\u6240\u8aaa\u4e4b\u898b\u5730\uff09\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u9808\u704c\u9802\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u898f\u77e9\uff0c\u53ef\u5f9e\u300a\u9752\u53f2\u300b\u3001\u5e03\u9813\uff08Bu ston\uff09\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\u5927\u5bf6\u85cf\u8ad6\u300b\u7b49\u897f\u85cf\u53f2\u66f8\u5f97\u77e5\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u6b64\u50b3\u7d71\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u5b58\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u8fc4\u672a\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u56e0\u6b64\u95dc\u65bc\u667a\u8ae6\u6240\u50b3\uff0c\u958b\u70ba\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u4fbf\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u77ad\u89e3\u3002\u6b64\u5be6\u5206\u70ba\u65b9\u4fbf\u9053\u7684\u300c\u5927\u624b\u89c0\u4fee\u300d\uff0c\u53ca\u822c\u82e5\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c\u591a\u7684\u300c\u5927\u624b\u5370\u6559\u6388\u300d\u4e8c\u7cfb\u3002\u6b64\u5373\u5206\u7e8c\u90e8\u3001\u4fee\u90e8\u3002\u82e5\u4f9dS.K.Hookham \u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u5247\u5ca1\u6ce2\u5df4\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u300c\u7d93\u8aaa\u90e8\u300d\u4f9d\u96e2\u908a\u898b\uff0c\u300c\u6210\u5c31\u90e8\u300d\u4f9d\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u898b\u5730\u4f5c\u4e0d\u540c\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e43\u5c6c\u50b3\u7d71\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u73fe\u5728\u56de\u904e\u982d\u4f86\uff0c\u770b\u6b64\u7cfb\u4e0a\u4e16\u7684\u50b3\u6388\uff0c\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u6240\u5f97\u8005\u65e2\u70ba\u300c\u7d93\u8aaa\u90e8\u300d\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5c6c\u65bc\u96e2\u908a\u898b\uff0c\u800c\u5580\u6c83\u4e14\u65e2\u7531\u7fd2\u300c\u6210\u5c31\u90e8\u300d\u7684\u6b61\u559c\u91d1\u525b\u50b3\u6388\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u4fbf\u662f\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u5169\u6d3e\u50b3\u627f\uff0c\u898b\u5730\u5c90\u7570\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u6216\u8a31\u6703\u89ba\u5f97\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5373\u662f\u898b\u3001\u4fee\u5169\u90e8\u7684\u898b\u5730\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u5f88\u5e73\u5e38\u7684\u4e8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4f8b\u5982\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u300c\u4e5d\u4e58\u6b21\u7b2c\u300d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u7b2c\u5373\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u7b2c\u7684\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u64da\u4e4b\u4ee5\u4f5c\u89c0\u4fee\u6642\u7684\u6289\u64c7\u8207\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u5f97\u73fe\u8b49\u3002\u800c\u4e0b\u6b21\u7b2c\u7684\u73fe\u8b49\u679c\uff08\u8b49\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6210\u70ba\u89c0\u4fee\u4e0a\u6b21\u7b2c\u7684\u898b\u5730\uff08\u57fa\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u898bH.H. Dudjom Rinpoche, <em>The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism<\/em>\uff0c\u8aaa\u4e5d\u4e58\u5dee\u5225\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u898b\u62d9\u7de8\u300a\u4e5d\u4e58\u6b21\u7b2c\u8ad6\u96c6\u300b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u65bc\u300a\u56db\u6cd5\u5bf6\u9b18\u300b\u5c0e\u8b80\u4e2d\u4ea6\u6709\u8a73\u7d30\u8aaa\u660e\u3002\uff08\u6536\u300a\u4f5b\u5bb6\u7d93\u8ad6\u5c0e\u8b80\u53e2\u66f8\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5168\u4f5b\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u84cb\u4ee5\u5be6\u969b\u89c0\u4fee\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u884c\u8005\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6301\u300c\u96e2\u908a\u300d\u6216\u300c\u4e86\u7fa9\u300d\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u800c\u4e0b\u624b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u752f\u746a\u5df4\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u300c\u52a0\u884c\u300d\uff08sbyor ba\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u57f7\u6211\u800c\u6f38\u4fee\u81f3\u7121\u6211\uff0c\u5176\u6289\u64c7\u8207\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u6b21\u7b2c\uff0c\u5373\u5df2\u7d71\u651d\u5c0f\u4e58\u8aaa\u4e00\u5207\u6709\u90e8\u3001\u7d93\u91cf\u90e8\u3001\u552f\u8b58\u3001\u4e2d\u89c0\u3001\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u3001\u96e2\u908a\u898b\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u300c\u76f4\u6307\u6559\u6388\u300d\uff08ngo sprod\uff09\uff0c\u624d\u793a\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u4e86\u7fa9\u898b\u3002\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u300c\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u300d\u4ee5\u4e86\u7fa9\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u70ba\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u4fbf\u5168\u90e8\u89c0\u4fee\u90fd\u6839\u64da\u9019\u898b\u5730\u4f86\u4f5c\u6289\u64c7\u8207\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7684\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u300d\uff0c\u5be6\u8207\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u3001\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\u540c\u6e90\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u57f7\u7740\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u53cd\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u96e2\u908a\u300d\u3001\u300c\u4e86\u7fa9\u300d\u70ba\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u6070\u8207\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u50c5\u8996\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u70ba\u52a0\u884c\u4e2d\u4e00\u6b21\u7b2c\u7684\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u884c\u8005\u9808\u6191\u76f4\u6307\u300c\u4e86\u7fa9\u300d\u59cb\u80fd\u8b49\u300c\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6709\u95dc\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u5c0d\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u7684\u6289\u64c7\uff0c\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\u4e0d\u6557\u5c0a\u8005\uff08Mi pham rgya mtsho\uff09\u300a\u7345\u5b50\u543c\u5ee3\u8aaa\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300b\uff08<em>gZhan stong khas len seng ge&#8217;i nga ro<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u300a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e8c\u8ae6\u898b\u300b\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5168\u4f5b\u6587\u5316\uff0c2007\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u6557\u5c0a\u8005\u8ad6\u8457\uff0c\u5225\u6709John Pettit\u7684\u82f1\u8b6f\u672c\uff0c\u6536\u5165<em>Beacon of Certainty <\/em>\uff08Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1999\uff09\uff0c\u9801415-427\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u64da\u300a\u9752\u53f2\u300b\u7b2c\u516d\u8f2f\uff0c\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u66fe\u8aaa\u904e\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a71\uff1a\u300c\u6b64\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u96d6\u8aaa\u70ba\u52dd\u7fa9\u8ae6\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u52dd\u7fa9\u8ae6\u4e0d\u50c5\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u5b57\u8a00\u8aaa\u548c\u4e86\u77e5\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u5883\uff0c\u5c31\u9023\u8caa\u6b32\u4e4b\u5883\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u3002\u300d\uff08\u5f15\u81ea\u90ed\u548c\u537f\u4e0a\u63ed\u8b6f\u8457\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9019\u6bb5\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u963f\u95cd\u68a8\u5e15\u5df4\uff08\u0100c\u0101rya phy\u0101-pa\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5e15\u5df4\u96d6\u627f\u8a8d\u300c\u906e\u6b62\u8af8\u6709\u6cd5\u70ba\u5be6\u6709\u300d\u5373\u52dd\u7fa9\u8ae6\uff0c\u537b\u4ea6\u8a31\u6587\u5b57\u8a00\u8aaa\u6240\u4e86\u77e5\u5206\u5225\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u70ba\u52dd\u7fa9\uff08\u53c3G.N. Roerich, <em>The Blue Annals<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u537b\u8b02\u52dd\u7fa9\u8ae6\u975e\u6587\u5b57\u8a9e\u8a00\u6240\u53ef\u8868\u9054\u5224\u5225\uff0c\u84cb\u6b64\u4e43\u8af8\u4f5b\u5167\u81ea\u8b49\u5883\u754c\u3002\u7531\u662f\u53ef\u77e5\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u6240\u50b3\u8005\uff0c\u70ba\u96e2\u908a\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u898b\uff0c\u4ea6\u8207\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u4e86\u7fa9\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u7121\u9055\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u56e0\u6b64\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u2500\u2500\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u70ba\u4f5b\u4e09\u8f49\u6cd5\u8f2a\u6240\u8aaa\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u5373\u7121\u8457\u6240\u50b3\u5f4c\u52d2\u300c\u6148\u6c0f\u4e94\u8ad6\u300d\u7684\u898b\u5730\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u50b3\u6388\u4e2d\u65b7\uff0c\u5fa9\u7d93\u6148\u8b77\u50b3\u6388\u3002\u800c\u56e0\u66fe\u4e2d\u65b7\u4e4b\u6545\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\u7684\u81ea\u7a7a\u898b\u53ca\u552f\u8b58\u898b\u6d41\u50b3\u3002\u9019\u8aaa\u6cd5\u986f\u7136\u4fbf\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u672c\u6d3e\u898b\u5730\u627e\u7acb\u8db3\u9ede\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7684\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\uff0c\u8a72\u6d3e\u5927\u5e2b\u7be4\u6d66\u5df4\uff08Dol po pa Shes rab rgyal tshan\u667a\u5e62\uff0c1292-1361\uff09\u5728\u300a\u4e86\u7fa9\u6d77\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u8aaa\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u8b02\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\u6709\u8b58\u3001\u667a\u4e8c\u5206\u3002\u6b64\u5373\u8207\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u4e4b\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e8c\u9580\u5408\u62cd\u3002\u8b58\u5206\u5373\u300c\u5fc3\u751f\u6ec5\u9580\u300d\uff1b\u667a\u5206\u5373\u300c\u5fc3\u771f\u5982\u9580\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u300a\u4e86\u7fa9\u6d77\u8ad6\u300b\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4e00\u5207\u8af8\u6cd5\u5be6\u76f8\uff0c\u52dd\u7fa9\u8ae6\u662f\u5e38\u6046\u5805\u56fa\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u3002\u542b\u85cf\u8b58\u6709\u8b58\u3001\u667a\u4e8c\u5206\uff0c\u6b64\u5c6c\u667a\u5206\uff0c\u5fa9\u662f\u52dd\u7fa9\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u4e09\u5bf6\u5468\u904d\u4e00\u5207\u60c5\u5668\u4e16\u9593\uff0c\u662f\u754c\u89ba\u6027\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u7684\u5929\u773e\uff0c\u6b64\u8207\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u672c\u5177\u7a2e\u6027\uff0c\u56db\u7e8c\u90e8\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u767e\u90e8\u8af8\u5c0a\u7b49\uff0c\u7686\u540c\u4e00\u610f\u8da3\u3002\u300d\uff08\u64da\u5289\u7acb\u5343\u8b6f\u300a\u571f\u89c0\u5b97\u6d3e\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\u5f15\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6c11\u65cf\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2000\u5e74\uff0c\u9801117\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u65e2\u7136\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7684\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u6df5\u6e90\u6709\u81ea\uff0c\u70ba\u5370\u5ea6\u5f4c\u52d2\u5b78\u6d3e\u7684\u50b3\u627f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u70ba\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u7576\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u9806\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u6d3e\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6301\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u7684\u8ad6\u5e2b\u6240\u9020\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u8ad6\u5728\u6f22\u571f\u6fc0\u8d77\u6ce2\u703e\u58ef\u95ca\u7684\u83ef\u56b4\u3001\u5929\u53f0\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5c0b\u4e14\u5f71\u97ff\u53ca\u79aa\u5b97\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u7531\u6f22\u571f\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u5f71\u97ff\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u518d\u50b3\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u800c\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u5927\u9580\u6d3e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7684\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u5be6\u4e0d\u5b9c\u8f15\u8996\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u50c5\u64da\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u5373\u8996\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u60e1\u898b\u300d\u3002\u84cb\u65bc\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u4e2d\u4f9d\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u800c\u4fee\u6b62\u89c0\uff0c\u5be6\u7121\u904e\u5931\uff0c\u554f\u984c\u53ea\u5728\u65bc\u884c\u8005\u5c1a\u9808\u65bc\u6240\u73fe\u8b49\u7684\u771f\u5982\u5883\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b21\u7b2c\u76e1\u96e2\u771f\u5982\u76f8\u8207\u8b49\u667a\u76f8\u7684\u57f7\u7740\uff0c\u59cb\u80fd\u7a76\u7adf\u5713\u8b49\u7121\u4e0a\u6b63\u7b49\u6b63\u89ba\u3002\u82e5\u8a8d\u4e2d\u89c0\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u70ba\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u751a\u6216\u70ba\u300c\u60e1\u898b\u300d\uff0c\u4fbf\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u97ff\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6b62\u89c0\u89c0\u4fee\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u7834\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u5f8c\uff0c\u6709\u9b44\u529b\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u2500\u2500\u5305\u62ec\u986f\u4e58\u7684\u300c\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u300d\u3001\u5bc6\u4e58\u7684\u300c\u5bc6\u5492\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u6545\u5c0d\u89c0\u4fee\u6b62\u89c0\u4e0d\u751f\u7834\u58de\u3002\u82e5\u7834\u800c\u4e0d\u7acb\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5982\u6709\u4e9b\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u52a0\u4ee5\u8f15\u8511\uff0c\u5247\u5728\u4fee\u6301\u4e0a\u53ef\u8b02\u5f71\u97ff\u751a\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u9664\u4e86\u50cf\u9e1a\u9d61\u5b78\u820c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5be6\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u77e5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u9808\u4e86\u77e5\uff0c\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u53ca\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7684\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5168\u90e8\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u82e5\u65bc\u89c0\u4fee\u5c64\u9762\u4f86\u770b\u4ea6\u975e\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u84cb\u4ea6\u70ba\u300c\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u300d\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b21\u7b2c\u89c0\u4fee\u4e4b\u6240\u4f9d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u81f3\u65bc\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u53ca\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u7834\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u5c07\u65bc\u4e0b\u4e8c\u984c\u4e2d\u5206\u5225\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u56db\u00a0 \u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8207\u552f\u8b58<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u7834\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u5be6\u7834\u5176\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u300d\uff0c\u7136\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5247\u5be6\u672a\u5617\u7834\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4f55\u8b02\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u5be6\u5373\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u4e4b\u6240\u4f9d\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u6b64\u6d3e\uff0c\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u5b97\u7fa9\u5206\u4e4b\u70ba\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u300d\u3001\u4e00\u70ba\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u771f\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u300d\u3002\u524d\u8005\u8aaa\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7de3\u8d77\u300d\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u8996\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5b8c\u5168\u7b49\u540c\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\uff0c\u6545\u8aaa\u300c\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u7de3\u8d77\u300d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u300d\u5fa9\u5206\u7121\u57a2\u6d3e\u53ca\u6709\u57a2\u6d3e\uff0c\u6b64\u65bc\u524d\u8ff0\u6f22\u571f\u5730\u8ad6\u5b97\u4e8c\u6d3e\u6642\uff0c\u5373\u8aaa\u524d\u8005\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u96a8\u9806\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u7684\u300c\u76f8\u5dde\u5357\u9053\u6d3e\u300d\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u96a8\u9806\u83e9\u63d0\u7559\u652f\u7684\u300c\u76f8\u5dde\u5317\u9053\u6d3e\u300d\u3002\u6b64\u4e8c\u6d3e\u53c8\u7acb\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u6709\u57a2\u6d3e\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u53ca\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u7121\u57a2\u6d3e\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6b64\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u7121\u57a2\u6d3e\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u8005\uff0c\u5be6\u7121\u975e\u70ba\u5f8c\u4e16\u7814\u7a76\u5b97\u7fa9\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u6240\u7acb\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u7121\u4e0a\u745c\u4f3d\u7e8c\u8af8\u6d3e\uff0c\u5247\u540d\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff08dbu ma chen po\uff09\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e4b\u70ba\u96a8\u9806\u552f\u8b58\u3002\u6b64\u4e43\u7528\u4ee5\u7c21\u5225\u4e2d\u89c0\u81ea\u7e8c\u3001\u61c9\u6210\u4e8c\u6d3e\uff0c\u84cb\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e8c\u6d3e\u4f46\u8aaa\u4e2d\u89c0\u5916\u7fa9\uff0c\u6545\u8aaa\u70ba\u300c\u5c0f\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff0c\u81ea\u5b97\u5247\u8aaa\u5167\u7fa9\uff0c\u6545\u8aaa\u70ba\u300c\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u800c\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u4ea6\u5206\u4e09\u6d3e\u3002\u4e00\u8996\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u300d\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u5982\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\uff1b\u4e00\u8996\u300c\u96e2\u908a\u898b\u300d\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u5982\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\u53ca\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\uff1b\u4e00\u8996\u300c\u6975\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\u300d\u800c\u300c\u5927\u60b2\u5468\u904d\u300d\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u5982\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u300c\u81ea\u7a7a\u898b\u300d\u4e0d\u5165\u300c\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff0c\u70ba\u5916\u4e2d\u89c0\u81ea\u7e8c\u6d3e\u53ca\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u4e4b\u6240\u4f9d\uff0c\u7686\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u6839\u672c\u898b\u3002\u65bc\u85cf\u571f\uff0c\u6b64\u70ba\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u6240\u4f9d\u6b62\uff0c\u552f\u537b\u5224\u81ea\u7e8c\u6d3e\u70ba\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\u3002\u6b64\u5224\u5225\uff0c\u552f\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u8a8d\u53ef\uff0c\u9918\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u6d3e\u5247\u4e0d\u8a8d\u53ef\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5982\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u552f\u4e86\u7fa9\u898b\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u50c5\u4f9d\u6838\u5fc3\u800c\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u56e0\u7121\u4e0a\u745c\u4f3d\u7e8c\u7684\u89c0\u4fee\uff0c\u5176\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u4ea6\u4ee5\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u70ba\u6b21\u7b2c\u898b\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u4e4b\u70ba\u8aa4\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u8aaa\u4ed6\u7a7a\u6b21\u7b2c\u5c1a\u975e\u70ba\u7a76\u7adf\uff0c\u6545\u8aaa\u5176\u4f9d\u6838\u5fc3\u800c\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u6b64\u5982\u5265\u679c\u4ec1\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u5e36\u8863\u7684\u679c\u4ec1\u5df2\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u9700\u53bb\u6389\u679c\u4ec1\u7684\u8863\u624d\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u9019\u4fbf\u662f\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u524d\u8005\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u7531\u662f\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u958b\u8a31\u4ed6\u7a7a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u85cf\u571f\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u7834\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u300d\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\uff0c\u4f9d\u4e2d\u89c0\u61c9\u6210\u7fa9\u800c\u7834\uff0c\u5982\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u53ca\u5176\u50b3\u4eba\uff0c\u6b64\u5c07\u65bc\u4e0b\u984c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u6f22\u571f\u7834\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u8005\u5247\u7528\u552f\u8b58\u7fa9\uff0c\u5982\u6b50\u967d\u7adf\u7121\u5927\u5e2b\u53ca\u5176\u652f\u90a3\u5167\u5b78\u9662\u6d3e\u3002\u672c\u984c\u5373\u5c31\u5176\u6240\u7834\u800c\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u4e3b\u8981\u53c3\u8003\u4e8c\u6587\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6b50\u967d\u6f38\u300a\u6289\u64c7\u4e94\u6cd5\u8ac7\u6b63\u667a\u300b\uff08\u6b64\u70ba\u300a\u552f\u8b58\u6289\u64c7\u8ac7\u300b\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u5206\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u6599\u7c21\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4e8c\u6587\u6536\u5165\u5f35\u66fc\u6fe4\u7de8\u300a\u73fe\u4ee3\u4f5b\u6559\u5b78\u8853\u53e2\u520a\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\u518a\u3002\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c21\u7a31\u300a\u53e2\u520a\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6f22\u571f\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u7576\u6642\u4e0d\u77e5\u897f\u85cf\u6709\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7684\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff0c\u6545\u4e43\u64da\u50b3\u70ba\u99ac\u9cf4\u83e9\u85a9\u9020\u7684\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u800c\u7834\u3002\u6b64\u8ad6\u6240\u64da\uff0c\u5be6\u5373\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff0c\u6b64\u53ef\u7528\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7be4\u6d66\u5df4\u5927\u5e2b\u7684\u300a\u4e86\u7fa9\u6d77\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>Ri chos nges don rgya mtso<\/em>\uff09 \u6bd4\u8f03\u800c\u77e5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6f22\u6587\u8cc7\u6599\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\u8a31\u5f97\u5b58\u8b6f\u300a\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u6559\u6cd5\u53f2\u300b\u9644\u9304\u591a\u7f85\u90a3\u4ed6\u5c0a\u8005\uff08T\u0101ran\u0101tha\uff09\u8457\u7684\u300a\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u5bc6\u6cd5\u6982\u8ad6\u300b\u8207\u300a\u4e2d\u89c0\u4ed6\u7a7a\u601d\u60f3\u8981\u8ad6\u300b\u3002\u7531\u524d\u8005\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u77ad\u89e3\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u300d\u70ba\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u4e2d\u4e00\u6b21\u7b2c\u89c0\u4fee\u4e4b\u6240\u4f9d\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6b50\u967d\u7adf\u7121\u5426\u5b9a\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u300c\u771f\u5982\u7de3\u8d77\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u5c31\u5176\u7e3d\u9ad4\u800c\u7834\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u300c\u771f\u5982\u9ad4\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8aaa\u7a2e\uff0c\u80fd\u718f\u6240\u718f\uff0c\u90fd\u7121\u5176\u4e8b\u3002\u300d\u6b64\u5373\u8b02\u771f\u5982\u975e\u5982\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u80fd\u718f\u3001\u6240\u718f\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u300c\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u4e0d\u7acb\u67d3\u6de8\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u8a00\u718f\u7fd2\u8d77\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u718f\u7fd2\u7fa9\u4ea6\u4e0d\u6210\u3002\u300d\u5982\u662f\u300c\u771f\u5982\u7de3\u8d77\u300d\u5373\u4fbf\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u9019\u662f\u5805\u5b88\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u4f86\u4f5c\u6289\u64c7\u3002\u84cb\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\u552f\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\u7684\u7a2e\u5b50\u624d\u80fd\u8d77\u718f\u7fd2\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u771f\u5982\u65e2\u975e\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u6210\u718f\u7fd2\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u4fbf\u4ea6\u4e0d\u6210\u7de3\u8d77\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u7576\u6642\u8ddf\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u8faf\u96e3\u8af8\u5927\u5fb7\uff0c\u627f\u8a8d\u300c\u771f\u5982\u9ad4\u7fa9\u300d\uff08\u771f\u5982\u662f\u5be6\u6709\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fbf\u53ea\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u4e0d\u7acb\u7a2e\u5b50\u4ea6\u53ef\u8aaa\u300c\u67d3\u6de8\u718f\u7fd2\u300d\uff08\u5982\u5510\u5927\u5713\u3008\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u89e3\u60d1\u3009\uff0c\u6536\u300a\u53e2\u520a\u300b\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u53ef\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u537b\u96e2\u552f\u8b58\u800c\u53e6\u7acb\u718f\u7fd2\u7fa9\u3002\u5982\u5510\u5927\u5713\u5373\u8a00\uff1a\u300c\u771f\u5982\u6de8\u6cd5\u5be6\u7121\u65bc\u67d3\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u7121\u660e\u800c\u718f\u7fd2\u6545\uff0c\u5247\u6709\u67d3\u76f8\uff1b\u7121\u660e\u67d3\u6cd5\u5be6\u7121\u6de8\u696d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u771f\u5982\u800c\u718f\u7fd2\u6545\uff0c\u5247\u6709\u6de8\u7528\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u77e5\u975e\u6709\u6f0f\u7a2e\u5b50\u718f\u751f\u7121\u6f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u6709\u6f0f\u73fe\u884c\u9055\u53cd\u7121\u6f0f\u6de8\u6cd5\uff0c\u65af\u540d\u56e0\u7121\u660e\u718f\u800c\u6709\u67d3\u76f8\u4e5f\uff1b\u4ea6\u975e\u7121\u6f0f\u7a2e\u5b50\u718f\u751f\u6709\u6f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u7121\u6f0f\u73fe\u884c\u9055\u53cd\u6709\u6f0f\u67d3\u6cd5\uff0c\u65af\u540d\u56e0\u771f\u5982\u718f\u800c\u6709\u6de8\u7528\u4e5f\u3002\u300d\uff08\u540c\u4e0a\u63ed\u6587\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4ed6\u907f\u958b\u300c\u7a2e\u5b50\u718f\u7fd2\u300d\u800c\u8aaa\u300c\u73fe\u884c\u718f\u7fd2\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u8b02\u6709\u6f0f\u73fe\u884c\u3001\u7121\u6f0f\u73fe\u884c\u6240\u8d77\u7684\u67d3\u6de8\u5373\u662f\u718f\u7fd2\u3002\u7136\u800c\u73fe\u884c\u6240\u718f\u8005\u5373\u662f\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u7acb\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u5247\u300c\u7121\u660e\u718f\u300d\u3001\u300c\u771f\u5982\u718f\u300d\u8005\uff0c\u6240\u718f\u8005\u7a76\u70ba\u4f55\u8036\u3002\u5510\u5927\u5713\u672a\u80fd\u81ea\u5713\u5176\u8aaa\uff0c\u6545\u6b64\u8aaa\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u52d5\u6416\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u4e4b\u6240\u7834\uff0c\u5247\u5225\u5225\u800c\u7834\uff0c\u4ed6\u5148\u5c07\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u8981\u7fa9\u7d9c\u5408\uff0c\u8868\u5217\u5982\u6b21\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad62.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2427\" src=\"http:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad62-300x83.jpg\" alt=\"%e5%af%b6%e6%80%a7%e8%ab%962\" width=\"463\" height=\"128\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad62-300x83.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad62-768x212.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad62.jpg 838w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 463px) 100vw, 463px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u5f8c\u4e43\u7d9c\u8ad6\u4e4b\u66f0\u2500\u2500\u300c\u5982\u662f\u5247\u6b64\u8ad6\u6240\u4e91\u4e4b\u771f\u5982\uff0c\u70ba\u4e00\u5be6\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u6027\u662f\u5e38\uff0c\u5176\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u3002\u4ee5\u5176\u5e38\u6545\uff0c\u6027\u6046\u4e0d\u8b8a\uff1b\u4ee5\u5176\u4e00\u6545\uff0c\u904d\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff1b\u4ee5\u70ba\u5be6\u7269\u6545\uff0c\u80fd\u8f49\u8b8a\u751f\u8d77\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7686\u6b64\u771f\u5982\u4e4b\u73fe\u8c61\u53ca\u8207\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5e38\u60fa\u3008\u5927\u4e58\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u6599\u7c21\u99c1\u8b70\u3009\u5247\u8b02\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u7406\u89e3\u6709\u8aa4\u3002\u771f\u5982\u975e\u5e38\u4e00\u3001\u771f\u5982\u975e\u80fd\u751f\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u4e4b\u5be6\u7269\u3002\u7136\u6b64\u4e8c\u7fa9\u6b63\u70ba\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u8a8d\u70ba\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u8aaa\u771f\u5982\u5e38\u4e00\u3001\u80fd\u751f\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u5e38\u60fa\u5247\u8b02\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u5982\u975e\u662f\u6b64\u7fa9\u3002\u7136\u5247\u662f\u4ea6\u672a\u80fd\u7834\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u4e5f\uff0c\u84cb\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u6240\u64da\uff0c\u4e43\u5411\u4f86\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u6cd5\u85cf\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e38\u60fa\u975e\u7834\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\uff0c\u4e43\u7834\u6cd5\u85cf\u3001\u6167\u9060\u7b49\u53e4\u5fb7\uff0c\u8af8\u53e4\u5fb7\u7686\u8996\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u6240\u8aaa\u300c\u5fc3\u771f\u5982\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u6cd5\u754c\u5927\u7e3d\u76f8\u6cd5\u9580\u9ad4\u300d\u4e4b\u771f\u5982\u70ba\u771f\u5e38\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7136\u800c\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u65bc\u3008\u8d77\u4fe1\u5e73\u8b70\u3009\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ea6\u5224\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u70ba\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u300d\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u540c\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u4e4b\u6240\u8ad6\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u50c5\u5728\u65bc\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u8996\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u300d\u70ba\u5916\u9053\uff0c\u5370\u9806\u5247\u5224\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u4f5b\u5bb6\u7684\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u552f\u5fc3\u8ad6\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ea6\u6709\u5916\u9053\u795e\u6211\u8272\u5f69\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u5f15\uff0c\u5747\u898b\u300a\u53e2\u520a\u300b\u540c\u518a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u82e5\u300c\u5fc3\u771f\u5982\u300d\u70ba\u771f\u5e38\uff0c\u80fd\u751f\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff0c\u5247\u6b63\u53d7\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u6240\u7834\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u7684\u300c\u6599\u7c21\u300d\u8aaa\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4e00\u8005\u3001\u4f5b\u6cd5\u6240\u4e91\u771f\u5982\u7121\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8af8\u6cd5\u7a7a\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5247\u8b02\u771f\u5982\u5373\u9ad4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8af8\u6cd5\u672c\u8cea\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4e8c\u8005\u3001\u4f5b\u6cd5\u771f\u5982\u90fd\u7121\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u6027\u975e\u80fd\u751f\uff0c\u4e0d\u751f\u842c\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u6709\u842c\u6cd5\u6545\uff0c\u800c\u771f\u5982\u4e4b\u7406\u5373\u5b58\u3002\u800c\u6b64\u5247\u8b02\u771f\u5982\u80fd\u751f\uff0c\u751f\u8d77\u842c\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6709\u771f\u5982\u6545\uff0c\u800c\u842c\u6cd5\u8d77\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4e09\u8005\u3001\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4e91\u771f\u5982\u975e\u4ee5\u4e00\u5e38\u4f4f\u4e4b\u9ad4\u6545\uff0c\u8af8\u6cd5\u4f9d\u4e4b\u800c\u6709\u751f\u6ec5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u8af8\u6cd5\u751f\u6ec5\u7121\u5e38\u6545\uff0c\u800c\u986f\u6b64\u7121\u5e38\u4e4b\u5e38\u6027\uff0c\u540d\u4e4b\u66f0\u771f\u5982\u3002\u6b64\u5247\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u771f\u5982\u5e38\u4f4f\u4e4b\u5be6\u9ad4\u6545\uff0c\u8af8\u6cd5\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u751f\u6ec5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5fa9\u6b21\uff0c\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u6240\u8aaa\u4e4b\u300c\u4e00\u5fc3\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u3010<span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u8a3b\u3011\u6167\u9060\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u7fa9\u758f\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u65bc\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7d55\u8a00\u96e2\u7de3\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e5d\u8b58\uff0c\u96a8\u7de3\u8b8a\u8f49\u70ba\u7b2c\u516b\u8b58\u3002\u300d\uff08\u5927\u6b63\u2027\u56db\u5341\u56db\uff0cno. 1843\uff0c\u9801179\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6b64\u5373\u4ee5\u300c\u5fc3\u771f\u5982\u300d\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e5d\u8b58\uff1b\u300c\u5fc3\u751f\u6ec5\u300d\u70ba\u7b2c\u516b\u8b58\uff0c\u7d71\u651d\u65bc\u300c\u4e00\u5fc3\u300d\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u5373\u300a\u52dd\u9b18\u7d93\u300b\u6240\u4e91\u300c\u5982\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u6cd5\u8eab\u4e0d\u96e2\u7169\u60f1\u85cf\u540d\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5fa9\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u5f7c\u300a\u52dd\u9b18\u7d93\u300b\u5ba3\u8aaa\u4e8c\u8b58\uff0c\u4e00\u8005\u7a7a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u8b02\u8af8\u7169\u60f1\u7a7a\u7121\u81ea\u5be6\uff1b\u4e8c\u8005\u4e0d\u7a7a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u8b02\u904e\u6046\u6c99\u4e00\u5207\u4f5b\u6cd5\u3002\u300d\u6b64\u5373\u5982\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\uff0c\u4f46\u7acb\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\uff0c\u6240\u7a7a\u8005\u5373\u70ba\u7169\u60f1\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u800c\u300c\u5713\u6210\u5be6\u5584\u901d\u85cf\u8005\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\u81ea\u6027\u90fd\u4e0d\u7a7a\u3002\u300d\uff08\u591a\u7f85\u90a3\u4ed6\u300a\u4e2d\u89c0\u4ed6\u7a7a\u601d\u60f3\u8981\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u5f15\u6587\u4f9d\u8a31\u5f97\u5b58\u8b6f\u300a\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u6559\u6cd5\u53f2\u300b\u9644\u9304\uff0c\u9801300\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u662f\u6545\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u6240\u8aaa\u65e2\u70ba\u5e38\u4e00\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4fbf\u7576\u4ea6\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\u3002\u7531\u662f\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u9042\u4ea6\u4f9d\u6b64\u800c\u7834\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5982\u5442\u6f82\u3008\u8d77\u4fe1\u8207\u79aa\u2500\u2500\u5c0d\u65bc\u5927\u4e58\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u4f86\u6b77\u7684\u63a2\u8a0e\u3009\uff0c\u5373\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u653e\u5728\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7de3\u8d77\u300d\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u5373\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u548c\u85cf\u8b58\u7684\u540c\u7570\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u539f\u4f86\u4e5f\u662f\u300a\u695e\u4f3d\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u4f46\u539f\u672c\u300a\u695e\u4f3d\u300b\u662f\u5c07\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u548c\u85cf\u8b58\u770b\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9ad4\u3002\u300d\uff08\u540c\u4e0a\u300a\u53e2\u520a\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u8b02\u300a\u695e\u4f3d\u300b\u5c07\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u53ca\u85cf\u8b58\u770b\u6210\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e43\u7576\u6642\u5442\u6f82\u4e4b\u8aa4\u89e3\u3002\u82e5\u4f9d\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u8aaa\uff0c\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u85cf\u8b58\u300d\u7121\u975e\u53ea\u662f\u5fc3\u8b58\u5883\u754c\u3002\u6709\u60c5\u5fc3\u8b58\u65bc\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u6642\uff0c\u6b64\u5fc3\u8b58\u5883\u754c\u5373\u540d\u85cf\u8b58\uff1b\u82e5\u4e0d\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u5fc3\u8b58\u5883\u754c\u5373\u540d\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3002\u8996\u70ba\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u5373\u975e\u5be6\u9ad4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5442\u6f82\u8aa4\u89e3\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u5c07\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u53ca\u85cf\u8b58\u8aaa\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7576\u6642\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5176\u5f8c\u4ed6\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u5373\u5df2\u8f49\u8b8a\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u3008\u5165\u695e\u4f3d\u7d93\u8b1b\u8a18\u3009\u4e2d\u5df2\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u300c\u958b\u6f14\uff08\u4f5b\uff09\u81ea\u8b49\u5fc3\u5730\u6cd5\u9580\uff0c\u5373\u5c31\u773e\u751f\u8207\u4f5b\u5171\u540c\u5fc3\u5730\u70ba\u8a00\u4e5f\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4fbf\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u4e0d\u5c07\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u53ca\u85cf\u8b58\u770b\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u63a5\u7740\u8aaa\u516b\u8b58\u3001\u4e94\u6cd5\u3001\u4e09\u6027\u3001\u4e8c\u7121\u6211\u7b49\u300c\u56db\u6cd5\u300d\uff0c\u8aaa\u4e91\u300c\u56db\u9580\u6240\u5165\uff0c\u6b78\u65bc\u4e00\u8da3\uff0c\u5373\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3002\u300d\u4e26\u4e14\u5f37\u8abf\u300c\u6b64\u7fa9\u6975\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u516b\u8b58\u6b78\u65bc\u7121\u751f\uff0c\u4e94\u6cd5\u6975\u81f3\u7121\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e09\u6027\u6b78\u65bc\u7121\u6027\uff0c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6b78\u65bc\u7a7a\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u7686\u4ee5\u7570\u9580\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e5f\u3002\u300d\u90a3\u4fbf\u662f\u5c07\u7121\u751f\u3001\u7121\u4e8c\u3001\u7121\u6027\u3001\u7a7a\u6027\u90fd\u770b\u6210\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7684\u6cd5\u7570\u9580\uff0c\u9019\u4fbf\u8ddf\u5176\u5148\u6642\u5c07\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u770b\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7531\u662f\u4ed6\u7e3d\u7d50\u800c\u8a00\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7fa9\uff0c\u975e\u695e\u4f3d\u7368\u5021\uff0c\u81ea\u4f5b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u8aaa\uff0c\u7121\u7d93\u4e0d\u8f09\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u7570\u9580\u7acb\u8aaa\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7a7a\u3001\u7121\u751f\u3001\u7121\u4e8c\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u7121\u81ea\u6027\u76f8\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u7b49\u540d\uff0c\u8207\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7fa9\uff0c\u539f\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u73fe\u5728\u6f22\u571f\u552f\u8b58\u5b97\u7684\u5b78\u4eba\uff0c\u7531\u7834\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u4f86\u7834\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u5442\u6f82\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u8aa4\u89e3\u300a\u5165\u695e\u4f3d\u7d93\u300b\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7406\u6703\u5442\u6f82\u5f8c\u671f\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4f46\u80af\u5b9a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8aaa\u4f5b\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u8aaa\uff0c\u7121\u7d93\u4e0d\u8f09\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u4eba\u53ef\u8b02\u5be1\u805e\uff0c\u672a\u5168\u8b80\u81ea\u5b97\u524d\u8ce2\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5df2\u8b80\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u5df2\u6709\u6587\u7ae0\u5426\u5b9a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f9d\u7136\u5805\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u504f\u898b\uff0c\u90a3\u4fbf\u66f4\u52a0\u4e0d\u80fd\u7a31\u70ba\u5b78\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u52d2\u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u6240\u8b6f\u7684\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u78ba\u6709\u8996\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u50be\u5411\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u4fbf\u6613\u5f15\u8d77\u8aa4\u6703\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5982\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u65bc\u300a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ac7\u5230\u300c\u8f49\u4f9d\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u5f15\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u5be6\u9ad4\u8005\uff0c\u5411\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e0d\u96e2\u7169\u60f1\u969c\u6240\u7e8f\uff0c\u4ee5\u9060\u96e2\u8af8\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u8f49\u8eab\u5f97\u6e05\u6de8\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7531\u662f\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u8aaa\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u83e9\u63d0\u7684\u81ea\u6027\uff08\u5be6\u9ad4\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7684\u8f49\u4f9d\u5f97\u6e05\u6de8&#8230;&#8230;\u3002\u300d\uff08\u9801221\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u68b5\u85cf\u672c\u7686\u8aaa\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u81ea\u6027\u6e05\u6de8\uff0c\u96e2\u4e00\u5207\u7169\u60f1\u85cf\u3002\u4e16\u5c0a\uff0c\u904e\u65bc\u6046\u6cb3\u4e0d\u96e2\u4e0d\u812b\u4e0d\u7570\u4e0d\u601d\u8b70\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u5982\u4f86\u6cd5\u8eab\u3002\u4e16\u5c0a\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u5982\u4f86\u6cd5\u8eab\u4e0d\u96e2\u7169\u60f1\u85cf\uff0c\u540d\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u53ea\u8aaa\u300c\u81ea\u6027\u300d\uff08svabh\u0101va\uff09\uff0c\u672a\u8aaa\u70ba\u300c\u5be6\u9ad4\u300d\uff0c\u4ea6\u672a\u8aaa\u300c\u8f49\u8eab\u300d\u3002\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u986f\u7136\u662f\u53d7\u6f22\u8b6f\u8aa4\u5c0e\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u5728\u300c\u83e9\u63d0\u7684\u81ea\u6027\u300d\u4e0b\u8a3b\u300c\u5be6\u9ad4\u300d\u4e8c\u5b57\uff0c\u4e26\u7528\u4e0a\u300c\u8f49\u4f9d\u300d\u4e4b\u7fa9\u3002\u96e3\u602a\u4ed6\u6703\u5224\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u70ba\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u552f\u5fc3\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u84cb\u82e5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u6216\u300c\u5fc3\u771f\u5982\u300d\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\u300c\u771f\u5982\u80fd\u751f\u842c\u6cd5\u300d\u7684\u7de3\u8d77\uff0c\u4ea6\u7121\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u8f49\u4f9d\u300d\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u7de3\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u9055\u7de3\u751f\u6cd5\u5e73\u7b49\u6545\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5fc3\u771f\u5982\u82e5\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\u5247\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u7de3\u8d77\uff0c\u53ef\u64da\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u8aaa\u800c\u77e5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u65bc\u540c\u4e0a\u63ed\u6587\u4e2d\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u4eca\u6c5d\u771f\u5982\u80fd\u751f\u842c\u6cd5\uff0c\u842c\u6cd5\u5f9e\u771f\u5982\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u771f\u5982\u4e0d\u5f9e\u9918\u751f\uff0c\u771f\u5982\u4f46\u80fd\u751f\u800c\u975e\u662f\u6240\u751f\uff0c\u771f\u5982\u6027\u5e38\u4e00\u842c\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u4e00\u3002\u6709\u5982\u662f\u7b49\u4e4b\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u56e0\u3002\u56e0\u65e2\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u5247\u6c5d\u771f\u5982\u8207\u8af8\u5916\u9053\u3001\u68b5\u5929\u3001\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u6642\u529b\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u4e16\u6027\u3001\u6211\u7b49\u6709\u4f55\u5dee\u5225\uff1f\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u81f3\u65bc\u4e0d\u6210\u8f49\u4f9d\uff0c\u5247\u4ee5\u718f\u7fd2\u7fa9\u4e0d\u6210\u6545\uff0c\u4e14\u9ad4\u7528\u76f8\u9055\u6545\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u718f\u7fd2\u4e0d\u6210\uff0c\u5df2\u898b\u524d\u5f15\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9ad4\u7528\u76f8\u9055\uff0c\u5247\u5982\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u6240\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u5fa9\u6b21\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u8ad6\uff08\u6307\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\uff09\u4e2d\u6240\u4e91\u771f\u5982\u81ea\u9ad4\uff0c\u5f9e\u672c\u5df2\u4f86\u6027\u81ea\u6eff\u8db3\u4e00\u5207\u529f\u5fb7\u3002\u53c8\u4e91\u4e00\u5207\u51e1\u592b\u3001\u8072\u805e\u3001\u7de3\u89ba\u3001\u83e9\u85a9\u3001\u8af8\u4f5b\uff0c\u7121\u6709\u589e\u6e1b\uff0c\u7121\u751f\u7121\u6ec5\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u5e38\u6046\u7b49\u3002\u9ad4\u65e2\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u7528\u4ea6\u61c9\u7136\u3002\u6240\u751f\u8af8\u6cd5\u61c9\u540c\u4e00\u6e05\u6de8\u76f8\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u6709\u51e1\u8056\u4e09\u4e58\u3001\u5584\u60e1\u696d\u679c\u3001\u4e16\u51fa\u4e16\u9593\u8af8\u6cd5\u5dee\u5225\uff1f\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u82e5\u4e0d\u8996\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u53d7\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u6240\u7834\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u738b\u6069\u6d0b\u300c\u6599\u7c21\u300d\u4e09\u9ede\uff0c\u7686\u64da\u771f\u5982\u70ba\u5e38\u4e00\u5be6\u9ad4\u800c\u7834\uff0c\u6545\u82e5\u8996\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u50c5\u70ba\u96e2\u7169\u60f1\u85cf\uff08\u4e0d\u53d7\u7169\u60f1\u85cf\u6240\u7e8f\u3001\u6240\u67d3\uff09\u7684\u5fc3\u8b58\u72c0\u614b\uff08\u5883\u754c\uff09\uff0c\u5247\u5176\u300c\u6599\u7c21\u300d\u4e0d\u6210\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5fc3\u8b58\u542b\u5bb9\u842c\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u842c\u6cd5\u7686\u7531\u5fc3\u8b58\u751f\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u552f\u8b58\u6240\u4e91\uff1a\u8af8\u6cd5\u7531\u5fc3\u8b58\u8b8a\u73fe\uff0c\u842c\u6cd5\u4e0d\u96e2\u8b58\u4e4b\u7fa9\u3002\u975e\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u56e0\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u65e2\u70ba\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u6545\u53ef\u8f49\u4f9d\u3002\u8f49\u4f9d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u662f\u8aaa\u8f49\u6368\u7169\u60f1\u800c\u4f9d\u6e05\u6de8\uff0c\u6b64\u50c5\u70ba\u5fc3\u5883\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u6545\u53ef\u4e0d\u8aaa\u718f\u7fd2\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5efa\u7acb\u7a2e\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6545\u5c0d\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u8996\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u4e0d\u7a7a\u7684\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e43\u53d7\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u4ee5\u300c\u7de3\u751f\u300d\u7fa9\u7834\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u8996\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u50c5\u8996\u70ba\u5fc3\u6e05\u6de8\u76f8\uff0c\u5247\u8207\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u6240\u7acb\u300c\u7de3\u751f\u300d\u7fa9\u7121\u9055\uff0c\u4ee5\u975e\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e8c\u9580\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u53d7\u7834\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u4e86\u7fa9\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\uff0c\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u667a\u5883\u81ea\u986f\u73fe\u800c\u6210\u85cf\u8b58\u8b58\u5883\uff0c\u65af\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6b63\u898b\u3002\u4ee5\u6b64\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u4fee\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u6cd5\uff0c\u8b49\u89e3\u812b\u679c\u3002\u7136\u52a0\u884c\u89c0\u4fee\u537b\u4f9d\u6b21\u7b2c\u5404\u6709\u57fa\u9053\u679c\uff0c\u6b64\u5247\u7d55\u4e0d\u53ef\u7c60\u7d71\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u5e38\u5e38\u8aa4\u6703\uff0c\u4e00\u6d3e\u7acb\u4f55\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u5247\u5176\u89c0\u4fee\u4ea6\u5fc5\u9808\u5168\u4f9d\u6b64\u898b\u5730\u3002\u6b64\u5be6\u4e0d\u660e\u300c\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u300d\u4e4b\u610f\u3002\u65e2\u6709\u4fee\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\uff0c\u5247\u81ea\u6709\u6b21\u7b2c\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u8c48\u80fd\u4ee5\u4e00\u898b\u5730\u9ad8\u9ad8\u5728\u4e0a\uff0c\u7c60\u7f69\u5168\u90e8\u6b21\u7b2c\u89c0\u4fee\u8036\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6545\u84ee\u82b1\u751f\u5927\u58eb\u65bc\u300a\u7a7a\u884c\u6559\u6388\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u4ee5\u898b\u4e0b\u9054\uff0c\u4ee4\u884c\u8da8\u4e0a\u3002\u300d\u6b64\u5373\u96d6\u6709\u4e86\u7fa9\u6289\u64c7\u898b\uff0c\u7136\u4ecd\u9808\u6b21\u7b2c\u5411\u4e0b\u5efa\u7acb\u6289\u64c7\u898b\uff0c\u4ee4\u884c\u4eba\u5f97\u4f9d\u6b21\u7b2c\u800c\u89c0\u4fee\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u7b2c\u5f97\u6c7a\u5b9a\u898b\u800c\u6b21\u7b2c\u5411\u4e0a\u73fe\u8b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e94\u00a0 \u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8207\u4e2d\u89c0<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4f5b\u6559\u50b3\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u6709\u5169\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5c0d\u897f\u85cf\u4f5b\u5b78\u767c\u751f\u6df1\u9060\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u4e00\u70ba\u6f22\u50e7\u6469\u8a36\u884d\u8207\u5370\u5ea6\u84ee\u82b1\u6212\uff08Kamala\u015b\u012bla\uff09 \u8ad6\u8acd\u5931\u6557\uff1b\u4e00\u70ba\u8b6f\u5e2b\u667a\u8ecd\uff08Ye shes sde\uff09\u8457\u300a\u898b\u5dee\u5225\u300b\uff08<em>lTa ba&#8217;i khyad par<\/em>\uff09\u5224\u6559\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u6469\u8a36\u884d\u8207\u5370\u5ea6\u84ee\u82b1\u6212\u8ad6\u8acd\u4e8b\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u66fe\u6709\u6587\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u984c\u70ba\u3008\u300c\u738b\u932b\u9813\u609f\u5927\u4e58\u653f\u7406\u6c7a\u5e8f\u8aaa\u4e26\u6821\u8a18\u300d\u66f8\u5f8c\u3009\uff08\u520a\u300a\u5167\u660e\u300b144\u671f\uff0c1984\u5e743\u6708\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u667a\u8ecd\u300a\u898b\u5dee\u5225\u300b\u6709\u90b5\u980c\u96c4\u8b6f\u672c\uff0c\u6536\u300a\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u56db\u90e8\u5b97\u7fa9\u91cb\u300b\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5168\u4f5b\u6587\u5316\uff0c2008\uff09\uff0c\u8aaa\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u552f\u8b58\u8ad6\u5e2b\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u5916\u5883\u7121\u6709\u800c\u552f\u5fc3\u986f\u73fe\u70ba\u5883\u300d\uff0c\u4f9d\u4e2d\u89c0\u8ad6\u5e2b\u4e4b\u6289\u64c7\uff0c\u6b64\u4ea6\u7121\u53ef\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7531\u662f\u906e\u64a5\u552f\u8b58\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u906e\u64a5\uff1f\u5247\u4e91\uff1a\u5916\u5883\u975e\u8b58\u7684\u81ea\u6027\uff0c\u8b58\u5247\u4e0d\u70ba\u8272\u6cd5\u3002\u6545\u5916\u5883\u5982\u5fc3\u5247\u4e0d\u6210\u7a2e\u7a2e\u5883\uff1b\u82e5\u5fc3\u5982\u5916\u5883\uff0c\u5247\u5fc3\u4ea6\u61c9\u8f49\u6210\u5f62\u8272\uff0c\u82e5\u8272\u6cd5\u5982\u5fc3\uff0c\u5247\u6210\u7121\u73fe\uff0c\u6545\u53ef\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u5fc3\u6027\u986f\u73fe\u5916\u5883\u5373\u4e0d\u61c9\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6b64\u8aaa\u672a\u7cbe\uff0c\u552f\u662f\u64da\u5c0f\u4e2d\u89c0\u57f7\u7740\u81ea\u6027\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u5176\u5f8c\u667a\u8ecd\u5c1a\u64da\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u898b\u8a73\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u9304\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6469\u8a36\u884d\u8207\u84ee\u82b1\u6212\u7684\u8ad6\u8acd\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u5b78\u8005\u6234\u5bc6\u5fae\uff08Paul Demi\u00e9ville 1894-1979\uff09\u6709\u8a73\u7d30\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u6240\u53ca\u662f\u4ee4\u897f\u85cf\u4f5b\u5bb6\u754f\u8ac7\u79aa\u5b97\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f8c\u8d77\u7684\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\uff0c\u5c0d\u6469\u8a36\u884d\u7684\u6307\u8cac\u53ef\u8b02\u8072\u8272\u4ff1\u53b2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u5728\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\u58eb\u9053\u2027\u5962\u6469\u4ed6\u7ae0\uff09\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\ufe5d\u300a\u89e3\u6df1\u5bc6\u7d93\u300b\ufe5e\u5ba3\u8aaa\u6bd8\u7f3d\u820d\u90a3\u662f\u89c0\u5bdf\u6167\uff0c\u6700\u6975\u660e\u986f\u7121\u53ef\u62b5\u8cf4\uff0c\u50b3\u8aaa\u652f\u90a3\u582a\u5e03\uff08\u6309\uff0c\u5373\u6469\u8a36\u884d\uff09\u898b\u5df2\uff0c\u8b17\u4e91\uff1a\u300e\u6b64\u662f\u7d93\u5426\u4e0d\u5f97\u800c\u77e5\u3002\u300f\u7528\u8db3\u8e0f\u6bc0\u3002\u56e0\u5f7c\u5984\u8a08\u4e00\u5207\u5206\u5225\u7686\u57f7\u5be6\u76f8\uff0c\u8981\u68c4\u89c0\u6167\u5168\u4e0d\u4f5c\u610f\uff0c\u4e43\u70ba\u89c0\u4fee\u751a\u6df1\u6cd5\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e0d\u9806\u6b64\u7d93\uff0c\u6545\u7528\u8db3\u8e0f\u6bc0\u3002\u73fe\u898b\u591a\u6709\u96a8\u6b64\u6d3e\u8005\u3002\u300d\uff08\u6cd5\u5c0a\u6cd5\u5e2b\u8b6f\u6587\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9019\u662f\u5c0d\u6469\u8a36\u884d\u6240\u50b3\u79aa\u6cd5\u7684\u6307\u8cac\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4ea6\u65c1\u53ca\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u300c\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u300d\u3001\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\u7684\u300c\u5927\u624b\u5370\u300d\u3001\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\u7684\u300c\u9053\u679c\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5f8c\u4f86\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u514b\u4e3b\u5091 \uff08mkhas grub rje 1385-1438\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u79d8\u5bc6\u50b3\u8a18\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d22\u6027\u6307\u65a5\u6469\u8a36\u884d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u70ba\u300c\u755c\u751f\u4fee\u6cd5\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u81f3\u65bc\u667a\u8ecd\u8457\u300a\u898b\u5dee\u5225\u300b\u552f\u8a31\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u898b\uff0c\u800c\u8996\u552f\u8b58\u8ad6\u8005\u70ba\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u6240\u53ca\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u4fbf\u5f88\u5c11\u5b78\u8005\u5c08\u9580\u7814\u7a76\u552f\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u6d3e\u300d\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u5247\u4f54\u76e1\u512a\u52e2\u3002\u667a\u8ecd\u7684\u5224\u6559\u5be6\u57fa\u65bc\u89c0\u4fee\u7684\u6289\u64c7\u4f86\u4f5c\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u7740\u91cd\u5be6\u89c0\u4fee\uff08\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\uff09\uff0c\u4ea6\u6b63\u662f\u667a\u8ecd\u6240\u5c6c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u6d3e\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5728\u9019\u5169\u91cd\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u5b78\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u300d\u4fbf\u9060\u6bd4\u7814\u7a76\u552f\u8b58\u70ba\u76db\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u552f\u8b58\u5bb6\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u7c21\u76f4\u4e0d\u6210\u6c23\u5019\u3002\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u3001\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\u3001\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\uff0c\u7121\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4f5c\u70ba\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u66f4\u7121\u8ad6\u53d7\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u56b4\u53b2\u6279\u5224\u7684\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u9019\u822c\u91cd\u8996\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u5927\u5e2b\u50b3\u4f86\u7684\u6b62\u89c0\u4fee\u6cd5\uff0c\u70ba\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u4e2d\u89c0\u6d3e\u7684\u4fee\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u6b63\u662f\u6b64\u6d3e\u7528\u4ee5\u6289\u64c7\u53ca\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u898b\u5730\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u53c3\u770b\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u8af8\u7e8c\u3001\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\u7684\u5927\u624b\u5370\u8af8\u7e8c\u3001\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\u7684\u300a\u9053\u679c\u300b\u5373\u53ef\u77e5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5c0d\u8af8\u6d3e\u7684\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u8aaa\u5f97\u5f88\u542b\u7cca\u3002\u5982\u300a\u571f\u89c0\u5b97\u6d3e\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\u8aaa\u300c\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\u5c0d\u65bc\u898b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7acb\u8ad6\u300d\u4e00\u7bc0\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u6587\u6b8a\u6019\u4e3b\u85a9\u73ed\u548c\u7d68\u6566\u7b49\u8af8\u5927\u5fb7\uff0c\u7686\u4ee5\u4e2d\u89c0\u81ea\u7e8c\u898b\u70ba\u4e3b\uff1b\u4ec1\u9054\u74e6\u5c0a\u8005\u53c8\u662f\u6301\u4e2d\u89c0\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u898b\u3002\u91cb\u8fe6\u52dd\u521d\u5c1a\u4e2d\u89c0\uff0c\u4e2d\u6301\u552f\u8b58\uff0c\u5f8c\u57f7\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u898b\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u9084\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4ee5\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u898b\u70ba\u6b8a\u52dd\u8005\u3002\u300d\u6587\u4e2d\u8aaa\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\u4ee5\u4e2d\u89c0\u81ea\u7e8c\u898b\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u537b\u8aaa\u7ae5\u6167\u5927\u5e2b\uff08\u4ec1\u9054\u74e6 Red mda ba gzhon nu blo gros, 1348-1412\uff09\u6301\u4e2d\u89c0\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u898b\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u7ae5\u6167\u5927\u5e2b\u5373\u662f\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0a\u5e2b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u53c8\u8aaa\u5230\u91cb\u8fe6\u52dd\uff0c\u7531\u4e2d\u89c0\u8f49\u70ba\u552f\u8b58\uff0c\u518d\u8f49\u70ba\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u53c8\u8aaa\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u4ee5\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u898b\u70ba\u6b8a\u52dd\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4fbf\u7b49\u65bc\u5c07\u7121\u4e0a\u745c\u4f3d\u7e8c\u5404\u6d3e\u90fd\u727d\u6d89\u5165\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\u898b\u3002\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u7d71\u6b78\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u898b\uff0c\u90a3\u4fbf\u7c21\u55ae\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f8c\u5f18\u671f\u7684\u7e59\u8b6f\uff0c\u91cd\u8996\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7d93\u8ad6\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4fc4\u8b6f\u5e2b\u6240\u50b3\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u7d55\u5927\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u53c3\u300a\u9752\u53f2\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\u5927\u5bf6\u85cf\u8ad6\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u9019\u5169\u9ede\u56e0\u7d20\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u662f\u76f8\u8f14\u76f8\u6210\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u4fbf\u4ee4\u5230\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u6210\u70ba\u897f\u85cf\u4f5b\u6559\u6559\u6cd5\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u3002\u9019\u60c5\u5f62\u5230\u4e86\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u624d\u6709\u6240\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u59cb\u7d42\u91cd\u8996\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u96d6\u672a\u8a3b\u91cb\u6b64\u8ad6\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u537b\u6307\u5b9a\u5f1f\u5b50\u5fc5\u9808\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5927\u5f1f\u5b50\u5091\u66f9\u5df4\uff08\u76db\u5bf6Rgyal tshab Dar ma rin chen, 1364-1423\uff09\u6240\u8a3b\u7684\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u91cb\u300b\uff08<em>Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma\u2019i \u0163<\/em><em>\u012bk\u0101<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u70ba\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5178\u7c4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6b64\u4e2d\u5f8c\u5f18\u671f\u7684\u7e59\u8b6f\u5f15\u5165\u300c\u6148\u6c0f\u4e94\u8ad6\u300d\uff0c\u5be6\u5728\u5f71\u97ff\u6df1\u9060\u3002\u7576\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5341\u516d\u6b72\u96e2\u9109\u5230\u885b\u85cf\u6c42\u6cd5\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0a\u5e2b\u9813\u73e0\u4ec1\u6b3d\u64b0\u5048\u980c\u9001\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5373\u6709\u6307\u793a\u4ed6\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u6b64\u4e94\u8ad6\u7684\u5048\u980c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u64da\u300a\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u8a55\u50b3\u300b\uff08\u73ed\u73ed\u591a\u6770\u8457\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4eac\u83ef\u793e\uff0c1995\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u5c0d\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u514b\u4e3b\u5091\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u660e\u5176\u898b\u5730\u3002\u5f7c\u8a31\u6709\u60c5\u5fc3\u8b58\u4e2d\u6709\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u7136\u537b\u4e0d\u8a31\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5373\u4f5b\u6cd5\u8eab\uff08\u4f5b\u81ea\u6027\u8eab\uff09\u3002\u8a31\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8207\u4f5b\u6cd5\u8eab\u540c\u5c6c\u7121\u70ba\u3001\u975e\u6709\u3001\u5e38\u6046\u5805\u56fa\u800c\u4f4f\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u8a31\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5177\u8db3\u5be6\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u53ef\u8996\u70ba\u64da\u300c\u4e2d\u89c0\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u300d\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u53c3David Seyfort Ruegg, &#8220;On the dGe-lugs-pa Theory of the Tath\u0101gatagarbha&#8221;\uff0c\u6536<em>Praj\u00f1\u0101p\u0101ramit\u0101 and Related Systems, Studies in Honor of Edward Conze<\/em>\uff08L. Lancaster, ed.\uff09 Pratidanam, 1968\uff1b\u62d9\u8b6f\u514b\u4e3b\u5091\uff08mKhas grub rje\uff09\u300a\u5bc6\u7e8c\u90e8\u7e3d\u5efa\u7acb\u5ee3\u91cb\u300b\uff08<em>Rgyud sde spyi&#8217;i rnam par gzag pa rgyas par brjod<\/em>\uff09\uff08\u6536\u300a\u50b3\u7d71\u6587\u5316\u5178\u7c4d\u5c0e\u8b80\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u95dc\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u554f\u984c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u7a7a\u6027\u7406\u8ad6\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u84cb\u8af8\u5b97\u6d3e\u7121\u4e00\u4e0d\u8a8d\u8a31\u7a7a\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u64da\u4f55\u6210\u865b\u7a7a\u6027\u3001\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u7a7a\u6291\u6216\u4e0d\u7a7a\uff0c\u5247\u6210\u8acd\u8ad6\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u8a8d\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e0d\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e0d\u7a7a\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u6240\u5177\u771f\u5982\u5be6\u6027\u4ea6\u4e0d\u7a7a\u3002\u6240\u9808\u7a7a\u8005\u70ba\u6c61\u67d3\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u7684\u5ba2\u5875\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u5206\u5225\u5fc3\u6240\u5047\u7acb\u3001\u7528\u540d\u8a00\u8868\u793a\u7684\u865b\u5984\u76f8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u7a7a\u8005\u70ba\u4e8b\u7269\u771f\u5be6\u672c\u9ad4\uff08\u771f\u5982\u5be6\u6027\u4e4b\u9ad4\uff09\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u300c\u4ed6\u300d\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u5916\u52a0\u65bc\u672c\u9ad4\u7684\u865b\u5984\u5206\u5225\u3002\u7531\u662f\u8aaa\u70ba\u300c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u300d\u3002\u9019\u500b\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u8207\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff0c\u662f\u6545\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u4fbf\u53ef\u4f9d\u9644\u5370\u5ea6\u8ad6\u5e2b\u4e2d\u300c\u96a8\u9806\u5047\u76f8\u552f\u8b58\u7121\u57a2\u6d3e\u300d\u6301\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u8005\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u8b02\u7121\u8457\u3001\u4e16\u89aa\u3001\u9673\u90a3\u3001\u5b89\u6167\u7686\u8aaa\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u3002\uff08\u53c3\u8003\u591a\u7f85\u90a3\u4ed6\u300a\u4ed6\u7a7a\u601d\u60f3\u8981\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u898b\u300a\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u6559\u6cd5\u53f2\u300b\u9644\u9304\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5728\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u300c\u6bd7\u9262\u820d\u90a3\u7ae0\u300d\u4e2d\uff0c\u8aaa\u6709\u4e09\u7a2e\u7a7a\u6027\u898b\uff0c\u4e00\u8005\u592a\u904e\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u4e0d\u53ca\uff0c\u4e09\u8005\u5373\u70ba\u5176\u81ea\u5b97\u3002\u5982\u662f\u5b89\u7acb\u4e09\u7a2e\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u5be6\u6b32\u76e1\u7834\u7576\u6642\u897f\u85cf\u5404\u5b97\u6d3e\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u898b\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u727d\u6d89\u592a\u5ee3\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u8a73\u8aaa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6211\u5011\u5148\u770b\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5927\u58eb\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u898b\u65bc\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u672c\u61c9\u5fb5\u5f15\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u7bc7\u5e45\u592a\u5ee3\u3002\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u65bc\u300a\u4e2d\u89c0\u4eca\u8ad6\u300b\uff08\u6b63\u805e\u7248\uff09\u66fe\u7bc0\u9304\u5176\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4eca\u5f15\u8ff0\u5982\u6b21\uff08\u898b\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u592a\u904e\u6d3e\u4e3b\u5f35\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u6027\u7a7a\uff0c\u7a7a\u80fd\u7834\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f9e\u8272\u4e43\u81f3\u6e7c\u69c3\u3001\u83e9\u63d0\u7121\u4e0d\u80fd\u7834\uff0c\u6b64\u70ba\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u6240\u4e0d\u8a31\u3002\u7834\u58de\u7de3\u8d77\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u62b9\u715e\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u3002\u300d\uff08\u9801184\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u4e0d\u53ca\u6d3e&#8230;&#8230;\u6b64\u6d3e\u4ee5\u70ba\u7121\u81ea\u6027\u7a7a\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u7834\u7684\u81ea\u6027\uff0c\u542b\u7fa9\u6709\u4e09\u5dee\u5225\uff1a\u4e00\u975e\u7531\u56e0\u7de3\u6240\u751f\uff1b\u4e8c\u6642\u4f4d\u7121\u8b8a\uff1b\u4e09\u4e0d\u5f85\u4ed6\u7acb\u3002\u89c0\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7684\u81ea\u6027\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f97\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u7834\u9664\u65bc\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u4e0a\u542b\u6b64\u4e09\u7a2e\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u81ea\u6027\u898b\u3002\u4f9d\u6b64\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u53ef\u8b49\u609f\u52dd\u7fa9\u7a7a\u6027\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u812b\u3002\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u8a55\u6b64\u70ba\u4e0d\u53ca\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u70ba\u4ed6\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u300e\u4e0d\u7531\u56e0\u7de3\u6240\u751f\u300f\u70ba\u4e0d\u53ca\uff0c\u5373\u6c92\u6709\u5fb9\u5e95\u7834\u9664\u5fae\u7d30\u7684\u81ea\u6027\u898b\u3002\u300d\uff08\u9801186\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u300a\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u65bc\u7834\u592a\u904e\u8207\u4e0d\u53ca\u5f8c\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u81ea\u5b97\u7684\u6b63\u898b\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u6708\u7a31\u8ad6\u5e2b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u3002\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u4ee5\u70ba\uff1a\u7de3\u8d77\u6cd5\u5373\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\uff0c\u7a7a\u662f\u4e0d\u7834\u58de\u7de3\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u627f\u8a8d\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7a7a\uff0c\u5373\u5047\u6709\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u627f\u8a8d\u6709\u81ea\u76f8\uff0c\u8207\u81ea\u7e8c\u6d3e\u7684\u4e0d\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b\u96d6\u627f\u8a8d\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7a7a\u800c\u4e0d\u8a31\u7834\u7de3\u8d77\uff0c\u6545\u53c8\u8207\u592a\u904e\u6d3e\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u300d\uff08\u9801189\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u800c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5f1f\u5b50\u5091\u66f9\u5df4\u65bc\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u91cb\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fa9\u8aaa\u8b02\u5c0d\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u932f\u8aa4\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u4e00\u8005\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u8ae6\uff1b\u4e8c\u8005\u8aa4\u8a8d\u7a7a\u6027\u70ba\u53ef\u7531\u667a\u8b49\u7684\u5be6\u6709\u672c\u9ad4\uff0c\u5982\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u552f\u5fc3\u8ad6\u8005\u300d\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u5373\u662f\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\u8207\u300c\u4e0d\u53ca\u300d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\u5be6\u6307\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\uff0c\u6b64\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u752f\u746a\u3001\u85a9\u8fe6\u3001\u5676\u8209\u7b49\u6d3e\u5728\u5167\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u7834\u58de\u7de3\u8d77\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8aaa\u52dd\u7fa9\u8ae6\u300c\u96e2\u7de3\u8d77\u300d\uff0c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4ea6\u96e2\u7de3\u8d77\uff1b\u81f3\u65bc\u4e0d\u53ca\u6d3e\uff0c\u5247\u6307\u552f\u8b58\u5e2b\u8207\u4ed6\u7a7a\u6d3e\uff0c\u672a\u63d0\u5230\u81ea\u7e8c\u5e2b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u4f9d\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u64da\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u4e4b\u8aaa\u7acb\u70ba\u4e09\u5b97\u2500\u2500\u865b\u5984\u552f\u8b58\u3001\u6027\u7a7a\u552f\u540d\u3001\u771f\u5e38\u552f\u5fc3\u3002\u6b64\u4e2d\u865b\u5984\u552f\u8b58\u70ba\u300c\u4e0d\u53ca\u300d\uff0c\u771f\u5e38\u552f\u5fc3\u70ba\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\u3002\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff08\u898b\u300a\u4e2d\u89c0\u4eca\u8ad6\u300b\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u552f\u8b58\u8005\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u4e0d\u7a7a\u5047\u540d\u8ad6\u5e2b\u3002\u300a\u745c\u4f3d\u8ad6\u300b\u7b49\u53cd\u5c0d\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u6027\u7a7a&#8230;&#8230; \u4e3b\u5f35\u4f9d\u5be6\u7acb\u5047\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7a7a\u70ba\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\u3002\u300d\uff08\u9801190\uff09\u2500\u2500\u662f\u6545\u4ed6\u5373\u5224\u4e4b\u70ba\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u4e0d\u53ca\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u8005\u81ea\u4ee5\u70ba\u662f\u300e\u7a7a\u904e\u4f86\u7684\u300f&#8230;&#8230; \u4e0d\u7a7a\u5999\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u672c\u8cea\u662f\u7834\u58de\u7de3\u8d77\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u3002\u8ff7\u771f\u8d77\u5984\uff0c\u4e0d\u8b8a\u96a8\u7de3\uff0c\u7834\u76f8\u986f\u6027\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6b64\u5b97\u7684\u5999\u8ad6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u8d70\u6b64\u8def\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u65e2\u627f\u8a8d\u7de3\u8d77\u6027\u7a7a\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u80fd\u5982\u552f\u8b58\u8005\u7acb\u4e0d\u7a7a\u7684\u7de3\u8d77\u3002\u4ee5\u70ba\u7a7a\u662f\u7834\u4e00\u5207\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5982\u4e2d\u89c0\u8005\u65bc\u5373\u7a7a\u7684\u7de3\u8d77\u6210\u7acb\u5982\u5e7b\u6709\u3002\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u5728\u81ea\u4ee5\u70ba\u300e\u7a7a\u904e\u4f86\u300f\u5f8c\uff0c\u65bc\u5999\u6709\u7684\u771f\u5982\u6cd5\u6027\u4e2d\u6210\u7acb\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u6d3e\u5c0d\u65bc\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e5f\u9084\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u5f97\u4e0d\u5920\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u7a7a\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u592a\u904e\u4e86\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u7121\u6cd5\u6210\u7acb\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u9019\u624d\u8f49\u904e\u8eab\u4f86\uff0c\u5f9e\u5999\u6709\u4e0a\u5b89\u8eab\u7acb\u547d\uff0c\u4f9d\u820a\u662f\u81ea\u6027\u771f\u5be6\u4e0d\u7a7a\u3002\u300d\uff08\u9801190-191\uff09\u2500\u2500\u662f\u6545\u4ed6\u5373\u5224\u4e4b\u70ba\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7136\u800c\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u8aaa\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u552f\u5fc3\u300d\u70ba\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u8ddf\u5091\u66f9\u5df4\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5370\u9806\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u6f22\u571f\u5c0d\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u3001\u300a\u695e\u4f3d\u300b\u3001\u300a\u52dd\u9b18\u300b\u7684\u898b\u5730\u800c\u8aaa\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u70ba\u4e0d\u7a7a\u7684\u8af8\u5b97\u6d3e\u3002\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7684\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u7576\u7136\u4ea6\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5167\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6b64\u6d3e\u7684\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u6070\u5982\u6f22\u571f\u5c0d\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u898b\u5730\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5091\u66f9\u5df4\u537b\u4e0d\u540c\u5370\u9806\uff0c\u4ed6\u5224\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u70ba\u300c\u4e0d\u53ca\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u6f22\u85cf\u4e8c\u5730\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5370\u9806\u8aa4\u89e3\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u4e4b\u6240\u6307\uff0c\u6545\u5176\u6240\u5224\u4ea6\u4fbf\u4e0d\u5408\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u539f\u610f\u3002\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u6240\u91dd\u5c0d\u7684\u300c\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u975e\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u624d\u6703\u8aaa\u300c\u4e0d\u7a7a\u5999\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u672c\u8cea\u662f\u7834\u58de\u7de3\u8d77\u6cd5\u7684\u3002\u300d\uff08\u9801191\uff09\u7528\u4ee5\u9644\u6703\u5b97\u5927\u58eb\u4e4b\u6240\u8aaa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u56e0\u6b64\u82e5\u4f9d\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u6240\u5224\uff0c\u5247\u752f\u746a\u3001\u85a9\u8fe6\u3001\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\u7b49\u6240\u6301\u7684\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5be6\u672a\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u4e09\u5b97\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u5b97\u4e4b\u5167\u3002\u5176\u6240\u5224\u53ea\u89f8\u53ca\u83ef\u56b4\u53ca\u5929\u53f0\u7684\u898b\u5730\u3002\u82e5\u4f9d\u5091\u66f9\u5df4\u6240\u5224\uff0c\u5247\u51e1\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u300c\u4e0d\u53ca\u300d\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u5373\u752f\u746a\u3001\u85a9\u8fe6\u3001\u5676\u8209\u7b49\u6d3e\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5373\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u3002\u6545\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u91dd\u5c0d\u8005\uff0c\u5be6\u70ba\u4e3b\u5f35\u300c\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u6d3e\u7cfb\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u6210\u7acb\u300c\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u300d\u70ba\u4e86\u7fa9\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5b89\u7acb\u81ea\u5b97\u7684\u6839\u64da\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u5c07\u5091\u66f9\u5df4\u53ca\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u4e4b\u6240\u7834\u7acb\uff0c\u8868\u5217\u6bd4\u8f03\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad61.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2426\" src=\"http:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad61-300x203.jpg\" alt=\"%e5%af%b6%e6%80%a7%e8%ab%961\" width=\"393\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad61-300x203.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad61-110x75.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad61.jpg 530w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 393px) 100vw, 393px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6b64\u4e2d\u5091\u66f9\u5df4\u4e4b\u6240\u7834\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u6bd4\u5370\u9806\u6240\u7834\u70ba\u5ee3\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u4e4b\u8aaa\u70ba\u300c\u4e0d\u53ca\u300d\u8005\uff0c\u5df2\u5305\u62ec\u5370\u987a\u5224\u70ba\u300c\u771f\u5e38\u552f\u5fc3\u300d\u53ca\u300c\u865b\u5984\u552f\u8b58\u300d\u8005\u5728\u5167\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5091\u66f9\u5df4\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\uff0c\u5370\u9806\u5247\u6839\u672c\u672a\u5224\u3002\u5091\u66f9\u5df4\u4e4b\u7834\u5f88\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u5373\u662f\u771f\u5e38\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u6240\u7a7a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u53ca\uff1b\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u8af8\u6d3e\u4e0d\u8aaa\u56e0\u7de3\u6240\u751f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\u3002\u7121\u9808\u5982\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u8981\u300c\u8f49\u904e\u8eab\u4f86\uff0c\u5f9e\u5999\u6709\u4e0a\u5b89\u8eab\u7acb\u547d\u300d\u5efa\u7acb\u771f\u5e38\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5370\u9806\u6cd5\u5e2b\u7684\u4e09\u7cfb\u5224\u6559\u96d6\u6e90\u81ea\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u8207\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u4e0d\u5408\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u65bc\u4f5c\u4e09\u7cfb\u5224\u6559\u6642\uff0c\u50c5\u770b\u904e\u6cd5\u5c0a\u6cd5\u5e2b\u4e00\u4e9b\u672a\u767c\u8868\u7684\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u8ad6\u8457\uff0c\u4e26\u672a\u5168\u9762\u7406\u89e3\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u70ba\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5b97\u800c\u4f5c\u7684\u5224\u6559\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u800c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u537b\u5f15\u8d77\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u53ca\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\u7684\u53cd\u99c1\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ee3\uff0c\u5373\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u5b78\u8005\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u540c\u610f\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u5b78\u8005\u683c\u6566\u2027\u6cd5\u5409\u7965\uff08dGe &#8216;dun chos &#8216;phel\uff0c1905-1951\uff09\u65bc\u62c9\u85a9\u6559\u6388\u4e2d\u89c0\u6642\uff0c\u6279\u8a55\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u898b\u70ba\u300c\u65b7\u898b\u300d\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u7d66\u4ed6\u4e00\u500b\u5b78\u751f\u7d00\u9304\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u5beb\u6210\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u984c\u70ba\u300a\u4e2d\u9053\u751a\u6df1\u7fa9\u5584\u8aaa\u8ad6\u2027\u9f8d\u6a39\u898b\u9b18\u300b\uff08<em>dBu ma&#8217;i zab gdal snying por dril bai legs bshad klu sgrub dgongs rgyan, Zla ba bzang po<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u8457\u6d41\u50b3\u5f8c\u5f15\u8d77\u8ed2\u7136\u5927\u6ce2\u3002\u65bc1947\u5e74\uff0c\u683c\u6566\u2027\u6cd5\u5409\u7965\u88ab\u897f\u85cf\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee5\u89aa\u6f22\u4eba\u7684\u7f6a\u540d\u902e\u6355\u3002\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u8457\u5f8c\u4f86\u65bc1950\u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u683c\u6566\u2027\u6cd5\u5409\u7965\u5247\u65bc1949\u5e74\u7372\u91cb\u3002\u2500\u2500\u898b Jeffrey Hopkins, <em>Tibetan Arts of Love<\/em>\uff08Snow Lion, 1992\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u4e0d\u6557\u5c0a\u8005\uff08Mi pham &#8216;Jam dbyangs rnam rgyal rgya mtsho, 1846-1912\uff09\u5728\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u7121\u4e0a\u7e8c\u8ad6\u91cb\u2027\u81f3\u5c0a\u5f4c\u52d2\u6559\u6cd5\u7fa9\u7406\u300b\uff08<em>Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma&#8217;i bstan bcos kyi mchan &#8216;grel mi pham zhal lung<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u898b\u5be6\u70ba\u6b63\u898b\u3002\u9019\u5373\u662f\u5c0d\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u7834\u70ba\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\u7684\u7b54\u8faf\u3002\u5c0a\u8005\u64da\u300a\u4e0d\u589e\u4e0d\u6e1b\u7d93\u300b\uff0c\u8aaa\u6b32\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e2d\u53bb\u9664\u90a3\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u5be6\u4e0d\u61c9\u7406\uff0c\u84cb\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e2d\u5be6\u7121\u4e00\u6cd5\u53ef\u6e1b\uff1b\u4ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u52a0\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u65b0\u8a2d\u65bd\u7684\u5fb7\u6027\uff0c\u84cb\u65bc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e2d\u5be6\u7121\u4e00\u6cd5\u53ef\u589e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u800c\u7169\u60f1\u537b\u8207\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7169\u60f1\u53ef\u4ee5\u85c9\u7a7a\u6027\u898b\u800c\u906e\u9063\uff0c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u672c\u9ad4\u96d6\u7a7a\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u53ef\u906e\u9063\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8207\u5341\u529b\u56db\u7121\u754f\u7b49\u4f5b\u7684\u5fb7\u6027\u5e38\u4ff1\uff0c\u5982\u65e5\u8207\u5149\u660e\u5e38\u4ff1\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u4f5b\u7684\u5fb7\u6027\u4e0d\u53ef\u8aaa\u4e4b\u70ba\u7a7a\u7121\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u96d6\u5177\u7a7a\u6027\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u7a7a\u6027\u898b\u906e\u9063\u5176\u6cd5\u723e\u5fb7\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u4e0d\u6557\u5c0a\u8005\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u53ef\u8aaa\u70ba\u300c\u7a7a\u300d\u8207\u300c\u4e0d\u7a7a\u300d\u800c\u7121\u904e\u5931\uff08\u540c\u6642\u4ea6\u986f\u793a\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u70ba\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\uff0c\u6b64\u8655\u5c07\u4e0d\u8ad6\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u65bc\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u7834\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\uff0c\u5be6\u7834\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u4e4b\u8b02\u300c\u89ba\u6027\u6cd5\u723e\u800c\u73fe\uff0c\u6545\u96e2\u56e0\u679c\u300d\uff08\u5f15\u6566\u73e0\u6cd5\u738b\u300a\u4e2d\u89c0\u5b97\u5b97\u7fa9\u300b\u8a9e\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u96e2\u7de3\u8d77\ufe5d\u56e0\u679c\ufe5e\u70ba\u4e0d\u61c9\u7406\u3002\u4e0d\u6557\u5c0a\u8005\u5247\u89e3\u91cb\u7169\u60f1\u85cf\u70ba\u7de3\u8d77\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5247\u6cd5\u723e\u800c\u5177\u4f5b\u7684\u5fb7\u6027\uff08\u5982\u65e5\u6cd5\u723e\u800c\u5177\u5149\u660e\uff09\uff0c\u65e2\u70ba\u6cd5\u723e\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u70ba\u7de3\u8d77\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u5be6\u4e0d\u540c\u64a5\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7686\u7121\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5916\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4e0d\u6557\u5c0a\u8005\u53ea\u662f\u7b54\u8faf\uff0c\u4e26\u672a\u975e\u96e3\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u7684\u898b\u5730\u3002\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u5247\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\u3002\u6b64\u6d3e\u5b78\u8005\u798f\u5fb7\u7345\u5b50\uff08bSod nams Seng ge, 1429-1489\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u898b\u8fa8\u5225\u8ad6\u300b\uff08<em>lTa ba&#8217;i shan &#8216;byed<\/em>\uff09 \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c07\u4e2d\u89c0\u898b\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u985e\uff1a\u4e00\u8005\u4ee5\u5e38\u908a\u70ba\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u7684\u7be4\u6d66\u5df4\uff1b\u4e8c\u8005\u4ee5\u65b7\u908a\u70ba\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\uff1b\u4e09\u8005\u4ee5\u96e2\u908a\u70ba\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u81ea\u5b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u4ed6\u5c07\u6b64\u4e09\u985e\u4e2d\u89c0\u898b\u5224\u5225\u5982\u4e0b\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4ee5\u5e38\u908a\u70ba\u4e2d\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff1a\u7a7a\u6027\u6709\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u81ea\u6027\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e00\u70ba\u4ed6\u6027\u7a7a\u3002\u904d\u8a08\u81ea\u6027\u8207\u4f9d\u4ed6\u81ea\u6027\u662f\u4e16\u4fd7\u8ae6\uff0c\u5982\u5922\u5e7b\u7b49\uff0c\u5373\u81ea\u6027\u7a7a\uff1b\u6cd5\u6027\u5247\u70ba\u5713\u6210\u81ea\u6027\uff0c\u70ba\u52dd\u7fa9\u8ae6\uff0c\u6545\u975e\u81ea\u6027\u7a7a\uff0c\u50c5\u6c61\u67d3\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u6709\u70ba\u6cd5\uff08\u904d\u8a08\u6240\u57f7\u8207\u4f9d\u4ed6\u8d77\u6027\uff09\u70ba\u7a7a\uff0c\u6545\u5713\u6210\u81ea\u6027\u70ba\u4ed6\u7a7a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4ee5\u65b7\u908a\u70ba\u4e2d\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff1a\u4f9d\u6b63\u7406\u89c0\u5bdf\u6642\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a7a\u6027\u5426\u5b9a\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e14\u4ee5\u5426\u5b9a\u70ba\u771f\u5be6\uff0c\u6b64\u7d55\u5c0d\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u5373\u70ba\u52dd\u7fa9\u8ae6\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u8af8\u6cd5\u7684\u7a76\u7adf\u5be6\u76f8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u4ee5\u96e2\u908a\u70ba\u4e2d\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff1a\u300c\u4e2d\u300d\u5373\u8aaa\u96e2\u6709\u7121\u3001\u662f\u975e\u7b49\u4e00\u5207\u908a\uff0c\u6545\u908a\u57f7\u975e\u6368\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u537b\u4e0d\u80fd\u7a7a\u8a00\u96e2\u908a\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5148\u5426\u5b9a\u88ab\u57f7\u70ba\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u5ba2\u9ad4\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u624d\u80fd\u96e2\u5426\u5b9a\u4e4b\u908a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5fc5\u9808\u5426\u5b9a\u5c0d\u300c\u4e8c\u300d\u7684\u57f7\u7740\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u624d\u80fd\u5426\u5b9a\u5c0d\u300c\u975e\u4e8c\u300d\u7684\u57f7\u7740\u3002\u2500\u2500\u7136\u800c\u65bc\u5426\u5b9a\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u82e5\u57f7\u7740\u65bc\u7a7a\uff0c\u5247\u843d\u65b7\u898b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5224\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u4e2d\u89c0\u898b\u70ba\u65b7\u898b\uff0c\u4e43\u8aaa\u5176\u57f7\u7a7a\u4ee5\u70ba\u771f\u5be6\u3002\u798f\u5fb7\u7345\u5b50\u4e14\u8b02\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u65e5\u7a31\u8b6f\u5e2b\uff08Pa tshab Nyi ma grags 1055-?\uff09\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u7ae5\u6167\u5927\u5e2b\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u3002\u65e5\u7a31\u662f\u5c07\u6708\u7a31\uff08Candrak\u012brti\uff09\u8ad6\u8457\u8ffb\u8b6f\u70ba\u85cf\u6587\u7684\u5927\u8b6f\u5e2b\uff0c\u6708\u7a31\u7684\u4e2d\u89c0\u898b\uff0c\u5373\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u300d\u7684\u898b\u5730\uff1b\u7ae5\u6167\u5927\u5e2b\u53c8\u70ba\u6559\u6388\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u4e2d\u89c0\u7684\u4e0a\u5e2b\uff0c\u798f\u5fb7\u7345\u5b50\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u63d0\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u5206\u660e\u662f\u6709\u610f\u70ba\u96e3\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5176\u5be6\u5df2\u5c0d\u88ab\u6307\u70ba\u300c\u65b7\u898b\u300d\u4f5c\u51fa\u8faf\u89e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u8aaa\u8a71\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u7531\u4e86\u8af8\u6cd5\u6089\u7686\u7121\u6211\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u8caa\u7121\u9918\u6c38\u76e1\uff0c\u8c48\u65bc\u5c11\u6cd5\u898b\u5c11\u53ef\u6c42\u6216\u76f8\u53ef\u7de3\uff0c\u6545\u552f\u7121\u6211\u662f\u7121\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5bc2\u975c\u4e4b\u9580\u3002\u662f\u6545\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u8cc7\u7ce7\u8ad6\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u300e\u7121\u81ea\u6027\u6545\u7a7a\uff0c\u662f\u7a7a\u53d6\u4f55\u76f8\uff0c\u9063\u4e00\u5207\u76f8\u6545\uff0c\u667a\u8005\u53d6\u4f55\u9858\u3002\u300f\u6b64\u5c07\u7d93\u8aaa\u4e09\u89e3\u812b\u9580\uff08\u6309\uff1a\u4e09\u89e3\u812b\u9580\u70ba\u7a7a\u3001\u7121\u76f8\u3001\u7121\u9858\uff09\uff0c\u8207\u6b64\u8655\u8aaa\u552f\u6027\u7a7a\u898b\u4e00\u89e3\u812b\u9580\uff0c\u65b7\u76f8\u9055\u5931\uff0c\u4ee5\u6559\u7406\u6210\u70ba\u6b64\u89e3\u812b\u9580\u3002\u65b7\u6027\u4e4b\u5883\u4f55\u9808\u66f4\u7834\uff0c\u4ee5\u8b49\u5f7c\u8005\u5373\u80fd\u5c0d\u6cbb\u4e8c\u6211\u76f8\u57f7\uff0c\u65bc\u5f7c\u5168\u7121\u76f8\u57f7\u6c23\u6545\u3002\u82e5\u65bc\u5982\u6b64\u5206\u5225\u4ea6\u898b\u904e\u60a3\uff0c\u5584\u60e1\u5206\u5225\u6089\u7834\u9664\u8005\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u6b32\u6a39\u652f\u90a3\u582a\u5e03\u6240\u907a\u6559\u898f\u3002\u300d\uff08\u4f9d\u6cd5\u5c0a\u6cd5\u5e2b\u8b6f\u6587\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u9019\u756a\u8aaa\u8a71\u7684\u4e3b\u65e8\uff0c\u5373\u8b02\u7d93\u96d6\u8aaa\u6709\u4e09\u89e3\u812b\u9580\uff0c\u800c\u552f\u7a7a\u89e3\u812b\u9580\u6700\u52dd\uff0c\u70ba\u5c0d\u6cbb\u57f7\u7740\u7684\u5584\u5206\u5225\u3002\u82e5\u9023\u7a7a\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff08\u65b7\u6027\u4e4b\u5883\uff09\u90fd\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u61c9\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4f9d\u5f9e\u6469\u8a36\u884d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4efb\u4f55\u5206\u5225\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u8acd\u4e4b\u9ede\u5be6\u5728\u65bc\u2500\u2500\u7576\u4ee5\u7a7a\u6027\u4f86\u5c0d\u6cbb\u4eba\u6211\u3001\u6cd5\u6211\u4e8c\u57f7\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5206\u5225\u662f\u5426\u5373\u5c6c\u58ae\u5165\u908a\u898b\uff1f\u798f\u7345\u5b50\u8a8d\u70ba\u82e5\u57f7\u7a7a\u70ba\u5be6\u4ee5\u5c0d\u6cbb\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u5c6c\u908a\u898b\uff1b\u800c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u6210\u7acb\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5584\u5206\u5225\u4e0d\u7b97\u908a\u898b\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5373\u662f\u300c\u5168\u7121\u5206\u5225\u300d\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u662f\u6469\u8a36\u884d\u7684\u907a\u898f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u798f\u7345\u5b50\u53cd\u99c1\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u58eb\uff0c\u63aa\u8a5e\u56b4\u53b2\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c07\u6469\u8a36\u884d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u8ddf\u84ee\u82b1\u6212\u6240\u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u96e2\u908a\u4e2d\u89c0\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u5be6\u70ba\u88ab\u9b54\u6240\u8ff7\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u4ed6\u4e26\u4e14\u6307\u8cac\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u8ddf\u7ae5\u6167\u5927\u5e2b\u5b78\u4e2d\u89c0\u6642\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e3b\u5f35\u96e2\u908a\u4e2d\u89c0\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u4ed6\u63a5\u89f8\u70cf\u746a\u5df4\u5587\u561b\uff08dBu ma pa\uff0c\u5373\u7cbe\u9032\u7345\u5b50brTson &#8216;grus seng ge\uff09\uff0c\u70cf\u746a\u5df4\u66ff\u4ed6\u8acb\u4f86\u6587\u6b8a\u83e9\u85a9\uff0c\u65bc\u6703\u898b\u6587\u6b8a\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u6697\u793a\u4ed6\u6240\u6703\u898b\u7684\u6587\u6b8a\uff0c\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u9b54\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u64da\u300a\u81f3\u5c0a\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u50b3\u300b\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u6703\u898b\u6587\u6b8a\uff0c\u982d\u4e00\u6b21\u6703\u898b\u300c\u4fc2\u7531\u70cf\u746a\u5df4\u4f5c\u8b6f\u5e2b\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u5e2b\u4f5c\u70ba\u554f\u6cd5\u8005 &#8230;&#8230; \u4ed6\u554f\u81f3\u5c0a\u6587\u6b8a\uff1a\u300e\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u7684\u6b63\u898b\uff0c\u61c9\u6210\u548c\u81ea\u7e8c\u5169\u6d3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c6c\u65bc\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\uff1f\u300f\u6587\u6b8a\u8aaa\uff1a\u300e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u6d3e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u3002\u300f\u7531\u65bc\u90a3\u6642\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5927\u5e2b\u7684\u5fc3\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u627f\u8a8d\u300e\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u6709\u300f\uff08\u4efb\u4f55\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u4efb\u4f55\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u57f7\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u3002\u300d\uff08\u90ed\u548c\u537f\u8b6f\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u798f\u667a\u4e4b\u8072\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\u5e74\uff0c\u9801157-158\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u7531\u9019\u6bb5\u50b3\u8aaa\uff0c\u7684\u78ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u81ea\u6703\u898b\u6587\u6b8a\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u61f7\u7591\u96e2\u908a\u4e2d\u89c0\uff0c\u800c\u78ba\u7acb\u57f7\u53d6\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u7684\u898b\u5730\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u798f\u7345\u5b50\u7684\u6307\u8cac\uff0c\u5373\u64da\u6b64\u800c\u8a00\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u53ea\u57f7\u7740\u7a7a\u70ba\u771f\u5be6\uff0c\u800c\u5426\u5b9a\u975e\u6709\u975e\u7121\u7684\u96e2\u6232\u8ad6\u898b\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u6d3e\uff0c\u662f\u70cf\u746a\u5df4\u5587\u561b\u85c9\u6587\u6b8a\u986f\u793a\u7684\u5b78\u8aaa\uff0c\u8207\u81f3\u5c0a\u8056\u9f8d\u6a39\u4e4b\u8aaa\u76f8\u9055\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u7136\u800c\u5e73\u5be6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u798f\u7345\u5b50\u5224\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u70ba\u300c\u65b7\u908a\u300d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5f9e\u7406\u8ad6\u7acb\u5834\u51fa\u767c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7740\u91cd\u7531\u89c0\u4fee\u7acb\u5834\u51fa\u767c\u3002\u84cb\u85a9\u8fe6\u6d3e\u7684\u300c\u9053\u679c\u300d\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u4e09\u73fe\u5206\u300d\u2500\u2500\u4e0d\u6e05\u6de8\u73fe\u5206\u3001\u89ba\u53d7\u73fe\u5206\u3001\u6e05\u6de8\u73fe\u5206\uff0c\u65bc\u5be6\u4fee\u6642\u5373\u662f\u89ba\u53d7\u73fe\u5206\uff0c\u6b64\u969b\u4ea6\u9808\u4f9d\u4ee5\u7a7a\u6027\u5206\u5225\u4ee5\u9664\u865b\u5984\u6232\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u6240\u4ee5\u897f\u85cf\u752f\u746a\u3001\u85a9\u8fe6\u5169\u6d3e\uff0c\u53ca\u90e8\u4efd\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\u884c\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u975e\u7a7a\u975e\u4e0d\u7a7a\u300d\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u5be6\u672a\u843d\u771f\u5e38\u908a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u975e\u4ed6\u7a7a\u6545\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u4fbf\u53ea\u80fd\u7834\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\u53ca\u90e8\u4efd\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\u884c\u8005\u7684\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u96e2\u5206\u5225\u3001\u96e2\u6232\u8ad6\u3001\u96e2\u908a\u898b\u4ee5\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u5247\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u4e26\u975e\u672c\u9ad4\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u843d\u7a7a\u8207\u4e0d\u7a7a\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\u4e4b\u5167\u3002\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u53ea\u662f\u80fd\u85c9\u81ea\u986f\u73fe\u8b58\u5883\u800c\u6210\u986f\u73fe\u7684\u667a\u5883\u3002\u7576\u5fc3\u8b58\u8d77\u4e0d\u53d7\u8b58\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6642\uff0c\u5982\u5be6\u73fe\u8b49\u672c\u5177\u4e4b\u667a\u5883\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff08\u4f5b\u53ca\u516b\u5730\u4ee5\u4e0a\u83e9\u85a9\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff09\u3002\u2500\u2500\u8207\u6b64\u76f8\u5c0d\u8005\u5247\u70ba\u85cf\u8b58\uff08\u963f\u8cf4\u8036\u8b58\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u5247\u70ba\u5fc3\u8b58\u8d77\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u986f\u6c61\u67d3\u76f8\uff08\u51e1\u592b\u7684\u5fc3\u8b58\u72c0\u614b\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u3010\u8a3b\u3011\u8332\u5f15\u6566\u73e0\u6cd5\u738b\u65bc\u300a\u4e2d\u89c0\u5b97\u5b97\u7fa9\u300b\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u4ee5\u660e\u5176\u7fa9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u300c\u6545\u4e91\u771f\u5be6\u4ea6\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u672c\u4f86\u771f\u5be6\u4e4b\u672c\u89ba\uff0c\u6240\u751f\u4e4b\u6cd5\u723e\u6839\u672c\u667a\u771f\u5be6\uff0c\u53ca\u4f9d\u79aa\u5b9a\u751f\u8d77\u4e4b\u6839\u672c\u667a\u771f\u5be6\u3002\u524d\u8005\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e16\u4fd7\uff0c\u70ba\u6cd5\u723e\u6839\u672c\u667a\u6216\u6839\u672c\u8b58\uff0c\u6b64\u7531\u81ea\u9ad4\u672c\u89ba\u667a\u800c\u53ef\u4e86\u77e5\u52dd\u7fa9\u771f\u5be6\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u6b64\u4e2d\u8996\u70ba\u771f\u5be6\u8005\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6839\u672c\u667a\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u4e0d\u540c\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u53ca\u89ba\u56ca\u6d3e\uff0c\u57f7\u771f\u5e38\u800c\u4ed6\u7a7a\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u6839\u672c\u667a\u53ea\u662f\u4f5b\u5167\u81ea\u8b49\u667a\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u70ba\u7a7a\u6027\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u70ba\u975e\u7a7a\uff0c\u7531\u662f\u5373\u4e0d\u5b9c\u5c07\u752f\u746a\u7b49\u6d3e\u6240\u4f9d\u7684\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u56e0\u8aaa\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\uff0c\u5373\u8996\u4e4b\u7b49\u540c\u300a\u8d77\u4fe1\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u986f\u7136\u660e\u767d\u9019\u9ede\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5c0d\u752f\u746a\u6d3e\u7684\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u7b49\u7f6e\uff08\u898b\u300a\u571f\u89c0\u5b97\u6d3e\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u8aaa\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u5927\u4e2d\u89c0\u898b\u7121\u53ef\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u7136\u89c0\u4fee\u6642\u82e5\u5148\u843d\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u4fbf\u53cd\u5bb9\u6613\u9677\u5165\u300c\u7121\u5206\u5225\u898b\u300d\u7684\u57f7\u7740\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u884c\u8005\u9808\u80fd\u4f4f\u5165\u6cd5\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u59cb\u80fd\u5165\u7121\u5206\u5225\u3002\u6b64\u5373\u6469\u8a36\u884d\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u662f\u6545\u6301\u5e73\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u5c0f\u7d50\u8ad6\u8acd\u5982\u4e0b\u2500\u2500<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1\u2027\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u7121\u904e\u5931\uff0c\u4e0d\u843d\u771f\u5e38\uff0c\u4ea6\u96e2\u4ed6\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u975e\u5b89\u7acb\u70ba\u672c\u9ad4\u6545\u3002\u4ea6\u975e\u300c\u592a\u904e\u300d\uff0c\u50c5\u65bc\u52dd\u7fa9\u96e2\u56db\u908a\u969b\uff0c\u6291\u4e14\u96e2\u884c\u8005\u6240\u57f7\u96e2\u908a\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2\u2027\u7136\u800c\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u601d\u60f3\u50c5\u70ba\u898b\u5730\u3002\u9808\u4f9d\u6b21\u7b2c\u89c0\u4fee\u59cb\u80fd\u4f9d\u6b64\u898b\u5730\u800c\u8b49\u3002\u82e5\u5165\u624b\u5373\u57f7\u6b64\u898b\u5730\u800c\u4fee\uff0c\u53cd\u6613\u6210\u904e\u60a3\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u70ba\u898b\u5730\u6240\u56f0\uff0c\u5c24\u6613\u8f15\u5ffd\u6212\u5f8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">3\u2027\u6301\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u898b\u5730\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u89c0\u4fee\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c0d\u5165\u624b\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6d41\u5f0a\u8f03\u5c11\uff0c\u6545\u6b64\u5efa\u7acb\u4ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u70ba\u65b7\u898b\u3002\u50c5\u53ef\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u6b21\u7b2c\u4e4b\u898b\u5730\uff0c\u4e00\u5982\u8996\u4ed6\u7a7a\u70ba\u4e00\u6b21\u7b2c\u6240\u4f9d\u898b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">4\u2027\u5373\u4f7f\u4f9d\u4ed6\u7a7a\u898b\u6216\u771f\u5e38\u898b\u5efa\u7acb\u89c0\u4fee\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u65bc\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u4e2d\u4ea6\u7121\u904e\u5931\u3002\u7136\u800c\u537b\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u70ba\u7a76\u7adf\uff0c\u4e00\u5982\u4f9d\u61c9\u6210\u6d3e\u89c0\u4fee\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u70ba\u7a76\u7adf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2017\u5e74\u6b72\u6b21\u4e01\u9149\u96e8\u6c34\u589e\u8a02\u7adf\uff0c\u7121\u754f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b46\u8005\u5728\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u65b0\u8b6f\u300b\uff08\u4f9d\u85cf\u6587\u8b6f\uff09\u4e2d\u9644\u6709\u300c\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u4e94\u984c\u300d\u4e00\u7bc7\uff0c\u65bc\u300a\u5bf6\u6027\u8ad6\u68b5\u672c\u65b0\u8b6f\u300b\u5247\u672a\u9644\u6709\uff0c\u6709\u68b5\u672c\u65b0\u8b6f\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u80fd\u5c07\u300c\u4e94\u984c\u300d\u767c\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u5c07\u6b64\u7bc7\u589e\u88dc\u4fee\u8a02\uff0c\u65bc\u6b64\u767c\u8868\u3002\u539f\u6587\u4ea6\u66fe\u6536\u5165\u300a\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u8ad6\u96c6\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8b80\u8005\u4ea6\u53ef\u64da\u6b64\u589e&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2478,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"post_series":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2389"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2389"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2389\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5138,"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2389\/revisions\/5138"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2389"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2389"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2389"},{"taxonomy":"post_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kankanwoo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fpost_series&post=2389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}